Detailed Report on Teaching, Learning, and Assessment Strategies

This report provides a detailed analysis of teaching, learning, and assessment strategies. It emphasizes the importance of promoting appropriate behavior, respect, and equality among students, alongside establishing a safe and inclusive learning environment. The report outlines points of referral to meet learner requirements, including organizational systems and external agencies. It also discusses the significance of identifying individual learner needs through initial and diagnostic assessments, utilizing methods such as CV reviews, interviews, and application forms. Furthermore, the report delves into setting individual learning goals, planning teaching strategies, and assessing the effectiveness of assessment methods in meeting student needs. Various communication methods used by tutors, along with their advantages and disadvantages, are also explored, culminating in a comprehensive overview of effective teaching and learning practices.

Teaching , learning and
assessment

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
4.1 Importance of promoting appropriate behaviour and respect for others..........................1
4.2 Promoting equality in diversity among students..............................................................2
4.3 Establishing a safe and an inclusive learning environment..............................................2
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
1.4 Points of referral to accomplish the requirements of learner...........................................3
2.1Important of finding and accomplishment of individuals needs of learner.......................4
2.2 Role and use initial and diagnostic assessment ...............................................................4
2.3 Methods of initial and diagnostic assessment .................................................................5
2.4 Individual learning goals of learners................................................................................5
TASK 5............................................................................................................................................6
3.3 Meeting individual needs though planning......................................................................6
6.2 Effectiveness of methods used for assessment on meeting individual needs of students11
TASK 7..........................................................................................................................................13
5.2 Different types of communication methods used by tutors and their advantages as well as
disadvantages........................................................................................................................13
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................16
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................18
Books and Journals...............................................................................................................18

INTRODUCTION
Teaching, leaning and assessment is considered as an important activity to be taken into
consideration by educational bodies in order to generate knowledge as well as skills on the part
of students. Conducting sessions for teaching and learning enables the students to gain
knowledge about a particular fact or matter which is followed by an assessment programme to be
scheduled by respective teachers. These training and learning programmes, followed by
assessment ensures a life changing and career developing path for concerned students.
Assessment conducted reflects the effectiveness of session undertaken through generated results.
The teaching sessions undertaken should be creative as well as effective enough in order to
generate required knowledge on the part of students.
TASK 1
4.1 Importance of promoting appropriate behaviour and respect for others
As a teacher, I consider it of utmost importance that the students should be provided with
effective guidance in order to behave in a well manner as well as treat each and every individual
with respect. Providing training as well as learning programmes to students and thus, improving
their behaviour would enable them to treat everyone with respect and establish a standard of
their image in the minds of others. In order to inculcate behavioural and respectful mannerism in
students, I have undertaken several ways in my teaching and learning programmes and the
importance of which is discussed in detail as below: Generation of moral education: As per my opinion, the adopted session of improving
behaviour and generating a sense of respect has ensured me to generate moral values on
the part of students. Performing group tasks: Enhanced behaviour as well as treating others with respect
would enable the students to perform group tasks in an effective as well as efficient
manner as this would ensure avoidance of any arguments and conflicts in between them.
 Equal treatment to others: Behavioural and respecting standards adopted would enable
the students to develop a sense of equality for all the other members involved in session
as well as in society.
s1

4.2 Promoting equality in diversity among students
There are numerous students attending the training and learning session provided by me
in which each student has a different learning as well as understanding aspect. As a tutor, it is
my responsibility to provide required knowledge to each and every student as per their
requirements. So, I have initiated some steps or ways which would assist me to treat every
individual student as well as their academic needs in an equal manner. These ways are discussed
as follows: Recognising needs: It is essential for me to recognise the additional support needed to be
given to different students which I have analysed through their performance in the last
test conducted by me. I have categorised students as per their grades and started teaching
each group in accordance with their requirements. Provision of additional resources: I have provided my students with additional learning
sources other than their books which would enable them to understand the knowledge
shared in an effective manner. These additional resources provided by me includes a
power point presentation which has enabled me to adopt this leaning and training session
in an enhanced as well as in a creative manner.
 Involvement of learners: Involving in an activity is the best way of learning and
understanding facts about a particular matter. As a result of this known fact, I have
encouraged participation on the part of students in discussion sessions undertaken during
the process of learning and teaching programme (Puspitasari, 2016).
Thus, these are the ways which have enabled me to provide equal training session to each
student in accordance with their diversity of understanding related facts or matters of the
programme.
4.3 Establishing a safe and an inclusive learning environment
The teaching session adopted by me should be taken into consideration by ensuring
safety for students and an inclusive environment undertaken in order to educate them. In order to
establish a safe learning environment for students, I have undergone the following mentioned
ways:
 I have planned various activities to be undertaken during a training session as per the
legal requirements mandatory to be fulfilled in order to ensure a safe learning
environment.
s2

