S2 2019 ISY00243 - System Analysis and Design: Natural Lee Report

This report presents a system analysis and design for Natural Lee, an organic farm, addressing the challenges of manual operations and the need for an automated information system. The report covers various aspects, including initial investigation, business function brainstorming, project management with Gantt and PERT charts, risk analysis, fact-finding techniques, data modeling (use-case diagrams, activity diagrams, ERD), and feasibility analysis. The report explores the farm's background, organizational structure, and business functions, along with the vision for the new system. It details the functional and non-functional requirements, purpose, and justification for the system. Project management tasks, dependencies, and critical paths are outlined. Risk analysis, anticipated benefits, and expected costs are also assessed. Fact-finding techniques, including interviews and questionnaires, are discussed. The report includes data modeling with use case diagrams, activity diagrams, and ERDs. Finally, it evaluates suitable software options and provides a feasibility analysis with recommendations for implementation, aiming to improve customer satisfaction, streamline operations, and support business growth for Natural Lee.

Running head: SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
System Analysis and Design
Name of the student
Name of the University
Author Note

1SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Table of Contents
Activity-1 Initial Investigation...................................................................................................3
Background............................................................................................................................3
Organisational chart...............................................................................................................4
Business Functions.................................................................................................................4
Activity 2 - Idea.........................................................................................................................5
Brainstorming Business Functions related with new farming Information System..............5
System Vision Document...........................................................................................................6
Problem Statement.................................................................................................................6
System Capabilities................................................................................................................7
Purpose & Justification..........................................................................................................8
Activity 3 – Project Management..............................................................................................9
1. Table, listing all the tasks separately with duration...........................................................9
2. Identification of the dependencies and predecessors.........................................................9
3. Gantt Chart.......................................................................................................................10
4. PERT Chart developed in MS Project.............................................................................10
5. Overall duration of the project and critical path..............................................................11
Activity 4 – Risk analysis and project management................................................................11
1. Risks Associated with the Project Development.............................................................11
2. Anticipated Benefits of the New System.........................................................................13
3. Expected costs of the New System..................................................................................14
4. Use of Cost-Benefit Analysis Technique beneficial for the Project................................14
5. Assumptions and Interpretations......................................................................................16
7. Discussion about inclusion of strong business cases.......................................................16
Activity 5 – Fact finding techniques........................................................................................17
Activity 6 – Modelling.............................................................................................................20
Use-case Diagram................................................................................................................20
Use Case List........................................................................................................................21
Brief Description of 4 Use Cases.........................................................................................23
Phone Call........................................................................................................................23
Place Order.......................................................................................................................24

2SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Deposit.............................................................................................................................25
Delivery............................................................................................................................25
Activity Diagram..................................................................................................................26
Activity 7 – Fact Findings and Data Description.....................................................................27
Fact finding..........................................................................................................................27
ERD – conceptual................................................................................................................28
ERD- Physical......................................................................................................................30
Code format and Sample data..............................................................................................31
Customer..........................................................................................................................31
Order................................................................................................................................31
Payment............................................................................................................................31
Vegetables........................................................................................................................31
Farms................................................................................................................................32
Bank.................................................................................................................................32
Activity 8 – Suitable software and Feasibility.........................................................................32
Sequence Diagram...............................................................................................................32
Commercial Software...........................................................................................................33
Comparison......................................................................................................................33
Options of implementation...............................................................................................34
Conclusion................................................................................................................................34
Feasibility Analysis and Recommendations........................................................................35
References................................................................................................................................36
Appendices...............................................................................................................................41
Activity 1 - Organizational chart..........................................................................................41
Activity 3 – Gantt and Pert chart..........................................................................................42
Activity 5 – Questions..........................................................................................................44
Activity 6 – use case and activity diagram...........................................................................44
Activity 7 – System design..................................................................................................46
Activity 8 – Sequence diagram............................................................................................48

3SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Activity-1 Initial Investigation
Background
Phil lee has a passion for growing and carrying forward his father’s and grandfather’s
legacy for living sustainably and green. He has some cattle and sheep for producing egg, milk
and manure. Using the manure he used it as fertilizers and practiced companion planting for
saving the crops from the insect attacks. He also used the method of alternate cultivation to
keep the soil healthy. Formally, Phil was a carpenter and he left his occupation and followed
his dreams by growing and providing high quality food. His buyers comes to him for the
purchasing or picking their order. Orders are generally made through phone. The order lists
are written and processed manually. Phil is a talkative person and he loves to talk with his
customer on phones. However, the daily customers who have same order every week, had
frustration that Phil takes so long time for writing up the orders and after that processing and
delivering is involved. The pickup procedure was done by mainly the customers who picks
their weekly boxes of ordered vegetables. The farm got famous around the neighbourhood
and more customers were coming. At the end, it was getting difficult to handle that amount of
customers. He used to store the customer details by pen and paper so that customer could ring
and remind the order and he can recognise with the details he recorded. Windy is her wife
and she is fully supportive to Phil. She introduced the idea that they will focus on the
different aspects of their business. The new system will help a lot Phil to manage his growing
customers and demands. Phil was more concentrated on the production part and windy was
supposed to handle management and customer handling. Windy assigned Doug, Debbie,
Dongming and Dennis for taking orders from the customer. They also assisted in other
activities sometimes. They also included the idea of giving discount of 20% to the regular
customers. Rena and Robert was assigned as accountant in the organisation and they reported

4SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
directly to windy. For making the picking up easier for the customers, they decided to deliver
the boxes to the customer’s home. They assigned Mark and Marsha to take over the delivery
and pickups activities. Derek was also hired for helping Mark and Marsha. On the side of the
production, Phil hired Sam, Simon and Sarah for the machinery management as they were
qualified and skilled in operating all kind of machinery and vehicles. Phil and Wendy also
thought about their son, Richard to help them out in the farm’s marketing policy. Richard is
studying marketing at southern Cross University and he is in final year then.
Organisational chart
Figure 1: Organisational Chart of Natural Lee
Source: created by author
Business Functions
The business functions describes the operations and processes of the organisation
(Zikmund et al. 2013). The business of Natural lee has been distributed into the production
and management part. As Windy has been taking care of the management and customer

5SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
handling and Phil is taking care of production part of the organisation. The company has
following business functions:
i. The customer orders their vegetables over the phone.
ii. The staff receives the order and the order is processed during the week.
iii. The customers are also two types regular and standard. Regular customer are assigned
for 20% discount.
iv. The company delivers their orders to customer’s location or some customer comes to
pick their boxes.
v. The company has a production team where the vegetables and crops and grown
organically.
vi. The company operates with a machinery team who take cares of the vehicles and
machines.
Activity 2 - Idea
Brainstorming Business Functions related with new farming Information System
The customer needs to know the list of items presently available in the storage of the
farm so that they can order the items from the farm. They also needs to see a particular item
that is out of stock will be restocked again. So, the system will show all the details of the
quantity of products available and the time when they would be restocked again (Majd et al.
2016). The system will also provide access to the admin that is Phil to update any information
related to products on the application so that the customers get to know about them. The
system will also notify the Wendy to pack the products when they are to be delivered. The
payment system can also be checked by Phil as advance payment are sometime made by the
customers. The customers will have a proper payment system interface and secured as they

6SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
will pay by entering their card details to the farm. After payment, the system will generate
automatic invoice for the customer to be delivered along with the products ordered.
The system will also include logistics management that would arrange all the orders
according to the ordered placed by the customers. The system will also show online
documentation of the organize products that are grown by Natural Lee and would show the
government certification along with all terms and conditions that they follow to run this
business (Koester 2016). This would gain customer trust that the products are genuine and
original organic products. The system will also have a feature to take customer suggestion of
any complaints that they have against Natural Lee. The customer are also shown the contact
details of Phil and Wendy so that they can call in case of any query. The system will also
notify the customer when the delivery agent is allocated to place the order and the time they
will get the products in hand.
System Vision Document
Problem Statement
Phil and Wendy being the owner of Natural Lee was handling the operations of the
business manually because they were not having any automated system of handling the
process. Phil was handling the customer ordering process and Wendy was responsible to
dispatch the ordered products. But as the system was growing, they were facing difficulty in
handling the operations of the business and were losing customer because they were not able
to provide customer with proper information about products (Griffin 2018). They were also
not able to deliver the products on time. Moreover, Natural Lee also grew tasteful fruits
which were not in the selling items lists presently. Both of them decided to include the selling
of fruits as well to the customer. As a result the business handling manually was to become
more difficult with vast list of products to sell.

7SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
So, the owners of the farm decided to implement IS system that would help them to automate
the business system. This would increase the customer satisfaction and retain customer to
their farm. The IS system of Natural Lee will be able to take order automatically and notify
Pill about the order that has been received. Wendy will also find packing the products easier
compared to the system followed presently.
System Capabilities
Functional requirements: The System includes function requirements that are to be met while
developing the system (Smit, Zoet and Berkhout 2017). Those are listed in the section below:
 The new IS system will take input from the customers and the admin so that the
information in the system can be updated.
 The system will include the details of the customer including their delivery address ad
their contact number so that they can be contacted at the time of delivery.
 The system will take the details of the products details as input from the administrator
so that the customer can view the products currently available in the farm.
 The system will also take any customer review or customer suggestion for improving
the operations of business that are being carried out in Natural Lee.
 There will be customer sign in and logout option in the interface of the system.
 There will be payment interface in the system where the customer can pay at the time
of ordering the products.
 The system will also have a cash on delivery feature available for the customers.
Non-Functional Requirements: The system includes non-function requirements that are to be
met while developing the system (Farid and Mitropoulos 2013). Those are listed in the
section below:

8SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
 The data and the information uploaded in the system will be secured by implementing
security program in the system.
 The system of Natural Lee IS system will be robust and will be accountable.
 For developing the system, there will be proper documentation process and standards
for developing the user interface will be used to develop the system.
 The users can rely on the system and the system to be developed will be able to carry
out exception handling and will include tolerance of data loss.
 For developing the interface of the system protocols of development will be used and
the system would be managed by Phil and Wendy.
Purpose & Justification
The main purpose of this report is to develop a new information system that will make
the farming system automated and will help to carry out the business more easily as well as
maintain the business processes efficiently by Phil and Wendy.
As Phil and Wendy is to establish an automatic business process so that they can
manage their business easily and want to enhance the customer satisfaction. They want to
implement a new information system for their Natural Lee which produces organic fruits and
vegetables. All the processes involved in the business are managed by Pile and Wendy
manually which is increasing their burden of managing the processes. Manually handling the
process was resulting in delay in product delivery and was difficult to update the products
that were presently available for sale for the customers. So, the new IS system that this report
plans help to improve their way of handling the operations in the business and thus improve
customer satisfaction with customer retention.

9SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Activity 3 – Project Management
1. Table, listing all the tasks separately with duration
Task Name
Duratio
n
“Natural-Lee" information system 12 days
start project 0 days
meeting with staffs and agronomist 3 days
conducting interview with the staffs 3 days
review of the farm records of produce, season, customer purchases, cost and
profits 3 days
observing business operations 1 day
interview of customers 1 day
analysing the accounting process currently used 2 days
study a sample of orders and payment transactions 2 days
undertake field work for home delivery services 2 days
preparing a report for Wendy 1 day
stop project 0 days
2. Identification of the dependencies and predecessors
Task Name
Predeces
sors
Dependency
Types
“Natural-Lee" information system
start project
meeting with staffs and agronomist 1 Finish to Start
conducting interview with the staffs 2 Finish to Start
review of the farm records of produce, season, customer
purchases, cost and profits 3 Finish to Start
observing business operations 3 Finish to Start
interview of customers 5 Finish to Start
analysing the accounting process currently used 4 Finish to Start
study a sample of orders and payment transactions 4 Finish to Start
undertake field work for home delivery services 4 Finish to Start
preparing a report for Wendy 6,7,8,9 Finish to Start
stop project 10 Finish to Start

10SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
3. Gantt Chart
ID Task
Mode
Task Name Duration Start Finish
0 “Natural-Lee" information system 12 days Mon
30-09-19
Tue
15-10-19
1 start project 0 days Mon 30-09-19 Mon 30-09-19
2 meeting with staffs and agronomist 3 days Mon 30-09-19 Wed 02-10-19
3 conducting interview with the staffs 3 days Thu 03-10-19 Mon 07-10-19
4 review of the farm records of produce,
season, customer purchases, cost and profits
3 days Tue 08-10-19 Thu 10-10-19
5 observing business operations 1 day Tue 08-10-19 Tue 08-10-19
6 interview of customers 1 day Wed 09-10-19 Wed 09-10-19
7 analysing the accounting process currently
used
2 days Fri 11-10-19 Mon 14-10-19
8 study a sample of orders and payment
transactions
2 days Fri 11-10-19 Mon 14-10-19
9 undertake field work for home delivery
services
2 days Fri 11-10-19 Mon 14-10-19
10 preparing a report for Wendy 1 day Tue 15-10-19 Tue 15-10-19
11 stop project 0 days Tue 15-10-19 Tue 15-10-19
30-09
3 days
3 days
3 days
2 days
2 days
2 days
1 day
15-10
T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F
22 Sep '19 29 Sep '19 06 Oct '19 13 Oct '19 20 Oct '19 27 Oct '19
Figure 2: Gantt chart developed in MS project
Source: created by author
4. PERT Chart developed in MS Project
Figure 3: PERT Chart developed in MS Project
Source: created by author

Running head: SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
5. Overall duration of the project and critical path
The overall duration of the project is 12 days, where the activity 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9 and 10
are the critical activities that are highlighted in red in the Gantt chart and the PERT diagram.
Activity 4 – Risk analysis and project management
1. Risks Associated with the Project Development
The risks that could be associated with the development of an information system for
Natural-Lee can be discussed as:
No. Risks Likelihood of
Occurrence
1. Improper or incomplete requirements during project planning phase
could lead to incurred risks within the later phases of projects.
Without gaining a proper form of understanding of the requirements
that needs to be included within the project, the system development
manager would not be able to guide the other team members
working over the project (Leveson 2015). This would also affect the
outcome of the project as this would lead to low incorporation of
ideas within the web system.
Medium
2. Inadequate support from software or hardware vendors could lead to
project delays. There might be some situations in which the required
hardware or software component might not be available during the
required moment. This would lead to delay in the overall
management of project and might delay the process of
implementation of needed activities. The gaining of requirements at
a prior stage before the start of the project would be helpful for the
project developers to acquire them properly and arrange them. This
would also ease the process of delivering the project in a fast
manner.
High
3. Technical Issues might arise within the project based on introducing
“new edge” technology. This technology might require exclusive
use of updated software components, which might not be included
within the estimated budget or expertise (Soomro, Shah and Ahmed
2016). These encounters of risk situations could lead to stoppage of
some kind of services. New kind of software components that would
be included within the system would also help in developing a sound
system incorporating all the possible actions and providing a quality
High