ICT103 Systems Analysis and Design: Hotel Booking System Diagrams

This assignment solution for ICT103 Systems Analysis and Design details the creation of various UML diagrams to model a hotel booking system. It begins with use cases, illustrating interactions between users and the system, including actors, associations, and descriptions of scenarios like making a booking. Activity diagrams are then presented, showcasing the workflow and control flow within the system. Sequence diagrams visualize the interactions between objects over time, depicting message flows for key functionalities. The solution also includes a domain model class diagram, representing the system's objects and their relationships. Furthermore, state machine diagrams are provided to visualize the system's states and transitions. Finally, the assignment covers user interface design, employing Balsamic mockup to demonstrate different layers of the proposed booking system, along with considerations for device compatibility and user experience. The document concludes with a summary of the analysis and design process, emphasizing the use of UML diagrams for gathering requirements and developing the information system.

Running head: ICT103 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
ICT103 Systems Analysis and Design
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author’s Note

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ICT103 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Table of Contents
Use cases..........................................................................................................................................2
Activity Diagrams............................................................................................................................6
Sequence Diagrams.........................................................................................................................9
Domain Model Class Diagram......................................................................................................12
State Machine Diagram.................................................................................................................14
User Interface.................................................................................................................................16
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................19
Bibliography..................................................................................................................................21

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ICT103 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Use cases
It is used for demonstrating the interaction between the hotel booking system and the
users for the achievement of the goals of the user. The activity performed by each of the actor
associated with the information system is shown and here the most important elements are the
use case and the actors (Jacobson, Spence & Kerr, 2016).
Basic Elements of the Model
Actor: A role is represented by the actor who directly interacts with the information system.
Association: The association is used for describing the relationship between the use case and the
actor
Use Case: The use case shows the functionality of working of the system and the interaction
between the system and the actor.

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ICT103 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Use case Description
Assumptions
The duty manager and the manager are the two assumed actors used for the development of the
use case since they can track each of the operation or activity in the hotel and is responsible for
attending enquiry from the guests and managing complains regarding booking.
Use case name Make Booking

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ICT103 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Scenario Displaying available room and their rates per
night
Triggering event Searching availability of the room using the
option of check out and check in
Brief description: Displaying available room and their rates per
night
Actors: Receptionist, Guest/Customer
Related Use cases: Updating the details of booking and
displaying the new details of booking
Stakeholders Customer, system admin
Preconditions Modification of booking with the use of
booking number
Post conditions Confirmation of the payment and sending the
confirmation via mobile/email
Name of Use case Login
Actor Customer, Receptionist, manager and System
Admin
Description An authorized username and password is
entered by the user for accessing the system
Basic Action Actor System Response
Opening the login Displaying the login

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ICT103 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
page page to be filled by
the user for
authorization
Enter login
credentials and click
the login button
A search is made on
the information
system for matching
username and
password
Ending use case If the username and
password matches the
user is redirected to
the next page or error
message is displayed
Name of Use case Select Room Type
Actor Customer, Receptionist, manager and System
Admin
Description The room type is checked by searching the
database
Flow of activities User Action System Response
Selection of room
type from available
room
Displaying the types
of room categorized
into the interface

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ICT103 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Searching room type
from home page
A search is made on
the information
system for matching
type of room
Ending use case If the search keyword
matches the available
room types are
displayed or an error
message is displayed
Activity Diagrams
The control flow is represented by the activity diagram for the hotel booking system and
it refers to the steps that are included for executing the use case. A model is created for the
concurrent and sequence activity with the help of activity diagram and thus workflow is depicted
visually. The message flow condition is focused for finding the result and finding the root cause
of the event. A starting and finishing point is used for the demonstration of decision paths for the
execution of the activity. The dynamic aspects of the system can be shown with the help of the
activity diagram and is very similar with the flowchart (Kamath & Narendra, 2018). It can be
used for decision making and understand the flow of program for high level. The constraint can
be figured out along with the constraint and condition causing the particular event and it can also
converge the flow chart for converging the activity diagram in case of taking complex decision.
The activity is represented by a rounded corner rectangular box and the flow of control is

