Managing Change in Organizations: Research Proposal

This research methodology proposal investigates the impact of rapid technological advancements on organizations, with a specific focus on British Telecommunications Plc. The proposal outlines the research aim, objectives, and questions, emphasizing the importance of managing change while upholding ethical standards for employees and the public. It includes a detailed literature review, exploring concepts such as artificial intelligence, change management models, and the ethical implications of technology. The methodology section details the research philosophy, design, and methods, including data collection techniques like questionnaires. The structure of the research is clearly defined, outlining the chapters and their respective content. The proposal aims to analyze the benefits and challenges of technological advancements, and provide recommendations for British Telecommunications Plc to navigate these changes effectively, ensuring ethical considerations are prioritized. The proposal also covers various aspects of technological change, including productivity, efficiency, and the impact on various sectors. This research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of managing change in organizations with rapid technology, and to provide practical solutions for a real-world company.

Research
Methodology
Proposal

Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................1
TITLE : ..........................................................................................................................................1
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................1
Introduction Of The Research ...............................................................................................1
Rational Of The Research .....................................................................................................3
Research Aim.........................................................................................................................3
Research Question .................................................................................................................3
Research Objectives ..............................................................................................................3
Structure of the research.........................................................................................................4
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................5
The ways through which British Telecommunications Plc can easily overcome issue related to
the rapid advancement on technology without hurting ethics of employees and people. .....9
Conceptual framework: .......................................................................................................12
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................13
Research Philosophy............................................................................................................13
Research Design ..................................................................................................................14
Research Methods................................................................................................................14
Access to Issues and Ethical Consideration ........................................................................16
CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSION .....................................................................................................18
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................19
.......................................................................................................................................................20

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Technological advancement have supported organizations and business save time and
production cost. It was identify as a biggest advantage to entire organisation and also help them
to gain competitive advantage. One of the best example of rapid advancement of technology is
Artificial Intelligence that was effected upon business and employees. This technology has
highly impact on the employees by reducing employment, increasing conflicts etc. In order to
overcome all issues related to changes in advancement of technology different number of useful
ways was used by British Telecommunications Plc. This is a chosen organisation for this report
and they face some issues related to the variation in technology advancement. For this, company
followed change management and different useful ways such as select the accurate technology
go via hardcore data, focus on training, involve all employees etc. Apart from this, for collecting
accurate amount of important about the topic, different number of methodologies are used such
as primary and secondary source, qualitative and quantitative research, non-probability sampling,
inductive approach, interpretivism philosophy, questionnaire instrument, validity and reliability
of data, ethical consideration etc. All these are effective and important method which help an
investigator to accumulate proper data and do further research appropriately.
TITLE :
“Managing change in organisations with rapid advancement of technology without
hurting ethics of employees and people. A case study on British Telecommunications Plc.
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Introduction Of The Research
Technological advancement is introduce as the generation of information and the
discovery of knowledge that advances the knowingness of technology (Lucas Jr and et. al.,
2013). The rate of technological advancement is rapidly increasing with time, community is
looking to develop and create easier ways to live. The internet is refer as a massive source of
information that different number of people follow and depend on every day. Recently, there are
different number of changes in technology advancement faced by people such as 3D metal
printing, Artificial embryos, Sensing city, AI for everybody, Dueling neural networks, Babel-fish
earbuds, Zero-carbon natural gas, Perfect online privacy, Genetic fortune telling and Material's
quantum leap. For this report, given organisation is British Telecommunications Plc which is a
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British multinational telecommunication holding company located in London, United Kingdom.
It was founded in 1969 by Jan du Plesssis, Philip Jansen. Company specialise in dealing of fixed-
line telephony, mobile telephony, broadband internet, fibre-optic communication, digital
television, home security, fleet management, supply chain management, telecommunication
equipment etc. Along with this, there are different important advances in business technology of
British Telecommunications Plc are including business management applications, email and
office applications, integration applications, customer self-service, customer feedback, web
conferencing, webinar applications, IP telephony, business intelligence and analytics, mobile
apps, content management systems, video and audio hosting, other social network, e-commerce,
virtualisation etc (Lucas and et. al., 2013).
The Artificial Intelligence is refer as an effective technology for each and every
organisation. This technology can be applied to solve issues across the board. Artificial
Intelligence can support businesses detect fraud, increase sales, enhance customer experience,
provide predictive analysis and automate work processes. Therefore Artificial Intelligence is a
useful system that will need to be trained and raised in more the same way as humans. One of the
main problem that arises when people and employees are discussing the application of AI
(Artificial Intelligence) is how to ensure that effective decisions based on technology are ethical.
