Detailed Examination of UK Policies Concerning Teenage Pregnancy

This report provides a comprehensive overview of the UK's policies addressing teenage pregnancy. It begins with an introduction to health promotion and the significance of these policies in the UK, highlighting the reasons behind teenage pregnancies, such as sexual abuse and peer pressure, and the government's strategies to combat them. The report delves into the historical context of teenage pregnancy in the UK, detailing the Labour government's 10-year strategy, which focused on sex education and contraception access. Key terms like 'public health' and 'teenage pregnancy' are defined, and the report presents statistics illustrating the decline in teenage pregnancy rates over time. The report then examines the specific components of the UK's policies, including joint actions at national and local levels, sex education in schools, and access to contraception. It also explores the impact of these policies, including the use of data for monitoring progress, the involvement of parents, and the provision of guidance to youth. The report concludes by summarizing the positive results of the policies and the continued efforts to reduce teenage pregnancy rates, emphasizing the role of health promotion and government initiatives in promoting awareness and providing support to teenagers. The report also discusses the role of various stakeholders in implementing and supporting the policies, including public health officials, local governments, schools and colleges, and the community.

ASPECTS OF
CONTEMPORARY
POLICIES

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
BACKGROUND.............................................................................................................................1
Teenage pregnancy policies in UK..................................................................................................2
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION
Health promotion is defined by the world health organization, according to WHO, it is
operation of sanctioning persons to enhancing control over and to improving their health. The
basic health promotion strategies are enabling, mediating and advocacy. The main of this type of
health promotion strategies is take care of persons and society and promote healthy lifestyles,
reduce disease, injuries and illness, improve the quality of environment that improves health and
reduce various types of illness and disease.
Teenage pregnancy is now big challenge in the United Kingdom. Now the teenagers of
UK are an-aware about the pregnancy and that condition improve teenage pregnancy condition
in UK. The UK government design some policies for reduce the teenage pregnancy in country
and make them aware about this issue (Cook and Cameron, 2015). The reason behind teenage
pregnancy in UK is sexual abuse and peer pressure. Because in UK various teenage girls are
force or abuse by the older man to engage in sexual activity. This is the major reason that
teenagers are get pregnant. The health promotion policies such as by teaching the teenagers
about the sex education, by targeting and make aware teenage boys not just girls. For this
government also shape health promotion policies like huge involvement of community and
society. In this essay will describe the policy and sources of information (Hadley, Chandra-
Mouli and Ingham, 2016). Also, in this study will explain about the importance of public health
and its impact on public health. In this report will also represent the sectors which support the
policies and will also explain about contentious issues in policy. And, also will discuss impact of
policies on society and its roles.
BACKGROUND
Teenager pregnancy is broad formulation by United Kingdom government for reducing
the teenage pregnancy ratio. The teenage of young pregnancy is very high in European countries
and the result of teenage pregnancy for parents and children is disproportionately poor. In UK,
various case found related to teenage pregnancy, from 2008-2014 the rate of teenage pregnancy
is 42.5%. Because at this time teenagers are not that much aware about teenage pregnancy
(Wellings and et.al., 2016). The 10 years strategy was designed by Labour Government newly
establish social exclusion unit. The unit is provided detail knowledge about sex education and
access to effective contraception. Also, the party ideology or agenda is reducing the teenage
pregnancy and make them aware about young age pregnancy. In this essay will discuss some
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terms such as Public Health, it means health of society and populations. The public health is
improved by the protecting and detecting through the disease and other mental and physical
health conditions. Public health is very important because it affects individual everyday life
(Cook and Cameron, 2015). The another term is teenage pregnancy, it is also known as
adolescent pregnancy, is female are pregnant under-age of 20. Teenage mothers actually do not
have that many resources to take care their child and self. It is affected the child and mother
health. Teenage pregnant girls are also abused by the society. In 2008 the teenage pregnancy rate
in UK was 26.2 % per thousand teenage women. After the Labour government elected the
teenage pregnancy rate drop by 9.5% in 2009-2010. Or in 2014. In UK young pregnancy rate is
22.9% per 1000 it is just half of 1997 pregnancy data which was 45.9%. As per data calculation,
it is calculated that teenage pregnancy rate is high in UK. Teenage pregnancy will also prevent
by safeguarding, emotional health and by take acre the teenagers. Segregate with Chlamydia
screening and STI hindrance (McCall and et.al., 2015). By maximizing the cost of sexual and
reproductive health services. On the bases of essay will know about the past and present situation
of United Kingdom in teenage pregnancy. Also, helping to teenagers and society peoples to
reduce the teenage pregnancy in young girls. With the help of essay will understand the various
prevention techniques which are important in adolescent pregnancy. This e essay show that how
health promotion policies are design by the government of United Kingdom for protect the health
of their young teenage (Hadley, Chandra-Mouli and Ingham, 2016). That study also show the
various teenage pregnancy impact on public health and the community. The ratio of adolescent
pregnancy is very high, because various people are not aware about this problem and some of
them not show that much interest. Also, the big reason of adolescent pregnancy in United
Kingdom is communication gap between the children and parents. Their parents are not that
much connect to the children and that may become reason of teenage pregnancy. Government
design and shape various programme which may enhance the health promotion strategies in UK
and make aware the young girls and boys from the adolescent pregnancy.