 I have ensured that the environment where a training programme has been initiated is
safe as per health related matters of students.
 The students are provided with well-equipped classrooms with table, chairs and other
required instruments in order to conduct learning and training session in an efficient way.
With a view of providing an inclusive training and learning session, I have ensured the
following factors to be taken into consideration.
 An inclusive environment requires participation to be generated on the part of each and
every student attending session. I have panned group negotiating activities with reference
to same.
 I have planned to manage activities of students that they are required to perform during
the learning sessions undertaken.
 I have decided to provide effective guidance to students whenever they may face any
challenges while understanding a fact about the training provided (Polly and Pugalee,
2016).
TASK 2
1.4 Points of referral to accomplish the requirements of learner.
Learner requirements in education and training can be fulfilled through various points of
referral which are applied by organization at workplace. As senior staff member, there is duty of
care towards the learner attending the training. Requirements of learner will be meet out through
some important ways which are mentioned below:
Organisation systems: It implies to the systems which is used by the teacher to meet the
requirements of learner. It is analysed that learner will requirement to achieve theory along
with the practical knowledge in teaching for professional development (Wilson, 2014). By
providing tutorial support, effective administration, providing learning support and starting
the students service the organisation will be able to meet the requirements of learner.
External agencies: There are various external services that could be sourced. Specialist in field of
learner can be sourced which will provide knowledge to the learner and able to solve the
problems (Arends, 2012). Government has also developed some agencies which are also
responsible to provide learning and resolution of problems. Professional can also be hired
which have major experience in the field and able to teach the students. For example:
s3

Solicitors are hired by universities to provide learning on some specific cases to the law
students and solving their doubts.
2.1Important of finding and accomplishment of individuals needs of learner.
The learner needs to be assessed as an individual from the onset in order to be aware
about their special learning requirements. If the learner in the organisation has any of these
requirements then it is to provide them specialist support from the specialist field. It is an
important to analyse the requirements of learner in order to provide them motivation towards
learning. Through this, they will feel a sense of personal, active engagement with the material
apart from passive, just show the kind of class. As per Gardner and Gardner, (2012), teacher
will be able to identify the requirements of learner by planning an inclusive learning program for
the students in which they will be able to ask question from individuals to analyse their
perspectives. By understanding their motivation towards getting education, requirements of
learner will be identified. For example: A motivated and enthusiastic learner will have high
expectations towards education whereas less motivated person will have an expectation of
getting passing marks. Moreover, kolb's learning styles can also be used by teacher to identify
the ways through individuals will be able to get learning.
Moreover, in order to meet the requirements of learners, it is essential for teacher to
develop a prior knowledge about the subjects for resolving the problems of students. They also
need to develop wide skills such as conceptual skills, communication skills, problems solving
skills and leadership skills etc. They also need to identify the goals of students in order to
provide them training for increase their skills, knowledge and ability.
2.2 Role and use initial and diagnostic assessment
Initial assessment can be refereed to the check of individuals prior skills, knowledge and
understanding which is undertaken by professionals at the beginning of the programme. It is also
considered as important method used for acquiring learners prior understanding in the subject
that needs to be undertaken and allows the tutors to be able to use this information as means of
selection (Race, 2014). It provides an indication of what other specific needs the leaner will
require in order to achieve success. Moreover, diagnostic tests are undertaken to provide the
tutor an understanding of the various levels on which the learner will be working too. It plays an
important role in providing education because it highlights key areas in which the students will
require an extra support such as help with the Maths and English. Further, Strengths and
s4

