Influence of Technology on Travel and Tourism Decision-Making

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Influence of technology in travel and tourism
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Executive Summary
The study effectively highlights about the research outcomes in a media format that can be easily
presentable to the audience. It is presented through a poster so that the outcomes are presented in
a better way to convey the ideology about the research at the World Tourism Market, Travel
Tech Show, London Excel, November 2018.
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Table of contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................4
Task 1...............................................................................................................................................5
1.1 Formulating and recording possible research project outline specifications.............................5
1.2 Identifying the factors contributing to the process of research project selection......................6
1.3 Undertaking a critical review of key preferences......................................................................6
1.4 Produce a Research Project Specification.................................................................................7
1.5 Provide an appropriate plan and procedures for the agreed research specification...................8
Task 2.............................................................................................................................................10
AC. 2.1 Match resources efficiently to the research question or hypothesis 350..........................10
A.C. 2.2 Undertaking of proposed research investigation in accordance with agreed specification
and procedures...............................................................................................................................11
A.C. 2.3 Record and collate relevant data where appropriate.......................................................12
Task 3.............................................................................................................................................20
3.1 Use appropriate ‘research evaluation techniques’ which types of evaluation is more
appropriate for your research? Why?............................................................................................20
3.2. Interpreting and analysing the results in terms of the original research specification............21
Task 4.............................................................................................................................................23
4.1 Appropriate media to present the outcomes of the research to audience.................................23
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................25
References......................................................................................................................................27
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Introduction
With the steady improvement in the technology sector and improved globalization, the travel and
tourism sector is gaining huge importance in the market. The profit margins for the sector are
capturing a bulk in the market share. The study below focus on various areas on which the sector
depends and the various factors on which it relies, in order to sustain in the market. The modern
day travel and tourism has significantly changed its role in the mindset of people and the
travellers. The study also focuses on the technological incorporation in the sector and the various
factors associated within. Technology has enabled the travel and tourism sector to reach
maximum number of people, which has resulted in the travellers in being more tech savvy and
well informed. Advent of technology in the travel and tourism sector has resulted in a lot of
success of this industry. Consumer behaviour gets directly influenced with the advent of modern
technology. Thus, for survival of the organizations in the cut throat competition technological
advancements is necessary. No organization in the travel and tourism industry can perform well
or gain a competitive edge without satisfaction of the customers. Travel and tourism is one such
industry which is totally dependent on the satisfaction of the customers. Thus, technological
advancements is mandatory for the organizations performing within the travel and tourism
sector. Technology influences the decision making of the consumers to a great extent and in
order to be in the good eyes of the customers, the organizations must engage themselves in the
latest technology. The task given below is going to deal with the influence of the technology on
the decision making of the consumers in travel and tourism industry.
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Task 1
1.1 Formulating and recording possible research project outline specifications
The advent of globalization has brought in technological advancements and this has sufficiently
influenced the decision making of the consumers in tourism industry. This sector has flourished
further with time and is contributing a lot to the global economy (Arteaga, et al., 2018.p. 170).
The implementation of the modern technology in the sector of travel and tourism has resulted in
many changes in the decision making of the customers.
In order to survive in the competitive nature of the tourism industry the organizations need to
implement latest technologies to attract more customers than the potential customers (Erul et al.,
2018.p. 360). Some of the technologies used by the organizations are Augmented and Virtual
Reality, Voice Technology, Wearable devices, Wi-Fi connection and similar others. The
continuous development and improvement in technology has availed with immense of
opportunities for the nation (Miller, 2018). Moreover technology has earned a special place in
the lives of the general public and this has shaped an opportunity for the sector to connect
directly to their clients with minimum cost and endeavour.
Aims and objectives
The aim of this research is to understand the influence of the technology on the decision making
of the consumers in tourism industry. This can be further understood with the help of the
following objectives framed for the research proposal.
 To investigate how the technology influences the decision making of the consumers in
tourism industry.
 To understand the ways in which technology impacts travel and tourism industry.
 To investigate the variety of technologies, those have been implemented in the past, and
should be incorporated in the future in travel and tourism sector.
Research questions
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 How technology has influenced in the process of decision making of the consumers in travel
and tourism industry?
 How technology has impacted the travel and tourism industry?
 What are the variety of technologies that have been incorporated in the past and should be
incorporated in the future of the travel and tourism sector?
Justification
The subsequent analysis of the findings can be assured as ideal in connection with the chosen
topic. Providing a proper justification for the influence of the technology on the decision making
of the consumers in tourism industry, these findings have explained the importance and impact
of technological advent on the customers in the chosen sector.
1.2 Identifying the factors contributing to the process of research project selection
The chosen topic can help in attaining an insight that is related to the significance of technology
in the business of travel and tourism. This can further help the businesses to promote to the needs
of the modern world. Apart from the given factors, this task is also going to deal with the
decision making of the consumers in tourism industry in the absence of technology. These also
acts as the contributing factors in the process of the selecting the research project.