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ICT103 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
referred as solid arrow head (Bhuyan, Ray & Das, 2017). A decision node is used for deciding
the flow of control and it is represented by a diamond shape.
Diagram1
Diagram2:

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ICT103 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Diagram3:

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ICT103 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Sequence Diagrams
The sequence diagram is used as a modelling language used for standardizing and
visualizing the system design. It can be used as an interaction diagram and demonstrates the
interactive behavior of the system. The objects are depicted in a sequential manner as the
interaction takes places. The sequence starts from the actor and it represents the role for its
interaction with the objects of the system. Solid arrow is used for the representation of flow of
message between the messages (Muñoz et al., 2019). The messages can be synchronous i.e. they
waits for the reply before moving forward to the new interaction. The sender of the message
needs to wait until receiver completes processing of the messages until the reply message is
received. The receiver sends the reply message to the sender and it is represented by dotted line
and open arrow head. The sequence diagram finds its application in modelling and visualizing
the logic for a function procedure or operation (Zhao, Payne & Atkison, 2018). They also
demonstrates the details of the use case diagram and understand the functionality in details of the
hotel booking system. The message and the flow of task between objects are also visualized by
the diagram.
Diagram1:

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ICT103 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Diagram2:

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ICT103 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Diagram3:

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ICT103 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Domain Model Class Diagram
It is used for representation of the system objects and demonstrating the relationship with
the other classes stored in the information system of hotel booking system. The structure of the
system is represented by the domain model class diagram by representing the system classes,
attributes, operations and the relation between the objects. It is the main resource used in
conceptual modelling and for further detailed modelling of the system (Rashid, 2019). The
programming codes and developed by transiting the modules of the system classes and the main
elements are also represented by the class. The top compartment of the class contains the class
name and the middle compartment contains the attributes and the lowest compartment represents
the operations that can be executed by the class.

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ICT103 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Diagram1:
Diagram2:

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ICT103 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Diagram3:
State Machine Diagram
The state machine diagram is created for visualizing the physical component consisting
of the nodes and demonstrating their relationship. The following is the hotel booking system
state machine diagram and it shows how the user can access the information system getting
information about the availability of the room and confirm the booking process.
Diagram1:

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ICT103 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Diagram2:
Diagram3:

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ICT103 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
User Interface
For the development of the user interface we have used Balsamic mockup such that the
different layers of the proposed booking system is demonstrated along with multiple page
content. It is a wireframe tool that can create a sketch of the mockup for website or mobile
application. It can help in faster development of the user interface and testing the usability of the
design.
 The system is browser based
 It needs to support multiple devices
such as laptop, desktop and handheld
mobile devices
 The interface should run on cross
platform such as windows, linux, iOS
and android browsers.
 Data Entry
 Text box, list box, combo box, radio
buttons, check boxes
 Include online editing to minimize
errors
 Visibility and Navigation
 Minimize, maximize, close, resize
 The home page of the hotel booking
system is designed with the help of
navigation bars, images, registration,
Desktop and laptop UIs

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ICT103 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
login and booking options such that
the user can check the availability of
the room for making booking of the
preferred rooms in a hotel.
 The page is created for showing the
different rooms available in a hotel
and they are showcased with detailed
information for each of the suite. The
page provides an idea to the customer
about the type of rooms and help them
to take quick decision for proceed
with the booking.
 The registration or login page is
created for registering new user and
allow the registered user to access the
hotel booking system with their
unique login credential. The details of
the users are stored in the database and
analyzed during the login for allowing
them to book hotel or check
availability of room.
 The booking page is created for
recording the details of the

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ICT103 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
customer /guest need to make
reservation. The guest needs to
provide the name, address, contact
details and check in and check out
date for finding the available room
and proceed with the payment option
and confirm the booking. The images
of the hotel and the rooms are needed
to be displayed to the user such that
they can find the facilities that are
provided by the hotel. The images also
provides an idea about the look and
feel of the hotel and select the
environment that suits their taste and
book the room.
 My account page is created for the
management of the booking and the
find the previous bookings made by
the customer. In case of cancellation
of any of the booking the user can get
the refund in their wallet and edit their
personal details for the management of
booking.

