Analyzing Team Effectiveness and Leadership Theories in Organizations

This essay provides a comprehensive analysis of organizational change and management, focusing on the critical elements that contribute to effective teamwork and the evaluation of leadership theories in today's organizational environment. It discusses the importance of communication, commitment, and respect within teams, referencing Tuckman's Team Development Model and the GRPI Model of Team Effectiveness. The essay also evaluates the democratic leadership theory, highlighting its value in promoting employee involvement and job satisfaction, while also acknowledging its limitations in crisis situations and decision-making speed. The analysis includes a case study of Tesco plc, examining how democratic leadership can enhance staff productivity, build strong teams, and improve company value, ultimately contributing to the company's goals and vision. The essay concludes by emphasizing the significance of effective leadership in navigating organizational changes and maintaining a competitive advantage.

ORGANIZATIONAL
CHANGE AND
MANAGEMENT

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
QUESTIONS...................................................................................................................................3
1. Critically evaluating the important elements that help a group or a team to function
effectively in the context of work and the organization..............................................................3
2. Evaluating the one of the leadership theory in term of its value in today organizational
environment.................................................................................................................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9
APPENDIX....................................................................................................................................10
Tuckman's Team Development Model......................................................................................10
GRPI Model Of Team Effectiveness.........................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Organization changes refer to the process of planning and implementing the changes in
the company in such way that reduce the cost of the organization, minimize the employees'
opposition, and maximize the employees' effectiveness (Angieri, 2019). It is a process of
managing changes in the organization and full fill the company goal by adjusting according the
new trends. Organization management is process of supporting employees during the changing
in the company and supporting them.
Tesco plc is multinational groceries and retail company, headquarter in Welwyn garden,
England. It is the third largest retailer in the world measuring by their revenue.
The current study will explain about evaluating the important element that make the
group function effectively in the context of work and Tesco plc. Evaluating one of the leadership
theory in term of its value in today organizational environment.
QUESTIONS
1. Critically evaluating the important elements that help a group or a team to function effectively
in the context of work and the organization
A team is referred as a group of people who are guided to perform specific tasks
collaboratively in order to achieve a common goal or objective. A group or a team may be
effectively operated with the help of several elements and aspects which may have a significant
impact on the management and organization of the overall teams (Baran, Filipkowski &
Stockwell, (2019). The elements may be helpful in improving the existing performance of the
team and may help the organization to reach the aims and objectives effectively. There may be
different elements which may form a group which are as follows:
Communication
A strong team may be build by having effective communication between the employees
which may be helpful for them to coordinate appropriately and achieve the targets on efficiently.
It may be helpful for the organization to boost the motivation levels and morale of the employees
in order to increase their engagement towards the decision making of their team.
Commitment
It is one of the most important element of preparing an effective team as when the
employees may be connected with the mission and purpose of an organization, they tend to show
better results and enhance the performance of the team (Opatrny-Yazell, Solon & Houseworth,

(2020)). It may help them to reduce the negative impact of the challenges faced by them while
working in a group.
Respect
Mutual respect is one of the primary aspect of any team as it may help the members to
increase their overall productivity and their interest to contribute with their full potential towards
the pre-determined objectives. The members might feel valued when they are given the due
respect and have a sense of esteem which may help them to grow as individuals.
The Tuckman's model may be an effective framework which may used to enhance the
performance of a team or group of individuals (Tuckman: Forming, Storming, Norming,
Performing model, 2022). It may be helpful for the team to grow and increase their effectiveness.
The model may consists of five steeps which may explain the process of how a team may
function in order to increase their overall productivity to gain competitive advantage. The stages
of the models are as follows:
Forming:
Under this step a group of people meet to form a team and rules and formalities are set in
order to work collaboratively (By, Kuipers & Procter, (2018)). The members may be treated as
strangers and may find difficulties to cooperate with one another.
Storming:
In this steep, the team members start communicating and understanding the behaviours of
one another which may help them to effectively work with each other. There is still some
hesitation among the members, and they may act as individuals rather than the group.
Norming:
The members may start connecting with each other and developing trust on their partners
for completing the tasks collaboratively. It may be useful for the leaders to improve the
communication among employees in order to increase their motivation levels.
Performing:
here the team works in an open and trustworthy environment where the employees are
trusted by their leaders and team members. A flexible work environment may be developed
under this step which may be useful for the member to enhance their overall productivity.
Adjourning

In this step the team may conduct an assessment of the overall performance of the
employees in a year and identify the issues which may arise while managing the people (Liao &
Ai Lin Teo (2018)). It may be useful for the team in order to make effective changes in their
current strategy which may help to enhance their overall productivity.
The Rubin, Plovnick, and Fry's GRPI Model of Team Effectiveness may be another
approach which may be effective in explaining how the team may work effectively in the context
of work and organization. The theory may contain four stages:
Goals:
The well defined objectives of the team may be decided and clearly communicated in
disorder to meet them effectively.
Roles:
The duties and responsibilities of every member and leader of the team may be well
defined ion order to reduce the possibility of confusion and errors.
Processes:
A clear and transparent decision making process may be helpful for the team to increase
their effectiveness.
Interpersonal relationships
Good communication, trust and respond among the group members may be helpful in
achieving the target effectively and increase their productivity to perform better.
These models or theories may be effective for a team to get better understanding of their
roles and the targets. It may be helpful in improve their self-confidence and motivation in order
to achieve the target effectively (Hanelt & et.al. (2021)). By adopting and performing the steps of
the theory the employees may be able to improve the effectiveness of their efforts in order to
gain competitive advantage in the industry and perform better to achieve success and growth.
The team may find difficulties in improving their efficiency if these aspects and elements are not
followed by them and it may reduce their overall productivity which may not be beneficial for
them to improve their current skills. These aspects may provide the members with better options
to formulate appropriate strategies for performing the crucial tasks in a better way and improving
the overall profitability of the business or the group them are connected with. The functioning of
team may be highly influenced by these factors, and they may have a significant impact on the
success of the team.

