Analysis and Modelling of Current System: Printing Incorporated

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the current system of Printing Incorporated, a book publishing company. It begins with a company background, outlining its business operations, products, services, and the problems it faces, both internally and externally, such as lack of a centralized tracking system and challenges in royalty calculations. The report identifies essential system issues, including diagramming mistakes, illegal data flows, and the use of unauthenticated blocks. It also examines the significance of these issues, such as aggressive competition and data from unauthenticated sources. The report outlines the current system's objectives and constraints, emphasizing the need for effective modeling techniques like DFDs and event tables. Furthermore, it defines the scope of the current system, including customer maintenance and e-book sales, and concludes with an entity-relationship diagram (ERD) and a data flow diagram (DFD) to model the current system effectively.

Current System Analysis
and Modelling

TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS.................................................................................................................2
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
COMPANY BACKGROUND........................................................................................................1
(a): A brief description of their current business operation, products and services...............1
(b): Some of the problems/issues the business (internal and external) currently facing........2
(c): Most essential business current system issues required to be address.............................3
(d): Issues in the current systems and their significance........................................................3
(e): Current systems objective and constraints.......................................................................4
Scope of the current system.............................................................................................................5
Documentation.................................................................................................................................5
TASK B: Modelling for the current system.....................................................................................7
Entity-relationship diagram....................................................................................................7
Appendix..........................................................................................................................................8
DFD diagram..........................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This project report summarises various specific information about the printing book
publishing company. The main aim of this report is to produce a requirement of document which
is capture the functional need for a data system that used to support the current needs of the
printing incorporated EBook publishing company. For this purpose, various business issues those
are associated with business internal and external department are illustrated under this report.
Apart from this, certain charts and diagram such as equity relationships and DFD is presented
under this project effectively.