1.3 Undertaking a critical review of key preferences
Technological impact on the sales and customer satisfaction
The business in tourism and travel sector is greatly influenced by the technological advancement.
Changing desires of human are met with new technology where the customer feels as home
when they visit hotels and resorts (Giaoutzi, 2017). The advancement of technology has
increased the profit margin level of the travel and tourism management. The share of middle man
has been reduced with the technological scenario, this helps the hotel group to make profit
directly from the customer and they need pay the cuts to the middle men. The customers and
companies are benefitted with the technology, and this is a visible factor that is responsible for
reduction in tour packages (Buckley et al., 2015). The incorporation of technology has proved to
be a security provider to the customers with smooth fund transfers.
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Various technologies which were in the past process and applying those in future operations
Marketing has proved to be gained new phases with advancement of technology. The e-
commerce has helped in bringing new opportunities with business development in the travel
sector. The customers are highly satisfied across the various channels, that is in airlines, both
domestic and international travels. The online reservations of flights, hotels, cabs, buses, trains,
resorts, services are supported by the business to customers’ interaction, which is a part of e-
commerce process (Cadarso et al., 2016). The past procedures which were used to attract the
potential customers were time taking in modern context, as present scenario is fast and
developing every minute. The people want to interact with the tour conductors and the managers
of hotels, to avail 2-way communication. The present technology has helped the customers to
meet the operators in real time frame.
Incorporating technology in travel and tourism sector in regards to current scenario
Globalization has created the platform of technology and its necessity is observed in travel and
tourism sectors too (Flick., 2015). The higher density of smart phones and laptops has helped the
consumers to interact with the entire world and compare the prices which suit their pocket. The
increase in globalization has helped the tourist to choose their travel plan, and explore the parts
of the world which were not yet discovered.
1.4 Produce a Research Project Specification
The research methodology part is chosen from the context will help in influencing the
technological industry. With the use of application such as qualitative and quantitative, the data
is analyzed. Furthermore many other subject journals helped to meet the technological impact.
The learning objective which will be achieved based on the impacts that technology offers to
sales and satisfaction of customers. The incorporation of technology has also helped the
possibilities for the future. The primary researches help the researcher to gain data about the
technological impact and its contribution to meet the research objectives. The survey will be
conducted on the participants from the travels and the interview will be conducted to the
managers. The data findings will help to meet the research objectives and conclude the task.
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The research project specification involves the use of technology that influences the travel and
tourism sector. Travel and tourism sector is the fastest growing sector that enables the country to
add the profit to its GDP. Countries in Europe have been utilizing this sector to grow the revenue
that helps the country to improve the GDP of the country (De Moor et al., 2015). The project on
the travel and tourism sector involves the specifications which can be in the form of use of
technology in various ways. In the current situation, Travel Company has the option to let the
travellers see the hotels, visiting places through the internet in the form of Videos. This method
helps the both parties in saving the time in the business. The project specification also involves
the other specification that adds to the research which can be in the form of usage of technology
by the travellers for the purpose of booking the trips for the remote places that can be the
different countries where a traveller faces a number of situations.
The technology has eased the situation where the travellers through the help of the technology
can know about the political status of country before visiting a new place. This helps the traveller
to keep himself away from the situation that may cause trouble to him. The research can be done
to know the situations where a traveller who is completely ignorant with the situation about the
place, will be the part to be comprised as a specification for the research. Frequent travellers
who are mostly from the European countries do not have any issue in travelling as they keep
update about the places they want to visit or, they visit. These travellers collect a lot of
information about the place so that they could conclude the pros and cons about the place before
visiting there. Such type of specification for the research can help in knowing the methods used
by these travellers through the help of technology. The most developed countries of the World
mainly from the European countries use the technology for travel and tourism. These developed
countries utilize the technology to have an overview about the situations that may be favourable
or, unfavourable to them. The research specifications on these areas can highlight the factors that
enable the technology to make the travel and tourism better (Heumüller, 2018).
1.5 Provide an appropriate plan and procedures for the agreed research specification
The planning for the research specification on ten influence of technology in the travel and
tourism sector may include the procedure that justifies the usage of technology. The plans that
can be appropriate for the research specifications are mentioned below as follows-
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 The advancement of the internet has facilitated the sector at large in modifying the products
and services for the customers in the entire world. The development of vertical portals has
redefined the travel portals. The effective organisation of the procedures involve in the
research specification can be seen in the form of vertical portals and its development which
needs more development as the travellers look for more and better information about the
portals so that they have the trust to book their tickets online(Trochim et al., 2015).
 The distressed tourism sectors in the African countries where the travellers have less scope to
visit those places are excluded from their list. The research specification based on the
ecommerce application that allow the customers to access their reservation portals for
accessing the services are the areas that needs focus from the side of technology usage. The
customers face issues when they do not have the access of internet or, they are away from the
place where there is less or, negligible access of internet (Biccard, 2015).