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ICT103 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
 The payment page is created for
accepting payment from the guest and
proceed with the booking
confirmation. Two types of option i.e.
debit card and credit card is provided
to the user for increasing the
flexibility and usability of the web
interface.
Conclusion
The issue of the customer and the hotel that are faced is analyzed for the development of
the hotel booking system. The current problems in the manual booking system is analyzed and
the benefits that can be gained with the integration of the online booking system is evaluated for
starting the development of the system. There are different methods that can be used for
gathering requirement and integrating the online booking system with the current business. A
research is made on the use of UML diagram for the development of the information system. The
UML diagram and modelling is used for the development of use case, activity, sequence, state
machine, domain model class diagram. The use case diagram is created for describing the
scenario and identification of the triggering event. The actors are identified as the users of the
information system and the precondition and post condition for the execution of the system are
evaluated for the development of the other uml diagrams. The activity diagram is prepared for
each of the use case and the sequence diagram is created form the activity diagram for the
demonstration of the flow of information. The class diagram is used as a conceptual model used
for analyzing the behavior and the data and develop the modules. It helps in gathering conceptual

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ICT103 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
idea about the system and a designing the interface design that can be used by the user for
accessing different functionality needed for the management of booking operation.

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ICT103 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Bibliography
Bhuyan, P., Ray, A., & Das, M. (2017). Test Scenario Prioritization Using UML Use Case and
Activity Diagram. In Computational Intelligence in Data Mining (pp. 499-512). Springer,
Singapore.
Dalal, S., & Hooda, S. (2017). Automated Test Sequence Generation of Aspect-Oriented
Programs based upon UML Activity Diagram. International Journal of Engineering and
Technology [IJET], 9(2).
Dudley, J. J., & Kristensson, P. O. (2018). A review of user interface design for interactive
machine learning. ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems (TiiS), 8(2), 1-37.
Jacobson, I., Spence, I., & Kerr, B. (2016). Use-Case 2.0. Queue, 14(1), 94-123.
Jagtap, S., Gawade, V., Pawar, R., Shendge, S., & Avhad, P. (2016). Generate Test Cases From
UML Use Case and State Chart Diagrams. International Research Journal of
Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 3(10), 873-881.
Kamath, P., & Narendra, V. G. (2018). Generation of Test Cases from Behavior Model in
UML. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 13(17), 13178-13187.
Moore, R. J., Arar, R., Ren, G. J., & Szymanski, M. H. (2017, May). Conversational UX design.
In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in
Computing Systems (pp. 492-497).
Muñoz, P., Burgueño, L., Vallecillo-Moreno, A. J., & Gogolla, M. (2019). Automatic Generation
of Valid Behavioral Scripts from UML Sequence Diagrams.

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Pérez, C., & Marín, B. (2018). Automatic generation of test cases from UML models. CLEI
Electron. J., 21(1).
Rashid, S. (2019). Automatic Classification of UML Sequence Diagrams from Images.
Shneiderman, B., Plaisant, C., Cohen, M., Jacobs, S., Elmqvist, N., & Diakopoulos, N.
(2016). Designing the user interface: strategies for effective human-computer interaction.
Pearson.
Zhao, X., Payne, A., & Atkison, T. (2018). TTExTS: A Dynamic Framework to Reverse UML
Sequence Diagrams From Execution Traces. In Proceedings of the International
Conference on Software Engineering Research and Practice (SERP) (pp. 82-88). The
Steering Committee of The World Congress in Computer Science, Computer Engineering
and Applied Computing (WorldComp).