Weaknesses of learner will play an important part towards development of significant
knowledge and skills. Throughout this process the equality and diversity will ensure that every
individual will get an equal opportunity to get success in this area. SMART objectives will
ensure the learners to continue towards development and maintenance of continuous progress.
They can also provide the baseline in order to facilitate the teachers with the relevant knowledge
to measure the individual's strengths and Weaknesses. This important information will then be
included in the students learning plan so that it can be addressed as necessary.
2.3 Methods of initial and diagnostic assessment
Below given are some important methods which are used for initial and diagnostic
assessment of learners such as:
CV: It is also considered as portfolio of individual which consists all the information such as
qualification, ability, knowledge, skills and career objectives. Initial assessment of
individuals skills can be accomplished by taking a review of their portfolio.
Interview: By taking an face to face interview of learners and asking questions, tutor will be
able to get information about their skills, knowledge and behaviour towards the subjects
(Handler, 2013).
Application form: These are the forms which are filled up by students at the time of taking
admission for the course (Oxford, 2016). Review of application form will also provide an
analysis about the knowledge and understanding of learners.
Training needs analysis: it is an important method of diagnostic assessment because it helps the
tutor to analyse the key specific areas in which the learner needs to get training and steps
must be taken to fulfil the requirements of learner.
Individual learning programme: Important method that implies to the development of
individual learning programme which involves some important activities which are
organised for students by tutor. Through this, learner will be able to get understanding about
the motivation and understanding of learners.
2.4 Individual learning goals of learners.
Setting the realistic goals, make a plan for teaching and capturing the achievement of
learners towards these objectives are integral to effective literacy training. As per (Bender,
2012), learner in the organisation have the rights to develop their own learning goals and they
are entitled to know how they are getting progress. They also need to get regular feedback on
s5

their progress towards the goals that makes learning more effective for the learners, tutors and
organization. In this context, the tutor can record the progress and goals of learners by providing
them opportunities to talk about their learning. They would also involve the learners in
development of their own learning programme (Schmeck, 2013). Moreover, tutors can also
adjust the content or the delivery in order to accomplish the needs of individuals. ILP (individual
learning programme) is also important ways through which the tutors will be able to identify and
record the goals of students along with keeping record of the skills they have developed. They
can also enable the learner to align the skills with those required for their next steps for
example : work role, further education or training and family role etc.
TASK 5
3.3 Meeting individual needs though planning
The training session adopted involves providing knowledge to students in more effective
way, which is suitable as well as acceptable by them. With the training as well as learning
sessions undertaken, the basic objective to be achieved is to generate a skilled based knowledge
to respective students. In order to achieve the same, it is important to analyse as well as
understand the requirement of training for different individuals. The behaviour and
understanding level of a particular fact differs from person to person. An individual or a group of
individual students, may understand the matters to be discussed in the session, through a
theoretical presentation to be provided to them. Whereas, the other individuals or group of
individual students may gain enhanced knowledge of a fact discussed through a visualised access
to certain facts. Accordingly, the training and developmental programmes must be planned, in
order to generate desired results in assessment programme to be undertaken (Martin and Polly,
2015).
Learners Learning plans Learning resources
Reading based learners:
These are those learners, who
understand a particular fact by
a mere explanation of which is
provided to them by their
The learning needs of this
group of individual students
require to be fulfilled by
providing an enhanced as well
as effective sharing of
In order to undertake an
effective training and learning
session for this type of
students, a reference book can
be used to provide knowledge
s6