Teenage pregnancy policies in UK
UK has started A ten-year strategy which includes teenagers from 16 to 18 years.
Strategy involves four parts which includes joint action in local and national areas, providing sex
education in schools, and easy access to contraception. In 2014 teenagers of under 18 conception
rate was reduced by the 51% (Salami 2017). UK's government is starting to spread awareness
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among the people regarding the sex education and also government is investing in providing the
contraception in the local areas. Government is keeping the data of the contraception in the
offices for measuring the progress of the policy. UK's government is focusing on the approach
which includes the use of the data for monitoring the progress of the policy. Providing the sex
education to the teenagers in the schools and also target the young people for data in local areas.
Parents must also support the discussion of sex education and relationships with the teenagers.
Spreading awareness among the teenagers through awareness programs with young people and
parents. Easy available of contraception on the medical stores (Ringrose 2016). Government was
providing specific guidance to the youth of the UK through the practitioners, parents and help of
schools and the colleges. Proper funding was given to the local government which was focusing
on the local areas which includes of providing contraception to the medicals. Through proper
communication of youth with their parents is providing proper education to them. Various issues
were identified through the research programs and these program progress was monitored
effectively which would provide proper data of the youth and their personal life as well. Progress
was calculated through collecting the reviews of the youth towards the issue (Whitaker, and
et.al,.2016). Government was issuing new guidance for the youth in local areas which includes
the strategy and the analyses in of the data which would be used by the government officials. A
self assessment kit was provided to the government officials which would also strengthen the
local government to the local areas and the government was able to work for the people of the
country. Government also includes the number of local areas which were under the eyes of the
government officials which includes the specific areas where youth were observed like schools
and colleges. Various meetings were conducted by the official which incudes the agendas of
youth welfare and the prevention strategies which could be implemented in the country.
Quarterly reports were prepared by the government officials which would have details of the
policy and the progress of the policy which can be implemented in the country. The policy was
implemented nationally which have made units according to the local areas and the campaign
contains the details regarding the youth of the country. Through campaigns officials were
providing the materials to the local people which were provided free of cost to the people.
Funding was provided through the ministry which was required each and every detail of the
funds which needs to be invested in the policy. Public health minister were looking into the
policy and the progress was given to them in the form of the reports. In 2007 new guidance were
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launched by the government for the effective progress in the policy. Government was focusing
on the providing the contraceptive pills in the medicals and the sex education was the prime
motive for the government. In 2007 government also accepted the reviews on the reports and the
reviews and previous data of the teenage pregnancy were analysed by the government. The
government was focusing on the effective use of contraception by the youth of UK. Improving
the awareness among the youth and teenagers of the country which includes the issues of safer
sex and use of contraception. Proper promotion and awareness regarding the policy was done by
the government which have the positive impact on the thinking of the people. Awareness was
done through the TV radio and advertisements on the social media and broadcast department as
well. All the possible media was used by the government for the spreading the awarenesses
among the people of the country. Partnership were done by the government with the pharma
companies and pharma companies were providing full support to the government regarding
spreading the awareness among the people in the country. Impact of these policy and the
strategies have been seen in the people and the local communities which will improve the quality
of sex education among the people. Positive results were seen by the government on the public
and proper education would increase the awareness among the people. Local government was
providing the full support to the central government and the people which are facing through the
issue. These issue would also have adverse effects on the youth of the country.