INTRODUCTION
System analysis is wider term for describing method for developing superior quality of
information system which can combine information technology, people and data to fulfil
business requirements. While, business modelling is a set of design as well as essential part of
business strategy which is used to provide shape to any activity performed within the company.
The manager uses system analysis techniques to analyse logical aspects at strategic level within
an organisation. It plays an eminent role in success of any company as it provides information
about possibility of generating incomes. This project report is based on specific case study of
printing incorporated book publishing company. The initial stage of this project is to determine
issues the company is facing regarding the current system and their associated challenges. For
this purpose, secondary sources of data collection are taken into consideration for completing
this particular report (Wilson, 2014).
COMPANY BACKGROUND
(a): A brief description of their current business operation, products and services
Printing incorporated book publishing is one of the independent book which is situated in
Melbourne, Australia. Being in small size with only 50 employees, it is one of the effective
leader in growing online publishing sector. The company sees them as pacesetter in the area of
digital publishing and e-books. It has also become the only company as third Australian
publisher to have their entire catalogue placed over the internet. Earlier, the author had only two
ways for publishing their work in front of the public. The selection option to convince one of the
primary competitors in same business they need to make effective strategies that can draw the
attention of maximum customers (Ghassemlooy, Popoola and Rajbhandari, 2012). The writer
would retain an advance payment for the cost of printing and promoting the book and stay back
for collecting royalty checks. Henceforth, it has been seen that only some of the mainline
publishers accepts a few new manuscripts in every year. Writers can face many rejection notes
and never determine a willing publisher. The other option available for the author was to self-
publish by a vanity press. E-books bypass the expenditure of printing, they can have produced
and sell much more economical as compare to the paper books. Printing incorporated publishers
E-books have been present in four layouts such as:
 Screen-optimized DRM-free digital edition (only made for reading through computers)
 Printer-optimized DRM-free editions (Frame for printing on client printers)
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 e-Pub format digital editions which is made for reading on iPhone and iPad only.
 MOBI format, it is made for only reading on the Kindle.
In order to increase in their internet presence, Printing incorporate is trying to build
relationship with the large e-commerce site and online publisher. They had only 10 employees
two years back and 25 employees’ previous year but presently there are 50 employees working
with them. By keeping up the growth rate, they can pass more than 50 within the coming next 2
to 3 years. Presently there are two major offices situated closely together in Australia. The First
one is associated with setting of strategy and developing online channels and eBook
technologies. Whereas other office aims on sales and services provided to various customers.
(b): Some of the problems/issues the business (internal and external) currently facing
In accordance to the Printing publishing company which is desperately required proper
integrated information system to keep tracking their authors, books-in-progress, overall sales and
customer royalties quickly. Presently, every salesman keeps an individual database as per the
nature of matters contained in the books. These databases are created by Technical services
department as per the provided template (Wang and et. al., 2015). There are various types of
issues found within the internal department. Some of them are mentioned underneath:
 Lack of centralized tracking system
 Different channel is used to record the sales.
 Difficult to record and calculate authors royalty payment and salespersons performance.
 HR staffs required to use combine data from various channel manually.
 Difficult to maintain 100% accuracy at the time complaint.
Because of no proper computerized tracking system in the company, a manual file folder
is created for every book-in-process that consists of notes from each production workers. In case,
worker need to search a file, they have to look through each bin until it cannot be found. The
proposed data system would be permitting for electronic tracking of books by the production
process. It would be influential that present status of each books. The major impacts seen is that,
sales number are downloaded from e-commerce link at the close of every quarter and dumped
into the excel spreadsheet. The accountant used to calculate royalties in excel and manually used
to writes checks.
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(c): Most essential business current system issues required to be address
By the help of effective system analyst techniques company and project team can easily
be able to determining all kind of issues, opportunity and advises that caused the growth of
printing business. Information employed and attain during such analysis which has to be from at
every level of their company. It is vital to determine the present process, the issues and growth
opportunity for the company. There are various crucial issues found within the current system of
printing publishing ltd (Zhang, Rehtanz and Pal, 2012). Data modelling consists of various
models of structured methods such as, event table, data fragments, DFDs, ERD and DFD
documentation. Some of them are discussed underneath:
Diagramming mistakes:
It is one of the well-known second class of DFD mistake that arises when the techniques
prove to be somewhat more hard than one might initially anticipate. There are certain common
mistakes which occurs that occurs when one first tries to develop DFS.
Illegal data flows: One of the systematic presence of data flow analysis that all proper
flow which begin with or end at processing process. The simple mistake can be fairly easily
examining and corrected in a DFD.
Use of unauthenticated blocks: It is another basic issues which mostly associated with the
current system. Most of the writer may use different types of size blocks those are unethical for
the book content. It will have made huge impacts on the presentation of data flow diagram.
(d): Issues in the current systems and their significance
In the present era of competition, the use of computers and allied technology is inevitable
and it has been well recognized that information system play virtual role in various industries. In
this digital technology, publishing companies are juggling with an enormous array of earning
model, advertising and sponsorships options (Bonham-Carter, 2014). There are various
challenges which are faced by the publisher with the present system. Some issues are mentioned
underneath:
Aggressive competitive activities: It is primary is considered as primary issues which is
found in the current system of book publication. Nowadays, plenty of companies are operating in
the same line of business. Because of large number of operations and activities plenty of
competitors used to copy their strategies which will lead to huge impacts on the internal
department. Basically, similar companies want to increase their business by exploring innovating
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ideas and techniques which will badly affect the one another. Because of aggressive competition
book publishing company cannot be able to generate valuable results for the company.
Data collected from unauthenticated sources: In order to introduce innovative matters
and stories company tried to use data from unauthenticated sources which would not provide
valuable sources of information to the people. This will affect the current system drastically to
function correctly in longer period of time. Without going through the matters those are provided
by the employee’s company used to print it on the paper which will directly impact the
performance of the publishing company.
Sustainable earning growth: Because of lack of pace at which the publishing sector
supplies to changing demand of people and that of content consumptions is the main point of
concern for the book publishing company.
Subscription management: Another issue with the current system lies in case of online
order booking subscriptions, tracking of payments and direct booking into the ledger. This
particular issue gets more effects in case of multiples channels of distribution used by the
company for the purpose of increasing the sale is huge drawback for the company (Padiyar,
2012).
From the all above issues, aggressive competitive analysis and data collected from
unauthenticated sources is considered as more important for the book publishing company.
Because these two are primarily affecting the daily business operation of the company in present
time. In order to resolve these issues, company need to make analysis of all the data taken for
publishing must be relevant and authenticated that would help in attain more reliable growth in
near future time.
(e): Current systems objective and constraints
All the above issues are having certain objectives which will help the company to
manager and control their current system effectively. In this case scenario, current system is
more inclined towards effective models which helps in attaining structured approach such as
DFD and Event table. The reason behind adopting new system is that the traditional system had
few issues which develops numerous hurdles for a business organisation. Current system
appreciates new and advanced technologies which helps in recording and modelling a huge data
so that reliable information can be acquired. The main aim of current system is to bring
effectiveness and efficiency in the business operations, by referring to the case of publication
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house it can be said that current system objectifies to help business to grow and grab
opportunities which are available in the market. Along with ample of advantages of current
system, there are few constraints too which limits a business to develop its operations. The
major constraint of current system is illegal data flow due to which business has to face several
problems related to legislations (Krolzig, 2013).
Scope of the current system
The problems analysis stage used to provide the system analyst and project tea with a more
thorough knowledge of issues, opportunities and orders that initiated the project. There main
scope is to draw the attention of good authors and publish book that can attain commercial
success. It is mostly relying on the size of publishing company, the book publisher can carry out
all aspects of publication or can delegate part of the work to editors and marketing specialists.
The data system of printing incorporate offices can have to perform the basic functions. Some
examples of functionality can be discussed below:
 Customer maintenance: It will register with printing incorporated through providing
their name, address, home telephone number, work telephone number and email address.
 E-book sales: It has been seen that a customer can purchase eBook by printing
incorporated website or other sites such as Amazon. It consists of identification number
that can help customer to select the correct book on the online (Jensen and Rozenberg,
2012).
 Member transaction history: It is essential to make list of all members, their purchase
of eBooks over the requested period. The eBook must be associated with the title, date
and amount printed on it. this particular report used to provide essential help to analyse
the current market as well as develop customer mailing lists.
Documentation
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6