tutors, during the lecture. In
general terms, this group of
individuals can gain the
discussed knowledge in the
learning sessions itself. No
further explanation is needed
to be provided to them,
knowledge by respective tutors
during the classroom sessions.
The training activity must be
planned in such a way that, it
concludes all the questions that
may arise in the minds of
students during this process is
being conducted.
such as text books, workbooks
and handmade notes.
Visualised type of learners:
These type of learners are
those group of individuals,
who can develop
understanding of a training
activity through a visualised
form of explanation provided
to them. In other words, this
types of students requires
visual access to a particular
fact6 or matter that are to be
discussed during the learning
and training sessions.
With a view of planning a
training and learning session to
this type of learners, the
teachers are required to plan a
visualised session, where
students can visually see the
perceptions that are required to
be understood by the children.
A fact or matter that is
explained in visualised form
enables the students to
understand each and every of
them in a more effective
manner. Visualised types of
learners are those learners who
are able to learn a session if a
particular fact is discussed
with them in a practical
manner.
The resources that can be used
by tutors in order to provide a
practical or visualised learning
as well as training session for
students include power point
presentation and a video
presentation on projector. A
presentation highlights each
and every fact, which is useful
as well as important for
learners, with the help bulletin
points. A visualised type of
training and learning
programme arranged for
students, ensures a clear
understanding and
remembering of each points in
well manner.
TASK 6
6.1 Different types of assessments used in education and training
s7

The effectiveness of learning and training session can be measured with the help of
assessment methods used by the teachers, which clearly reflects their knowledge as well as skills
generated from training programme conducted. A tutor can conduct assessment session with the
help of various methods or approaches available for the same. A table representing the same is
presented as below:
Types of assessments Uses
Formative assessment This type of assessment is a formal test
conducted by teachers, in order to evaluate
their performance and provide effective
grades which reflect their performance. This
type of assessment may be conducted by
teachers in a month interval, which enables
them to determine whether the learning
session conducted is effective enough or not.
Summative assessment Summative assessments are the most formal
type of assessment criteria that can be
adopted by teachers. These tests are
conducted annually, which clearly reflects the
overall performance of learners in accordance
with the training and learning programme
adopted. The grades generated by conducting
a summative assessment for students, enables
the teachers to clearly evaluate in detail about
the effectiveness of steps undertaken by them,
with respect to providing good learning
session to students (Tarighat and
Khodabakhsh, 2016).
Project works This type of assessment to be conducted is the
most modern way of assessing the
performance of students. A project is
s8

assigned to learners by their tutors, which
includes several questionnaires or tasks that
are to be answered by them as per their
understanding of a particular fact discussed in
training as well as learning session. This
enables the students to reflect their
understanding, view as well as prospect of a
particular fact that has to be answered. Project
works carry marks, which are to be assigned
by teachers, as per the answers provided by
students.
Assignments Assignments are more similar to project
works. The major difference between both is
that projects can be assigned by teachers as a
group activity to be performed by students,
whereas, assignment is to be prepared by an
individual student only, which enable the
teachers to derive as well as evaluate the
performance of each and every student
separately. Likewise, projects, assignment
also includes questions that are to be
answered by students individually a and
reflects the learning outcomes that have been
generated as a result of learning and training
session adopted by educational institutes and
respective teachers.
Verbal discussions An oral discussion with students, during the
process of training session, enables tutors top
determine, whether the programme of
learning is effective or not, whether, students
s9

are able to understand the fats that have been
discussed in conducted session. This enables
them to inculcate any required changes for
students. The oral discussion session enables
teachers to understand level of learning as
well as understanding of each individual
learner separately. Also, this assessment
method involves active participation on the
part of students.
Individual reflection This type of assessment approach used by
tutors requires the students to reflect their
views as well as opinions on topics or facts
that have been discussed in learning and
training session. This is preferred a the most
effective for of assessment to be conducted
by teachers as it involves individual opinions
of understandings generated through the
sessions.
Practical observation The students may asked y teachers to perform
a practical observation or the learning’s
generated from training sessions, which
clearly reflects the performance as well as
effectiveness of conducted programme.
Small group activities The tutor may arrange small activities for
group of individual learners attending the
session. These activities should be in
reference to the learning and training
programme conducted and matters or topics
included in it. This activity allows teachers to
evaluate and generate participation of each
s10

