PPMP20012 Unit Portfolio: Systems Thinking for Project Managers

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This report identifies and describes various systems thinking tools and techniques that can aid project managers in solving project problems. It categorizes these tools into brainstorming tools (like fishbone diagrams and double Q diagrams), dynamic thinking tools (including behavior over time graphs and causal loop diagrams), structural thinking tools (such as graphical function diagrams and policy structure diagrams), and computer-based tools (like computer models, management flight simulators, and learning laboratories). The report emphasizes the importance of understanding interconnections within a system and using these tools to gain insights into problem dynamics, decision-making processes, and potential solutions in project management. It references key literature in the field, providing a comprehensive overview of how systems thinking can enhance project management practices. Desklib provides access to this and other solved assignments for students.
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(Insert Student Name) / (Insert Student Number) - PPMP20012Unit Portfolio for Week 2
Week 2: Identify different systems thinking tools and techniques to aid project managers solve project

problems.

Reading samples
Learning
outcome # 2

Learnings from your weekly study, experience, this and

prior unit readings and assignments

Supporting

documentation

including any

prior learning

Mandatory Readings

Part 1: SEBoK
Introduction -

'Introduction to SE

Transformation';

Part 1: SEBoK
Introduction -

'SEBoK Users and

Uses';

Part 6: Related
Disciplines -

'Knowledge Area:

Systems

Engineering and

Project

Management'

Kerzner (2017)
Chapters 2.3 - 2.5;

2.22;

AS/NZS
15288:2015

Introduction;

Optional Readings

AS ISO
21504:2016

Project,

Identify different

systems thinking tools

and techniques to aid

project managers solve

project problems.

It is considered that there are certain techniques and tools of system thinking

that can helps and support the project manager in very effective manner. The

tools and methods of system thinking are properly divided into major parts that

help the manager of project to increase the growth and development and sort

out the issues and challenges which are arises at the whole project lifetime. The

tools are described are mentioned:

System thinking is defined as disciplines for a complete group rather than

individual parts, to understanding the interconnection. The system recognises

that world is created from number of connections, hierarchally described in

social and technical entities that define behaviour which are not predicted at all

y evaluating the behaviour of certain system parts.

The
system thinking tools are divided into 10 types, which are described as
below:

Brainstorming tools:
The tools are designed to support and help users to see
the complete system, where all aspects of problem are explained to avoid the

top down approach.

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Document Page
(Insert Student Name) / (Insert Student Number) - PPMP20012Unit Portfolio for Week 2
Reading samples Learning
outcome # 2
Learnings from your weekly study, experience, this and
prior unit readings and assignments
Supporting
documentation
including any
prior learning

programme and

portfolio

management—

Guidance on

portfolio

management;

Case Study

Chief Counsel's
Report - Chapter 5

(PDF 700KB),
Figure: Fishbone diagram
Double Q Diagram: It is depends on fishbone as well as effect and
cause diagram. It captures thoughts and ideas in free flow and

structured manner. It differentiates between qualitative and

quantitative variables which affects the interest issue. This is structured

at whole period of brainstorming sessions, and it helps to participants

to look the complete question and it system.

Dynamic thinking tools:
In this tool, fishbone diagram is the very effective tool
for dynamic thinking method like
casual loop diagrams that describes event
patterns by feedback loops, and may the area which are giving such dynamics.

The important role played by feedback loop is under pinning system thinking

which focuses by definition review of system thinking towards the effective

writers covers, Sweeney, Sterman, Richmiond
(Sebokwiki, 2018).
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Reading samples Learning
outcome # 2
Learnings from your weekly study, experience, this and
prior unit readings and assignments
Supporting
documentation
including any
prior learning

Figure: Behaviour Over Timegraph

Behaviours over time graph: The diagram is used to graph the
behaviour of every variable over time and gets insights about

relationship between each other. BOT diagrams are also called

reference mode diagrams; it covers current, past and future behaviour.

Casual loop diagram: It considers how variables in the methods are
interred connected with each other by using effect and cause

connections. It helps in considering reinforcing process that calculates

balance and changes
Levine, 2007).
System Archetype: The diagram helps in managing and recognising
normal behaviour of system patterns like shifting the burden, drifting

the objectives, limitation on success, fail and fixes and many others. It’s

also recurring and compelling the history of business dynamics.

Structural thinking tools
: The tools are used by building blocks for computer
system depending tools. They are very effective in critical projects like tools

seem deeper of the behavioural structure and dynamics which are trying to

appreciate. Graphical functions diagrams are used in illuminate non linear

relationships between different variables, policy structure Behaviour of

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structure pairs connected to particular structure with the parallel structure. The

policy structure figures presents the process of decision making that considers

policies.

Figure: Structural thinking graph

Graphical function diagram: it captures the manner in which one
independent variable affects other one, by modify the relationship

between two among the whole range of required values. It is useful for

identifying the non linear relationship between variables.

Structure behaviour pair: It includes primary dynamic structure which
can serve as building blocks as well to develop the models of computer.

For example, delays smooth, exponential growth, oscillations and S

shaped growth etc
Kerzner &Kerzner, 2017).
Policy structure diagram: It is the principle map of decision making
power which includes the organisation. It concentrates on the factors

which are focuses on every decision that are used to make a library of

original structures.

Computer based tools:
Building model computer based techniques and tools
ensure that it stimulates and used to develop very communicative decision

making games and includes a rich environment of learning. The management

flight stimulator gives a user friendly and interactive interface with mangers to

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Reading samples Learning
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Learnings from your weekly study, experience, this and
prior unit readings and assignments
Supporting
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including any
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develop experiment with the particular model. This is achieved by learning

laboratory to test mental models and hypothesis designed to develop group and

individual learning.

Computer model: It translates all identified relationships with relevant
to mathematical and statistical equations. With the help of this

technique it is run to policy analyses by number of simulations

Management flight simulator: It gives flight training to managers with
the help of interactive computer games that is depends on the

computer based models. Users can easily consider the long term

situations of decisions by making strategies and formulating decisions

depends on certain strategies.

Learning laboratory: It is a practice field of manager and it is equal to
sports group experience that combines active experimentation with

discussions and reflection. It uses all systems thinking tools from

double Q diagrams to MFSs
Kerzner, 2004).
References

Kerzner, H. (2004). Advanced project management: Best practices on implementation. John Wiley & Sons.
Kerzner, H., &Kerzner, H. R. (2017). Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons.
Levine, H. A. (2007). Project portfolio management: a practical guide to selecting projects, managing portfolios, and maximizing benefits. John Wiley
& Sons.

Sebokwiki.org. (2018). SEBoK. [online] Available at:
http://www.sebokwiki.org/wiki/Guide_to_the_Systems_Engineering_Body_of_Knowledge_(SEBoK) [Accessed 23 Mar. 2018].

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