It is a legal and valid concern (Bose, 2013). Artificial intelligence are efficient and effective to
decrease human efforts in different places. In order to perform and do different activities in the
organisation, many of them are following AI to develop machine slaves that do different
activities and functions on a daily basis. Application of such technology support to get the work
or activist done quicker and with appropriate outputs. Efficient and error free worlds are the
foremost purpose behind artificial intelligence.
Recently, different number of sectors have started following AI technology to decrease
efforts of human and also to get faster and efficient outputs. Apart from this, Artificial
intelligence has different drawbacks like, it is a cost incurred in the repair and maintenance
(Bose, 2013). An essential concern about the application of AI is about moral values and ethics.
Another disadvantage of such technology as it may be able to store and record enormous amount
of information, but the access and retrieval is not much effective and efficient in case of human
brain. If robots begin to replace employees in every area, it will yet lead to unemployment.
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Therefore both technology and human being are important for the success and growth of
organisation. In order to complete work and activities timely, technology is more essential
whereas human being is also require to give instruction to Robot how to work (Ertmer and
Ottenbreit-Leftwich, 2013). Thus, both are necessary in their own places and support an
enterprise to gain better results and outputs in future also.
Rational Of The Research
Main reason behind selecting this topic is to managing the changes in organisations with
rapid advancement of technology without hurting ethics of employees and people. It is biggest
topic that help a learner and researcher to increase their knowledge and skill about the particular
field of study. In order to manage changes, change management model is consider best
framework and it not harm on employees and people (Ertmer and Ottenbreit-Leftwich, 2013).
In today's world, technology is most essential and important tool for organisation by
increasing brand awareness, loyalty etc. But some time it creates different challenges and issues
for company such as leading to workers losing their jobs (Kukulska-Hulme, 2012). There are
some issues faced by organisation and employees in developing technology such as higher cost,
no replicating humans, lesser jobs, lack of personal connections etc. Therefore, in order to
manage all these issue company should follow change management model, provide training to
their workers etc.
Research Aim
“To analyze the importance of managing change in an organisation with rapid
advancements of technologies without hurting ethics of employees and people”. A study on
British Telecommunications Plc.
Research Question
 What are the importance of managing change in an organisation with rapid advancements
of technologies without hurting ethics of employees and people?
Research Objectives
 To identify the concept of rapid advancement of technology.
 To analyze the importance of change management model in managing change of rapid
advancement of technology within an organisation.
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 To investigate the benefits of technological advancements for British
Telecommunications Plc .
 To identify the ways through which British Telecommunications Plc can easily overcome
issue related to the rapid advancement on technology without hurting ethics of employees
and people.
Structure of the research
This is consider most essential and important part of the project which help a researcher
to identify each chapter of research. It will support an investigator to ascertain significance of
each chapter for completion of research activities effectively (Kukulska-Hulme, 2012). There are
some important section of research which are identify as under:
Chapter 1: Introduction: It is consider first and main chapter because in this entire
information about the study is included. These information mainly related with the background
of research, rational of study, aim, objectives and questions (Keengwe, Schnellert and Mills,
2012). All these are highly essential for completing research activities in systematic way.
Chapter 2: Literature Review: It is a type of review article and also known as scholarly
paper which includes current knowledge regarding substantive findings and theoretical
contribution to a specific research topic (Keengwe, Schnellert and Mills, 2012). It is important
section of research which help in ascertaining gaps in research and also identify conflict in
previous study. Along with this, in this part all research objectives are address and analyze
opinion of authors about the topic.
Chapter 3: Methodology: It is another important and useful section of research and help
a researcher to identify different methods for collecting accurate data about the study. In this,
various methods such as research philosophy, research design, qualitative and quantitative
research, primary and secondary source, research issues, ethical consideration, research sampling
timeline, questionnaire and interview are included (Moolchandani and et. al., 2016). All these are
useful for researcher to accumulate accurate and valid information from respondents.
Chapter 4: Data Analysis: This will be done with the assist of analytical tool. Thematic
analysis is consider as an essential analytical tool and in this case different themes are made on
each questions. In order to analyze data and information from the respondents, questionnaire is
introduce best and useful instrument because it provide reliable and valid content which is
related with the research topic.
