Designing an IP Addressing Scheme for Technology Centre Network

This report provides a detailed IP addressing scheme for the Technology Centre, utilizing the 180.16.0.0 subnet. It addresses the needs of a two-floor building with approximately 400 computers on the ground floor, 80 on the first floor (20 in each of four rooms), and 60 on the second floor. The design incorporates CIDR notation and considers future expansion, allowing for up to 512 hosts on the ground floor and 256 on the first and second floors, employing a /22 subnet mask. The report includes specific IP address allocations for each floor and room, as well as reserved IP addresses for routers and manageable switches. Furthermore, it discusses the use of Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM) to optimize address space utilization, highlighting the inefficiencies of a fixed subnet mask and providing alternative subnet configurations for each floor to minimize wasted addresses. The report also touches on routing protocols that support VLSM, such as RIPv2, OSPF, and BGP. Finally, the document includes references to relevant resources on IP addressing and network design.

Running head: NETWORKING
Networking
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author Note

1
NETWORKING
Task 3: IP Addressing Scheme
The report deals with description of the IP Addressing scheme for the Technology
Centre. It has been given the subnet to be used for the designing of the IP addresses in the
network is 180.16.0.0. In addition to the design of the IP addresses for the network, the
information about the routers and the manageable switches are also presented in the report.
The first part of this section would contain the overview of the Addressing Scheme for the
organization. The CIDR notations has been used here for the for the development of the IP
addressing scheme.
When designing a certain network for a certain organization, IP addressing scheme is
one of the basic requirements. IP addressing scheme enables the forwarding of packets from
one to another. By maintaining a good IP addressing scheme, it will enable a good flow of
protocols from one room to another and outside the organization network. As indicated in the
scenario, Technology Centre is two floors building organization with about 400 computers in
the ground floor, 80 computers in the first floor with 20 computers in each the four rooms,
and a capacity of sixty computers in the second floor. To cater for future expansion, this
paper will have a maximum of 512 host in the ground floor, where there is a lot of hosts, 256
hosts in the first floor, and 256 hosts in the second floor. Hence the /22 sub netting mask has
been used here for sub netting the network for the Technology Centre.
It is evident that technology Centre would be using the Class B addresses and henced
the mask of 255.255.0.0 is being used here. Hence this helped in deciding that the /22 mask is
to be used. This is as indicated by the following IPv4 table addresses with all the concerns of
Technology Centre with a CIDR notation. The IP addressing for the Technology centre is
provided in the table below:
Subnet Needed Allocated Address Mask Dec Mask Assignable Broadcast

2
NETWORKING
Name Size Size Range
Ground
Floor
400 510 180.16.0.0 /23 255.255.254.0
180.16.0.1 -
180.16.1.254
180.16.1.255
First
Floor
Room 1
20 30 180.16.2.0 /27 255.255.255.224
180.16.2.1 -
180.16.2.30
180.16.2.31
First
Floor
Room 2
20 30 180.16.2.32 /27 255.255.255.224
180.16.2.33 -
180.16.2.62
180.16.2.63
First
Floor
Room 3
20 30 180.16.2.64 /27 255.255.255.224
180.16.2.65 -
180.16.2.94
180.16.2.95
First
Floor
Room 4
20 30 180.16.2.96 /27 255.255.255.224
180.16.2.97 -
180.16.2.126
180.16.2.127
Second
Floor
Room 1
20 30 180.16.2.128 /27 255.255.255.224
180.16.2.129
-
180.16.2.158
180.16.2.159
Second
Floor
Room 2
20 30 180.16.2.160 /27 255.255.255.224
180.16.2.161
-
180.16.2.190
180.16.2.191
Second 20 30 180.16.2.192 /27 255.255.255.224 180.16.2.193 180.16.2.223