TASK B: Modelling for the current system
Entity-relationship diagram
It consists of entity relationship diagram which is a graphical representation of entities and
their relationships to one another. Basically, it is used in respect to the organisation of data
within record or information system (Entity relationship, 2017). This information depicts the
relationships among products, its ids, name and colour that is associated with the book
publishing.
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Appendix
DFD diagram
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REFERENCES
Books and Journal:
Bonham-Carter, G. F., 2014. Geographic information systems for geoscientists: modelling with
GIS (Vol. 13). Elsevier.
Ghassemlooy, Z., Popoola, W. and Rajbhandari, S., 2012. Optical wireless communications:
system and channel modelling with Matlab®. CRC press.
Jensen, K. and Rozenberg, G. eds., 2012. High-level Petri nets: theory and application. Springer
Science & Business Media.
Krolzig, H. M., 2013. Markov-switching vector autoregressions: Modelling, statistical inference,
and application to business cycle analysis (Vol. 454). Springer Science & Business
Media.
Padiyar, K. R., 2012. Analysis of subsynchronous resonance in power systems. Springer Science
& Business Media.
Wang, H., and et. al., 2015. Modelling and optimization of CHP based district heating system
with renewable energy production and energy storage. Applied Energy. 159. pp.401-421.
Wilson, A.G., 2014. Complex spatial systems: the modelling foundations of urban and regional
analysis. Routledge.
Zhang, X. P., Rehtanz, C. and Pal, B., 2012. Flexible AC transmission systems: modelling and
control. Springer Science & Business Media.
Online
Entity relationship. 2017. [Online]. Available through: <
https://www.webopedia.com/TERM/E/entity_relationship_diagram.html>.
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