Results
In 2005 pregnancy rate is reduces to 11% and local areas progress is increased to 43%. In
2010 reduction of pregnancy in the country is reduced by 27% and in 2011 it reduced by 34%.
Country is implementing on the government policies through the effective measures taken by the
government for the sake of the people in the country (Frank, and et.al.,2015). Effective measures
were taken on local and national levels which increased the education of the people regarding the
teenage pregnancy and as well the young and teenage parents are aware about the impacts and
consequences (Hadley 2017).
CONCLUSION
Teenage pregnancy rates have been reduced in UK which would ensure that the data
provided to the government is accurate and the young teenagers are aware about the
consequences of the teenage pregnancy. Local areas were focused by the government for
reducing the rate of teenage pregnancy. Government is also aiming of reducing the rate to the 50
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% which would also increase the awareness in teenagers. sex education was provided to the
teenagers in the school and colleges which has also motivated teenagers to focus on the
preparing the careers. A ten-year policy has given the positive results and still giving the positive
results to the government. From the bases of above study it has been concluded about the teenage
pregnancy and health promotion policies for making awareness in society and teenagers for
reducing the teenage pregnancy in UK. In this essay has been concluded the background of
teenage pregnancy in United Kingdom and also provide the definition of issues. In this essay has
been included the public health issues and those issues impact on public and society health. This
study has been describing about policy support. Also, has been concluded the various issues
which is related with the health promotion policies and also provide evidences for support the
issues. In this study will also explain about the impact of health promotion policies on especially
on society or community who have less or more power. In this essay writing has bee included the
role of health and social care members on issues of teenage pregnancy. The essay is all about the
teenage pregnancy and how health promotion and government policies has help to reduce this
problem in UK. In this study has been discussed the program and policies those are useful for
make people aware about the teenage pregnancy and reduce the ration of teenagers policies.
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REFERENCES
Books and journals
Cook, S.M. and Cameron, S.T., 2015. Social issues of teenage pregnancy. Obstetrics,
Gynaecology & Reproductive Medicine. 25(9). pp.243-248.
Frank, and et.al.,2015. Seven key investments for health equity across the lifecourse: Scotland
versus the rest of the UK. Social Science & Medicine.140. pp.136-146.
Hadley, A., 2017. Teenage pregnancy and young parenthood: effective policy and practice.
Routledge.
Hadley, A., Chandra-Mouli, V. and Ingham, R., 2016. Implementing the UK Government's ten-
year teenage pregnancy strategy for England (1999-2010): applicable lessons for other
countries. Journal of Adolescent Health.
Hadley, A., Chandra-Mouli, V. and Ingham, R., 2016. Implementing the United Kingdom
Government's 10-year teenage pregnancy strategy for England (1999–2010): applicable
lessons for other countries. Journal of Adolescent Health. 59(1). pp.68-74.
McCall, S.J and et.al., 2015. Evaluating the social determinants of teenage pregnancy: a
temporal analysis using a UK obstetric database from 1950 to 2010. J Epidemiol
Community Health. 69(1). pp.49-54.
Ringrose, J., 2016. Postfeminist media panics over girls’‘Sexualisation’: Implications for UK sex
and relationship guidance and curriculum. In Global perspectives and key debates in sex
and relationships education: Addressing issues of gender, sexuality, plurality and
power (pp. 30-47). Palgrave Pivot, London.
Salami, M.O., 2017. Sex Education and Teenage Pregnancy in the Niger Delta: Implications for
Secondary School Biology Curriculum in Nigeria. World Journal of Education. 5(3).
pp.73-78.
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Wellings, K and et.al., 2016. How successful was the English teenage pregnancy strategy?–
Authors' reply. The Lancet. 388(10060). pp.2604-2605.
Whitaker, and et.al,.2016. Intervention Now to Eliminate Repeat Unintended Pregnancy in
Teenagers (INTERUPT): a systematic review of intervention effectiveness and cost-
effectiveness, and qualitative and realist synthesis of implementation factors and user
engagement. Health technology assessment (Winchester, England).20(16). p.1.
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