3
NETWORKING
Floor
Room 3
-
180.16.2.222
It is important to note that each device i.e. the routers and the manageable need to
have IP addresses this means one needs to preserve some IP addresses for these devices
which is as shown by the table below:
Device name Location Reserved IP address
Router-PT (Router 0) Ground Floor 180.16.0.1
Router-PT (Router 1) First Floor 180.16.2.2
Router-PT (Router 2) Second Floor 180.16.2.3
Switch-PT (Switch 0) Ground Floor 180.16.1.2
Switch-PT (switch 1) First Floor 180.16.2.1
Switch-PT (Switch 2) Second Floor 180.16.2.4
Task 4: Variable Length Subnet Mask
At times when one uses the same subnet mask in all the subnets it usually results in
wasting of address space. This is where Variable-Length Subnet Masking commonly known
as VLSM comes into play. This amounts to sub-netting subnets which allow network
engineers to divide an IP address into a hierarchy of subnets which contains different sizes.
This makes it possible to create subnets with different host counts without wasting large
numbers of IP addresses.
The networking administrator would be using the routing protocols that would be
supporting the VLSM. For one to use VLSM, the network administrator ought to use routing
protocol which supports VLSM. Some of the routing protocols which one can use are routing

4
NETWORKING
Information protocol v2 commonly known as RIPv2, Open Shortest Path First is commonly
known as OSPF, Border Gateway Protocol commonly known as BGP, or Open Shortest Path
First commonly known as OSPF. Network engineers use VLSM to perform three major
functions which are; first configuring loopback IP addresses, creating small subnets for the
WAN links, and to create a large subnet which is more 255 host addresses.
For the provided scenario there are around 1000 machines to be allocated in the
network setup. The statistics provided below can be considered for the network of the
scenario provided here:
Major Network: 180.16.0.0/22
Available IP addresses in major network: 1022
Number of IP addresses needed: 540
Available IP addresses in allocated subnets: 720
About 72% of available major network address space is used
About 75% of sub netted network address space is used
This proves that a huge of amount of addresses are being wasted in the network. The
table provided below denotes that wasted address.
Subnet Name Needed Size Allocated Size Wasted Size
Ground Floor 400 510 110
First Floor Room 1 20 30 10
First Floor Room 2 20 30 10
First Floor Room 3 20 30 10

5
NETWORKING
First Floor Room 4 20 30 10
Second Floor Room 1 20 30 10
Second Floor Room 2 20 30 10
Second Floor Room 3 20 30 10
The different subnets to be used for the different floors in the organization so that the
wasted address can be utilized.
The ground floor would be using the /23 subnet mask and the addresses from the network set
up is provided below:
Subnet
Name
Needed
Size
Allocated
Size
Address Mask Dec Mask
Assignable
Range
Broadcast
Ground
Floor
400 510 180.16.0.0 /23 255.255.254.0
180.16.0.1 -
180.16.1.254
180.16.1.255
In addition to this, the /25 network would be required for the first floor.
Subnet
Name
Needed
Size
Allocated
Size
Address Mask Dec Mask
Assignable
Range
Broadcast
First
Floor
20 30 180.16.2.0 /27 255.255.255.224 180.16.2.1 -
180.16.2.30
180.16.2.31

6
NETWORKING
Room
1
First
Floor
Room
2
20 30 180.16.2.32 /27 255.255.255.224
180.16.2.33 -
180.16.2.62
180.16.2.63
First
Floor
Room
3
20 30 180.16.2.64 /27 255.255.255.224
180.16.2.65 -
180.16.2.94
180.16.2.95
First
Floor
Room
4
20 30 180.16.2.96 /27 255.255.255.224
180.16.2.97 -
180.16.2.126
180.16.2.127
In addition to this, the /26 network would be required for the first floor.
Subnet
Name
Needed
Size
Allocated
Size
Address Mask Dec Mask
Assignable
Range
Broadcast
Second
Floor
Room 1
20 20 180.16.2.0 /27 255.255.255.224
180.16.2.1 -
180.16.2.30
180.16.2.21
Second 20 20 180.16.2.22 /27 255.255.255.224 180.16.2.33 - 180.16.2.42

7
NETWORKING
Floor
Room 2
180.16.2.62
Second
Floor
Room 3
20 20 180.16.2.43 /27 255.255.255.224
180.16.2.65 -
180.16.2.94
180.16.2.63

8
NETWORKING
References
AmeritechLibraryServices., 2009. IP addressing & DNS.. 3rd ed. Chicago: John & Wiley
Press.
Graham, B., 2015. TCP/IP addressing: designing and optimizing your IP addressing scheme.
1st ed. San Diego: Morgan Kaufmann.
McIsaac, N., 2015. CompTIA Mobility+ : IP Addressing. 2nd Edition ed. New Hampshire:
John and Wiley Press.
Rossi, L. D., 2004. Cisco and IP addressing by Louis D Rossi. 1st ed. New York: McGraw-
Hill.