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Chapter 5: Conclusion and Recommendation: It is consider as a last chapter which
include entire summary and detail information about the topic (Moolchandani and et. al., 2016).
This part is based on entire research and if issues are arise in this part some recommendation are
provided to the company. In this recommendation, different number of effective ways are
provided which will help a researcher to overcome such issue and get better outputs for future
study. It is also significant for organisation to manage all changes which arise in the technology
and achieve competitive advantages within predetermined time period.
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
A literature review is a comprehensive and detail summary of past research on a topic. It
includes scholarly articles, books, magazines and many other relevant sources to the specific
field of study. The review should describe, enumerate, summarize, objectively clarify and
evaluate this previous study (Weber and Rohracher, 2012). It should provide a theoretical base
for an investigation and assist author to determine the nature of research. There are different
purpose of literature review which will help a researcher to accomplish each objectives of
research in more effective and systematic manner. Some objectives are determined a under:
 It give foundation of accurate knowledge on research topic.
 Literature review ascertain areas of prior scholarship to keep duplications and provide
credit to other investigators.
 It help in identifying inconstancies which is related with the conflict in past studies, gaps
in research and open questions left from other study.
 It also assist an investigator in analysing relationship of works in link of its contribution
to the research topic and to other work.
 This section of research help a researcher in identifying new and unique ways to interpret
prior study.
Therefore, literature review more is more important and effective part of researcher and
support an investigator to collect in-depth and accurate data about the study. It also help them in
addressing each objectives of research systematically (Muhammad, Zahari and Sharif, 2013). All
research objectives and for this opinion of different authors are determined as under:
The concept of rapid advancement of technology.
According to the John Spacey, (2016), technological change is refer as an effective
process of commercialization, improvement and invention of technology. It is a hyperbolic or
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exponential process whereby advance technologies develop the invention of unique technologies
faster and easier resulting in accelerating change.
There are basic type of technological change with an organisation such as productivity,
efficiency, health, knowledge, entertainment, society, politics, culture, economics, industries,
environment, transportation, quality of life etc. In today's world, modern technology is obviously
developing speedily and it is portrayed as an unfavourable influence (Weber and Rohracher, H.,
2012). It can be observed that advance technology is a transposition of entire characteristics of
life. Along with this, technology is an essential aspect of everyone lives. It is constantly
enhancing its application and help an organisation to attract large number of customers. The
rapid advancement of technology has changed and modified the way the globe operates. Now,
the technology allows people the chances to communicate or transmit from opposite ends of the
world.
On the other hand Karehka Ramey, 2012, technology has advanced with years and it has
modified the way of people about purchasing products, way of living, way of communicating
way of travelling, way of learning and so on. Advancement in technology have supported
organisations as well as business save cost of production and time, which has been biggest
benefits to all enterprise. With the help of technology advancement company can easily gain
competitive benefits and advantages within given time duration. With the help of technology, an
organisation can easily promote their goods and services and also retain employees for long time
by providing training to them. Training is mainly related with how to use technology and attract
more customers. Advancement in technology is a biggest concept which have different
advantages for an organisation such as saving time, increasing production, simplifies
communication, attracting customers etc. All these are biggest benefits of technology
advancement for an enterprise.
The importance of change management in managing change of rapid advancement of
technology within an organisation.
According to the Margaret Rouse, (2018), change management is a systematic and
essential approach to dealing with the transformation or transition of a organisation's processes,
goals or technologies. Change management is identify as an effective process, techniques and
tools to manage the people, advancement of technology to accomplish needed business results.
Change management model incorporates the business tools that can be applied to support
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employees or people make successful personal transitions outputting in the realization and
adoption of change. Effective change management is important to each and every organisation
in this fast-changing world. Main objective and purpose of change management is to increase
advantages, while reducing the uncertainty of failure during implementation of change. It is also
related with the communication which has been seen as an effective and two way communication
that do different functions including information sharing, compliances, participation and
feedback. It is also essential and significant for British Telecommunications Plc to manage
changes in technology and achieve better results.