student in the session. It also allows the
teacher to create a learning environment in
more effective way for students.
Diagnostic assessment This type of assessment method examines or
assesses strengths as well as weakness of
every individual student, before a formal
assessment criteria is used by the teachers. It
is a kind of pre assessment method, which
enables the tutors to evaluate skills and
knowledge generated on the part of each
learner and thus, plan extra sources of
referencing for them accordingly.
Criterion referenced assessment As per this type of assessment approach, the
teachers are required to set goals and targets
to be achieved for each individual learner,
which enables the tutors to measure actual
performance of students with desired
performance. It further assists teachers to
develop new effective as well as creative
ways of teaching that can help students to
reach the target.
6.2 Effectiveness of methods used for assessment on meeting individual needs of students
A training and learning session is undertaken by an institution and respective teachers
with a view of meeting individual requirement of students. Requirements to be fulfilled on the
part of students include, developing skills, enhancing broad knowledge, personality
development, good communicational skills, career development, good understanding of tasks to
be performed, etc. all these together completes an individual requirements and prepare them for
their challenges in respective professional lives. The above mentioned methods or approaches
used by teachers in order to assess the performance of students attending the training and
s11

learning sessions is useful for both learners as well as tutors. It enables the teachers to evaluate
effectiveness of programme conducted for student6s, whereas, on the part of learners, it ensures
them to generate efficient skill and knowledge for their career development (Pugalee and Raja,
2015). The effectiveness of assessment methods used in accordance with individual training
needs are explained in detail as follows: Identification of strengths and weakness: The assessment model used enables teachers
to determine and recognise strong and weak areas of each individual student.
Accordingly, a learning session is planned with additional resources for weak students
separately, as per their training requirements. Generation of effective skills: Training and developmental session ensures generation of
enhanced skills on the part of students. The basic object of undertaking learning and
training programme is to develop skills in learners and prepare them for their future
challenges. Thus, an effective assessment model adopted by tutors indicate generation of
skills on the part of students attending session. Personality development: Learning and training session initiated, leads to an enhanced
personality developed on the part of those who have attended it in an effective way.
Different types of assessment methods used by tutors ensures participation of learners in
each activity, which further develops self confidence and positive attitude in individuals.
All these together leads to personality development achieved by learners through
conducted learning session (Costel and Stefan, 2015). Motivational factor: An individual's greatest requirement is motivation to perform a
particular activity. The assessment model initiated by tutors, acts as a performance
appraisal as well as guidance for students, which further motivates them to attend the
learning and training programme in more effective way. In other words, learners are
motivated to perform well by undertaking training session. Thinking skills: An effective assessment model undertaken enables each and every
individual student to think critically about each and every aspect discussed in the session.
The assessment models requires students to answer each questionnaire or task included
in more effective and reflective way, which requires learners to think critically on all the
matters discussed in session.
s12

 Generation of good writing skills: Almost, all the assessment methods used by teachers,
requires the learners to answer asked questions in more effective way of writing. In
general terms, the models used for assessment of student's performance requires good
writing skills on the part of learners, inn order to score good grades in tests or
assessments conducted. Career developmental needs: An assessment model adopted is followed by producing
score cards or grade sheet for each individual student attending the training and learning
session. These grade cards are prepared by teachers which includes overall evaluation
and performance off a students during a particular academic year. These score cards acts
as a proof of effective learning undertaken by students, which enables them to seek
employment in their desired field or area, which clearly indicates career development of
that individual.
 Developing meta cognitive skills: Meta cognitive skill is referred to as the ability to
understand thinking of another individual. The assessment model used by teachers
enables them to understand the level of thinking for each individual student and
accordingly, provide them with an understandable session of learning, thus, fulfilling
different individual requirements of training. The meta cognitive skills are developed on
the part of tutors through the assigned projects, assignments or tasks to be performed.
These assessment models reflects high order to critical thinking adopted by students and
thus, ensures providing feedback for improvement in performance wherever required
(Stanca and Olteanu, 2015).
All these together constitute effectiveness generated from the training and learning
sessions adopted by teachers, which clearly indicates its efficiency in fulfilling learning
requirements of students, thus, improving their performance. The assessment models adopted
produces reports to be prepared by tutors, which clearly includes all data regarding the activities
or tasks performed by each student separately.
s13

