Introduction to Technology & Operations: Homework Assignment Solution

This document provides a comprehensive solution to an Introduction to Technology and Operations assignment, encompassing multiple-choice questions, true/false questions, and three essays. The multiple-choice and true/false questions cover fundamental concepts in information systems, including hardware components like RAM, virtualization types, network protocols, and cloud computing advantages. The essays delve into the applications of Information Systems (IS) in organizations, particularly focusing on Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and employee management using Management Information Systems (MIS) and Decision Support Systems (DSS). The solution also discusses the architecture and functioning of web servers, including their components, protocols (HTTP, FTP), and interaction with database applications. The assignment showcases the role of technology in enhancing organizational efficiency, customer satisfaction, and employee productivity.

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Introduction to Technology & Operations
2/23/2018

Introduction to Technology & Operations
Table of Contents
Multiple Choice & True/False Questions..............................................................................................2
Essay 1..................................................................................................................................................5
Essay 2..................................................................................................................................................6
Essay 3..................................................................................................................................................6
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Introduction to Technology & Operations
Multiple Choice & True/False Questions
1. Information systems are same as software. Both terms can be used interchangeably.
a. True
b. False
2. Which of the following components has a volatile memory?
a. Hard drive
b. DVD
c. RAM
d. Flash drive
3. Which of the following products is discussed in class as an example of mixed reality?
a. Google Glass
b. Microsoft HoloLense
c. Facebook Oculus Rift
d. Facebook Oculus Go
4. Waymo is one of the companies we discussed in class which is leading the race of
self-driving cars.
a. True
b. False
5. Android is not open source software.
a. True
b. False
6. Which of the following virtualizations has a server computer hosting multiple
desktops as applications?
a. Server virtualization
b. Desktop virtualization
c. PC virtualization
d. Linux virtualization
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Introduction to Technology & Operations
7. A 64-bit processor - 32-bit operating system – 64-bit application program are
compatible
a. True
b. False
8. A switch communicates with access point using IEEE 802.11 protocol
a. True
b. False
9. A UTP cable is typically more expensive than fiber optic cable and carries more data.
a. True
b. False
10. Which of the following protocols is specially designed for short-range
communication?
a. IEEE 802.3
b. IEEE 802.11
c. Bluetooth
d. Wi-Fi
11. 1 gbps stands for
a. 1000 mbps
b. 1000 kbps
c. 1000 bits per second
d. None of the above
12. Which of the following is not a function of ISP?
a. Provide users with a legitimate IP address
b. Serve as a gateway to the Internet
c. Provide uses with a legitimate mac address
d. Help pays for the Internet
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Introduction to Technology & Operations
13. Wireless WAN is typically faster than LAN wireless
a. True
b. False
14. One of the advantages of Cloud is that client companies have full control of data
location
a. True
b. False
15. Which of the following in the figure below is an associative entity?
a. Customer
b. Order
c. Order details
d. Book
16. Referential integrity ensures that the records that tie two entities are not automatically
deleted.
a. True
b. False
17. A column in a database table is called
a. Attribute
b. Field
c. Record
d. Primary key
18. A database application can create multiple database management systems
a. True
b. False
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Introduction to Technology & Operations
Essay 1
Information Systems (IS) is a set of automated tools, methods, and processes that are
implemented in the organization for data gathering, analysis, storage and management. There
are various types of Information Systems (IS) being used and implemented in the
organizations that have succeeded in enhancement and generation of values, such as
increased Return on Investments (ROI), customer satisfaction levels, customer engagement,
competitive advantage, employee satisfaction levels, and likewise.
The primary goal of an organization is to make sure that it provides required services and
products to its customers to maintain and enhance its customer base and relations.
Information Systems play a great role in the management and improvement of customer
relationships and engagement. It is because of the reason that these systems provide a
mechanism to understand the customer requirements, interests, needs, and demands. Also, the
use of information systems in the organizations has made it easier to communicate and
interact with the customers. One of the leading examples of the value generation by an
organization using customer-oriented information systems is Amazon. It is the largest e-
commerce company all across the globe and makes use of numerous Information Systems.
One of such system is Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system. The use of CRM
in Amazon has allowed the e-commerce giant to gain customer satisfaction and loyalty. The
system allows the organization to gather, analyse, and manage customer information, such as
customer feedback, ratings, reviews, queries, purchase history, and likewise. The information
is analysed using automated data analytics tools that provide a picture of customer choices,
trends, patterns, and preferences. These systems have managed to integrate customer sales,
communications, and services for generation of values as enhanced customer trust, customer
engagement, and relations.
There are various resources that are engaged in an organization and the most important out of
all are the human resources. It is required for the organizations to provide environment,
services, and facilities for enhanced employee satisfaction to achieve better productivity and
efficiency levels. Information Systems have provided the organizations with the capability to
manage its employees with much ease. One of the organizations that has successfully used IS
in the area of employee management and tracking is Birla Corporation. The organization is
an Indian Cement manufacturing company that used Management Information Systems
(MIS) and Decision Support Systems (DSS) for managing its employees for improved
performance and productivity. MIS and Decision Support Systems implemented in the
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Introduction to Technology & Operations
organization perform the tasks, such as tracking and allocation of employee responsibilities,
attendance tracking and management, management approvals, performance management and
development. The system streamlines all of the activities related with employee management
resulting in generation of values for the organization as decreased employee turnover rate,
improved productivity and efficiency cycles resulting in better revenues and customer
relations. The showcase of better efficiency by the employees has also resulted in enhanced
market reputation of the organization along with competitive advantage.
Essay 2
Essay 3
A web server is defined as a system that provides the users with the required web pages or
services over the Internet. There are three components that are present in a web server viz.
physical server, software, and server operating system. There are various web servers that
have been developed and the two most popular ones are Apache HTTP Server, and Microsoft
Internet Information Services (IIS).
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Introduction to Technology & Operations
Working of a Web Server
The client places the request through a web browser that performs the initial task of
resolution of domain name to an IP address. The full URL is then sent by the browser as a
request to the web server. The requested page is sent by the server as a response. There may
be multiple client requests that may be sent at the same time and the server responds to the
same by distinguishing a website on the basis of the IP address. There are protocols used by
the web server in such tasks as Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and File Transfer
Protocol (FTP). HTTP involves a client (browser) and a server that communicate with each
other using GET and POST methods for requests and response.
There are database applications used for storage and management of the data sets and a
database server often houses these applications. There is a connection established between a
web server and the database application or database server for handling of client requests. A
CGI script is transferred by the web server to the database on the basis of the URL that is
entered by the client (web browser). The corresponding records from the database are then
responded to the web server via CGI which is then transferred to the client.
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