 The advent of Mobile technology in the travel and tourism sector lets the customers to have
the access of ecommerce portals. Customers chose the surfing option to explore more about
the places, hotels, restaurants, services and other products of the travel and tourism. Short
messaging services has impacted the industry hugely, can be considered for the research
specification as this option allow the customers to get the notifications about the reservation
or, cancellation of the services. Whenever a customer booms something online on the
internet, they get notified through the messaging services about the service.
 Technology has been personalised through the various devices that can be in the form smart
phones, desktop, laptops and other portable devices. The misuse of such technology has also
impacted the travel and tourism sector in an enormous way. The cells are used to inform
about the activities about the places which are somehow inform added by the anti social
persons to the terrorist. This leads to the terrorism and blast. The excess usage of plastic has
also deteriorated the environment and has created lot of pollution. The technology to recycle
these anti environment producers are the part of the business. The government has less
control on it as the revenue generated from the travel nd tourism sector goes to the
government.
 The employees who are working in the travel and tourism sector are generally not well
trained. This leads to the improper use of technology. The technology that can facilitate in
improving the services of an organisation, become less accessible to the people as they
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employees working in these organisation either do not know how to handle the technology\
based equipments to, they have less training in these areas (Yang et al., 2016).
The plans and procedures mentioned above focuses in the areas where the influence of
technology has either led the sector towards growth or, the less usage of technology has
pushed it back.
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Task 2
AC. 2.1 Match resources efficiently to the research question or hypothesis 350
There are various resources in the travel and tourism sector. The travel and tourism is the most
emerging sector in the contemporary market (Sigala, 2018). The technological influence has
lifted the present day status of the travel and tourism sector. During the research study all the
resources are incorporated in an efficient way in the study. There are ample of destinations which
are the dream destinations for many. France is one of them. (Vargas-Sánchez and Moutinho,
2018). The different countries and continents compete in getting most focus of the travellers.
Among the top players in the market the most viewed places are the countries like France,
Malaysia, Canada, U.S, U.K etc. For most the destination France in Europe is ideal for leisure
travel.
In the travel industry, various tools and techniques are applied to gain the knowledge of the
destination France. To understand the impact of technology in the given industry optimization of
techniques has been done. The various researches have been collected through different sites,
other than that various manpower has been used to execute the particular study. Various
technical resources are used to create the total impact of the research. Therefore it is proven that
this is the most effective way to research (Li et al, 2018). The travel and tourism encompass the
different sectors in it which include hospitality, accommodation, conveyance etc. In the study the
researcher has kept the focus on the technological influence and impacts. This sector has a total
influence on the service sector as well. Therefore the customer satisfaction in the forte is an issue
in the sector which is technologically improved.
The researcher has focussed on the various tools and technologies used in the sector and how the
industry is benefitted through the same (Beck and Egger, 2018). Again, the basic idea remains
that the customer satisfaction has to be high in the sector. Globalization is a main factor for
influence in the sector as it has huge impact. The influence of social media, the various updates
in the media, the internet and the availability of the internet has boosted the current situation of
the travel and tourism companies. The sector is highly influenced due to these factors. Therefore,
the factors are add-on to the whole process of globalization.
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A.C. 2.2 Undertaking of proposed research investigation in accordance with agreed
specification and procedures
The research project aims in the influence of technology in the travel and tourism sector in
France. The target customers are international clients as well as domestic clients of Europe and
other nations. Internet plays the most important role in the sector of travel and tourism as this
sector utilises the resource in an efficient way (Southern and Moutinho, 2018). Today every
person can afford a smart phone and with an improved data or internet connection. This makes
the person able to connect with the rest of the world. This revolution in the history of internet is
huge. Thus, the people rely on the internet more and more. The cost effective internet service in
the different parts of the world has made the revolution possible. Data can be collected from
each and everybody who wants to use the information for the travel.
Research specification actually explains the research process altogether. These include the step
by step process of all the included procedures to be achieved for the particular research. The
steps include defining the whole plan and that is achievable. The next step is effective
management of the whole process of research. Here the analysis is done for the literature review.
This includes the customer satisfaction due to technological advancements in the travel and
tourism sector. This again includes the different methods the customer uses to book the travel
and tourism plans. The advancements are the pros of the sector (Southern and Moutinho, 2018).
Research methodology includes the qualitative and quantitative study of the whole process. This
targets the executives and all other tour conducting companies in France as well as Europe.
Different questionnaires and the interviews have been conducted to collect the various data. This
are primary techniques used to collect and collate the data and use the same for the research and
the analysis of the travel and tourism industry. The research objectives and the questions are
followed by some questionnaires. These questionnaires help the reader to understand the impact
of technology in modern world. Again, the various charts and graphs are also provided to explain
the same in a coordinate manner. In all, the influence of technology in the travel and tourism
sector is defined in the study, and thus it gives the idea of the whole part of travel and tourism
(Tom Dieck et al, 2018).
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