TASK 7
5.2 Different types of communication methods used by tutors and their advantages as well as
disadvantages
Communication is the core essential of every activity undertaken by an individual.
Without communicating, a task or job assigned is incapable of achieving the desired results from
that activity. A teaching and learning session adopted by tutors requires a good communication
of facts to be developed between students and teachers. In general terms, the teaching
programme conducted should involve effective development of communicational channels
between the learners and tutors. A communicational channel refers to the mode through which
teachers are required to provide knowledge about particular aspects to the students, thus, an
effective selection of this mode of communication is considered as the driving force of success
for a particular session adopted by tutors (Cruz and Assar, 2014). An effective process of
communication requires active participation on the part of both receiver and sender of the
message. In the context of teaching and learning process, teachers are considered as sender of
message, i.e. information, and students are considered as receiver of message, i.e. knowledge.
The different types of communication methods used in teaching and learning are explained in
detail as follows:
 Piaget's theory of communication: The Piaget's theory of communication deals with
developing cognitive skills in children. Cognitive skills refers to the ability of students to
understand and evaluate the process of information undertaken during the teaching
session. In general terms, these thinking skills enables the learners to develop attention
and good memory power. This theory is the first kind of theory adopted for
communicating in learning and teaching process. The basic advantages of this methods
are:
 It enables the teachers to evaluate performance of students on the basis of their
quality, rather than grades scored in exams or tests conducted.
 It is clearly focused on overall development of each and every individual student
attending the programme, rather than on mere learning sessions.
The major disadvantage to be considered in the context of this communicational model is that, it
is designed and suitable only for children, not for adults (Piaget's communication model, 2015).
s14

 Vark's questionnaire theory: This theory of communication to be adopted in the
teaching and learning session, is associated with preparation of questionnaires that are to
be answered by students. In general terms, the communication process as per the Vark's
questionnaire model requires teachers to generate a certain questions, which students are
required to provide effective replies in accordance with their knowledge generated from
learning session. This question and answer mechanism enables the tutors ans learners to
communicate about the aspects that have been discussed and learning outcomes
generated from that session (Kristiawan and Asvio, 2016). The major advantages of this
type of communication theory adopted by tutors are:
 It generates high order critical thinking on the part of individuals, as the questionnaire
prepared by teachers include twisted or reflective questions, which requires learners
to develop their own view or thinking about a particular aspect.
 It is considered as most easiest as well as effective mode of communication between
teachers and learners.
The major disadvantage recognised for this theory of communication is that, it does not
involves any verbal communication between tutors and learners, it only involves written
communication.
 Basil Bernstein theory of communication: As per this theory of communication model
to be adopted in teaching and learning programmes, language is recognised as the
primary source of communication between tutors and students. Many communicational
activities witnesses failures due to the language barriers that may occur during a
communicational process. As per this model a common language code is to be
developed by teachers which remains between them and their respective students. It
includes the languages used by the group of individuals everyday and form certain codes
relating to the same (Somawati and Ardika, 2018). The basic advantages include
 It enables teachers to improve performance of poor students in language based
subjects.
 Understanding a language subject, ensures students to determine the meaning as well
as significance of the words that they are speaking in their daily lives.
s15

The major drawback of this method of communication is that it is suitable only for language
subjects, not for other theoretical and practical subjects.
 Vygotsky theory of communication: This type of communicational model adopted by
tutors, requires them to perform those activities which they are expecting to be performed
by their respective students. This is considered as the most effective way of
communication in today's educational environment. The aspects or facts that are
explained by teachers need to be practically performed by teachers, as this model states
that an individual learns more by having a visualised access to a particular fact or matter
to be understood (Kusnadi and Aryantha, 2017). This model is associated with numerous
advantages such as
 It enables the students to have a visual understanding about a particular fact, which is
considered as the most effective as well as efficient way of understanding and
learning.
 Also, it is easy for students to inculcate what they see in their performance.
The major disadvantage associated with this type of communication theory is that, it is
more complex for teachers to be efficient enough in performing certain tasks to be understand by
learners, thus, this indicates deficiency on the part of tutors.
The above mentioned are four major communication model or theories that can be
adopted by teachers in order to communicate various aspects of learning and teaching session.
Other than these models, different modes or methods of communication that can be used in the
context of learning session include power point presentation, video presentation, lectures, etc.
All these can be used collectively by teachers in order to undertake an effective as well as
efficient learning and training programme conducted by them for students (Liao and Liao, 2015).
CONCLUSION
The present report concludes a detailed discussion about the methods that can be used in
order to conduct an effective as well as efficient teaching, learning and training programme for
learners. It reflects the importance of behaviour and self respect to be developed on the part of
students, as it enables learner to develop a positive personality, thus, leading to personality
development. It evaluates in detail about the inclusive methods of teaching to be adopted by
tutors. The report states different individual needs of learning and enables teachers to plan a
s16