According to the Muhammad, Zahari and Sharif, (2013) There are different ways used by
British Telecommunications Plc to systematically manage all changes in technology
advancement such as Identifying current loopholes, Select the right technologies, Involve their
employees, Early Acceptance,Personal Incentive, Focus on Training, Pilot Operation,
Expectation vs. Reality etc. All these are consider main and essential way of change management
that help an organisation to easily manage change in technology advancement. Change
management also effective and significant in managing technology that supports an organisation
to manage changes to operations. Therefore, British Telecommunication Plc have successfully
decreased costs by ascertaining business processes and reducing actions that clients do not
understand as valuable. Along with this change management is also important for company to
manage changes in technology advancement. As it give opportunity to company to place
decision-making power at the optimum level. Apart from this, company can apply technology to
centralize buying and logistics in order to take benefits of cost saving.
On the other hand Aaditya Desai, Change is important and necessary for each person as
well as organisation. Change management is more effective and significant in managing change
of rapid advancement of technology within an organisation. Technology is most significant part
for growth and success of an organisation. For this, ADKAR model is more useful and have
some points such as Awareness, desire, knowledge, ability and reinforcement. All these are
important for an organisation to manage changes in technology and accomplish long term growth
and success easily. All these points are determined as under:
 Awareness: It is mainly related with the awareness of the requirement to change
technology.
 Desire: Desire to participate in and assist the change.
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 Knowledge: It includes knowledge about how to change technology.
 Ability: It include ability in order implement the change. Reinforcement: In this level, business sustain the change in an effective manner.
The benefits of technological advancements for British Telecommunications Plc.
As per the views of Karehka Ramey, 2012 In the current scenario every person's life is
fully dependent upon the technology. It has changed them in every aspect of their life like the
way they live, way of purchasing and way of communication etc. As technology developed it
impacted on individual's standard of living. Technology advancement has affected the
organisation and business which resulted into saving of time, cost, energy and smooth
functioning of a company. In this context, communication is a method of exchanging or
conveying the information, ideas, opinions, views and thoughts from one person to another. For
achieving or attaining anything in any aspect of life communication is needed. It is a key to
success for any individual or company.
As per the view point of Wheeler and Von Braun, (2013), a good communication
provides positive outcome and vice versa. In technology aspect, communication through
technology plays a major role in today's telecommunication industry. In the earlier decades, only
big and successful companies enjoys the benefit of technology because they can afford to it but
now the advancement of internet small companies can also have the advantage in their every
activities of company. Technology has its own positive and negative effect on company. Some of
the benefits of technology advancement are as follows:
 Increases the production: Technology is a valuable asset for every company's growth. It
impacted the British Telecommunications Plc 's production by saving the time, cost ,
energy. It simplifies the activities and provided transparency of communication which
make company to perform in a easier and fastest way.
 Exchange of Information: Technology enables company to exchange ideas with no
hindrances from one person to another and it provides the facility of security of
information. In British Telecommunication plc, it allows them to convey or provide their
opinion or information from country to country within a seconds. It reduces delay in
work and can provide the data whenever required.
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 Mobility: Technology allows companies to access their work from any part of the world
i.e. any corner of world. It impacted British Telecommunication plc's to be flexible in
terms of expansion in various countries.
 Increasing customer base: Technology is important and essential for an organisation by
increasing customer base. With the help of different technology such as social media,
Instagram, Facebook etc. company can easily introduces their products and services in
marketplace. As it will support an enterprise by improving its brand image and goodwill
in marketplace. It will also essential for British Telecommunications Plc by providing
information about customer's needs and wants regarding the product and services.
Technology also support an enterprise to deal with customers over the internet which will
further them in saving time and cost of customers as well as organisation also.
The ways through which British Telecommunications Plc can easily overcome issue related to
the rapid advancement on technology without hurting ethics of employees and people.
As per the views of Jabil, 2017, In this modern business era, there is rapid change arises in the
technologies, thus the major concern area of each small as well as large business enterprises is to
adapting changes in their technologies in respect to maintaining its competition position.
Organisations are undergoing a digital transformation and have likely enjoyed the enhanced
market share and customer engagement, higher employee morale or developed customers
revenue. British telecommunications is the famous telecommunications provider company which
is focused towards developing their operations by making advancement in their technologies or
operations. The company has faces issues related with the rapid changes arises in the technology,
thus the company has applied different ways to overcome with the issue of rapid changes in the
technology without hurting employees as well as human's ethics. The potential ways are
associated as below:
Handling Employee Pushback During Digital Transformation: Experiencing a digital
transformation is the prototype of discomfort , so it may make employees feel threatened or
dissatisfied. It is essential to consider that sometime changes are necessary to keep up with the
times, because some time not changing is much riskier. The digital transformation is essential for
British telecommunication as to providing appropriate environment and facilities to their
employees.
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