This assignment presents a detailed case study on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D). It begins with an introduction to diabetes, defining it as a metabolic disease characterized by inadequate insulin production or cellular resistance to insulin. The report delves into the epidemiology of T2D, citing global prevalence data from the World Health Organization and the International Diabetes Federation, highlighting the increasing prevalence, particularly in developing countries. It explores risk factors like obesity, sedentary lifestyles, and dietary habits. The pathophysiology section explains the mechanisms of insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and the role of beta-cell dysfunction, including the feedback loop between insulin-sensitive tissues and the pancreas. The report then discusses the management and nursing care of T2D, emphasizing the importance of restoring carbohydrate metabolism to normal levels and preventing complications. It covers self-monitoring of blood glucose, HbA1c testing, medication (including metformin and insulin), lifestyle modifications like exercise and diet, and patient education. It also addresses potential complications such as cardiovascular diseases, cognitive dysfunction, and immune dysfunction. The report provides a comprehensive overview of T2D, its causes, and its management.