session as per their need or requirement. It evaluates the plans for different learners and the
resources that are to be used for different learners. The report also concludes the effectiveness of
assessment models used by teachers to evaluate performance of respective students. There are
different communicational theories that are required to be adopted by teachers in order to
communicate intended message or kn0wledge to desired candidates.
s17

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Bender, T., 2012. Discussion-based online teaching to enhance student learning: Theory,
practice and assessment. Stylus Publishing, LLC.
Arends, R.I., 2012. Learning to teach. McGraw-Hill Companies.
Costel, S. and Stefan, G., 2015. Measures of transforming summative assessment in formative
assessment in evaluation students activities in Constanta Maritime University.
Considerations about formative feedback. Universitatii Maritime Constanta. Analele.
16(23). p.181.
Cruz, Y. and Assar, S., 2014. Technology acceptance and actual use with mobile leraning: first
stage for studying the influence of learning styles on the behavioral intention.
Gardner, J.N. and Gardner, J. eds., 2012. Assessment and learning. Sage.
Handler, L., 2013. The importance of teaching and learning personality assessment. In Teaching
and learning personality assessment (pp. 35-62). Routledge.
Kristiawan, A. and Asvio, N., 2016. The Implementation Of Affective Assessment For Islamic
Education In High School 1 Pariangan. Research Journal of Social Sciences. 9(4). pp.1-8.
Kusnadi, K. and Aryantha, I. N. P., 2017, September. Enhancing Scientific Inquiry Literacy of
Prospective Biology Teachers through Inquiry Lab Project in Microbiology. In Journal of
Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 895, No. 1, p. 012136). IOP Publishing.
Liao, C. W. and Liao, T. K., 2015. Develop scientific inquiry integrating into project practice
teaching of innovative curriculum for vocational high school. International Journal of
Information and Education Technology. 5(5). p.391.
Martin, C. S. and Polly, D., 2015. Using the AMC Anywhere Web-Based Assessment System to
Examine Primary Students' Understanding of Number Sense. In Cases on technology
integration in mathematics education (pp. 365-377). IGI Global.
Oxford, R.L., 2016. Teaching and researching language learning strategies: Self-regulation in
context. Taylor & Francis.
s18

Polly, D. and Pugalee, D. K., 2016. Primary grades teachers’ instructional decisions during
online mathematics professional development activities. Early Childhood Education
Journal. 44(3). pp.275-287.
Pugalee, D. and Raja, S., 2015, March. Teachers' Decision Making Using Data from Online
Assessment Recording System. In Society for Information Technology & Teacher
Education International Conference (pp. 2754-2757). Association for the Advancement of
Computing in Education (AACE).
Puspitasari, I., 2016. LANGUAGE ASSESSMENT FOR DEAF AND/OR HARD OF
HEARING (D/HH) STUDENTS IN INCLUSIVE CLASS.
Race, P., 2014. The lecturer's toolkit: a practical guide to assessment, learning and teaching.
Routledge.
Schmeck, R.R. ed., 2013. Learning strategies and learning styles. Springer Science & Business
Media.
Somawati, N. P. and Ardika, I. W. D., 2018, January. Task-based language teaching: how it is
implemented effectively?. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 953, No. 1, p.
012075). IOP Publishing.
Stanca, C. and Olteanu, A., 2015. Measures of transforming the summative assessment in
formative assessment in students activities evaluation at Constanta Maritime University.
Karabük Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 5(1).
Tarighat, S. and Khodabakhsh, S., 2016. Mobile-assisted language assessment: assessing
speaking. Computers in Human Behavior. 64. pp.409-413.
Wilson, L., 2014. Practical Teaching: A guide to teaching in the education and training sector.
Cengage Learning.
Online
Piaget's communication model. 2015 [online] Available through
.<https://www.simplypsychology.org/piaget.html>.
s19

s20