2. Evaluating the one of the leadership theory in term of its value in today organizational
environment
Leadership is an ability and skill of the individual to guide and influence their team
member and follower of the organization. Leadership theory define the process of explaining
how and why people become successful leader. They focus on traits and behaviours adopted by
the people to increasing their leadership quality. Leadership theory is important for leaders in the
world, because these theories explain about how leader tackle the situation and how they develop
these traits. Recently these theories have been more formalized so people can understand in easy
way and discuss and applying in the particular situation. There are some limitation of leadership
theory is that they only focus on short term goal and overlook long term goal. They are not
separate the specific traits that are use in leadership in different situation.
In today organization environment, democratic leadership theory help the organization
to improving their working condition and the value of the company. Democratic leadership style
is a participative leadership in where employees of the company or member in group take
participative roles in decision-making. It is organizational style that distribute power and
responsibility between the manager and employees to promote employees involvement in the
decision-making process. It is collaborative approach in decision-making, team member asked
their opinion about the upcoming projects, for new projects that all this activity give motivation
and belongingness to the employee (Dinh, 2021). This leadership style help the company to
solving the complex problems, enhance the job satisfaction between the employees, increase
honesty among the employees, enhance team knowledge, it enhances the tree flow of ideas, and
it also helps the company to create multiple solution to the particular problem. Democratic style
of leadership very important in today organization environment because every employee want
respect, recognition. This theory allows the employees to give their opinion, innovation ideas, in
the decision-making of the company. This step give employees motivation, confidence to do
same think productive for the company.
There are some negative aspects of this theory in the context of company is, this is not
effective in crises because the leader hear opinion from different employees so it is very difficult
for them to deciding without their team member, they might not feel confident about taking
decision. Another negative aspect of this theory is slow in taking decision-making because
leader require many people opinion for taking decision, and it will take lots of time to take

decision. So sometimes it will be delay in decision-making (Wright, 2021). Lack of expertise in
this leadership because leader take various opinion and suggestion from the employees,
employees have not capability and expertise to take right decision so it is very difficult to solving
the problem.
While critical evaluating of democratic leadership may be important for the Tesco plc
and present working environment to improving their working condition and achieving their goal.
It is important for company to searching employees talent and developing the employees' skill
but it is very difficult for find out each one talent and encouraging for their growth (bin Nordin,
2019). Leading changes is another issue for leader because it is uncertain. Leading team is
challenging task for the leader same time it is very difficult for them to handle the team so Its
create issue in the organization. Handling different aspect in organization at the same time create
conflict in company and it is the reason for increasing stress in employees. Leader is person who
handle the conflict and manage all the think and changes in the company but same time it creates
issue by loosing their responsibility about the organization.
Tesco is most profitable and largest chain of providing product in world. Improper
management of this company may lose their competitive advantages. Due to this reason it is very
important to adopt effective leadership style that help the Tesco plc to enjoying current position
again the competitors in the market. The company adopt democratic styles of leadership to
manage the company activity.
Various advantages arise in the context of applying democratic leadership theory in the
company is increase the staff productivity because this leadership motivates the employees'
engagement, employees happy when they know their opinion matter for the company. Build
strong team thought working together for the specific task, and they understand the importance
of strong team (Meyer, 2019) . This theory also increase the job satisfaction, the leader listen
their employees, it boosts the employees' morale. This theory also help the company to improve
awareness and company value through entire staff committed with the company. The leader
share vision, objective, mission, to the company member and every staff know about company
vision.
The democratic leadership theory adopted by the Tesco, this type leader give significant
contribution to the company and make it easy for the Tesco plc to set the company goal and
vision. Employees are the tools for the company to improving the performances it is necessary

for the company to take the best leadership to delegate authority to the member in all department
(Safonov, 2018) . Democratic leadership helps the employees to understand their job roles, what
their roles in the company that give motivation to the employees. This leadership style help the
company in current situation because every one wants recognition, position, respect. So this
leadership most important for every company to get achieve their goal.
Democratic leadership theory give chances the employees to put their effort in decision-
making and find out new and innovative idea which help to discover the solution of the problem.
this steps help the company to increase job satisfaction, create positive environment, reduce staff
turnover. Democratic leadership helps the leader to communicate among various team ad
department. Democratic leadership theory in current situation of Tesco company help the
employees, to participate in the decision-making, create new ideas which help the company to
generate new and create new think which differentiated their company from other in the market.
Putting democratic leadership at Tesco plc help to achieving their goal, and managing the
increasing competition, motivating the employees and maintaining the positive working
environment (Tourish , 2018).
CONCLUSION
On the basis of the above essay it has been concluded that with the help of specific
elements an organization may be able to effectively manage the teams and various groups in the
organization,. It has been beneficial for different to increase their productivity with the help of
these factors as they have a significant influence over the decision making and policy
formulation of the organization. With the help of an appropriate leadership theory the
organization has ben able to motivate their employees and increase its overall productivity in
order to increase its market share and gain competitive advantage in the industry.

REFERENCES
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Job Satisfaction of Special Education Integration Program (PPKI) Teachers in Johor,
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Online
Tuckman: Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing model. 2022. [Online]. Available Through:
<https://www.businessballs.com/team-management/tuckman-forming-storming-
norming-performing-model/>

APPENDIX
Tuckman's Team Development Model
GRPI Model Of Team Effectiveness