Base Station Location and Antenna Optimization Project

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Assessment Item2
TASK AND
RESEARC
H
PROJECT
Author Name: Student ID:
Augu
st-19

Table of Contents
Design Project Tasks of an Assignment..........................................................................................2
Task1-Path loss calculation and Propagation in Free Space.......................................................2
GNU Octave code....................................................................................................................3
Simulation of Code..................................................................................................................4
Results in Graph......................................................................................................................5
Task2-Project Research...............................................................................................................6
T1-Designing of Base Station with proper location and antenna description.........................6
T2-Cellular network designing with proper justification........................................................6
References........................................................................................................................................8
Table of Figures
Figure 1 Simulated Octave Code.....................................................................................................5
Figure 2 Pr and FSPL for 150MHz..................................................................................................6
Figure 3 Pr and FSPL for 400MHz..................................................................................................6
Figure 4 Pr and FSPL for 1000MHz................................................................................................7

Design Project Tasks of an Assignment
Task1-Path loss calculation and Propagation in unrestricted Space
Specified information
Distance=d=0−30 km
Carrier Frequency=fc=150 , 400∧1000 Mhz
Transmit power=Pt =100 Watts
also we are give Transmit∧receiver antenna Gain=¿=Gr=0 dB
Required information
Path loss=Lf
Received power=Pr
GNU Octive Code
Solution
Path loss calculation
For the path loss calculation we need to know the formula which is;
Path loss∈unrestricted space=20 log10[4 πDF /c ]
Which can be further bifurcated as-
¿ 20 log 10[4 π /c ]+20 log10 [D]+20 log10 [F ]
By using property of log which is (log10 [A] +log10 [B] =log10 [A*B]) we get the equation-
¿ 32.46+20 log [F (MHz)∗D( Km)] _______eq1
 For Frequency 150Mhz
Place the given values we have in eq1;
We get-
Path loss∈unrestricted space=32.46+ 20 log [ f ( MHz )∗d ( Km ) ]
Which when calculated gives-
Path loss∈unrestricted space (dB)=105.53
 For Frequency 400Mhz
Path loss∈unrestricted space(dB)=32.46+ 20 log[f ( MHz)∗d ( Km)]
Path loss∈unrestricted space (dB)=114.05
 For Frequency 1000Mhz

Path loss∈unrestricted space(dB)=32.46+ 20 log[f ( MHz)∗d ( Km)]
Path loss∈Free space(dB)=122.01
Received power calculation
For the calculation of received power we need to calculate the lambda first;
 For Frequency 150Mhz
lambda= c
f =2
As we know the formula of received power which is-
Received power= ( pt∗¿∗gr ) /((4∗pi∗d )/lambda)2
Which when calculated gives value
¿ 2.817 e−9 watts
 For Frequency 400Mhz
lambda=c /f =0.75
Using this value of lambda we can calculate received power as-
Received power= pt∗¿∗gr
( 4∗pi∗d
lambda )2 =3.96 e−10 watt
 For Frequency 1000Mhz
We can calculate the value of lambda as-
lambda=c /f =0.3
Putting it in the formula of received power
Received power=( pt∗¿∗gr) /(( 4∗pi∗d )/lambda)2
Which can be further calculated as-
¿ 6.3389 e−11 watts
GNU Octave code
clc
Pt =100;

¿=1;
Gr=1 ;
Frequency can be determined as-
Freq=150∗106
Pi=3.141;
Also
L=3∗108
lambda=1 /Freq ;
for d=2 :32
Now we have-
ReceivedPower (d )=( Pt∗¿∗Gr)/((4∗Pi∗d−1)/lambda)2 ;
PathLossInFreeSpace (d )=((4∗Pi∗(d−1))/lambda)2 ;
FreeSpacePathLossIndB=10∗log( PathLossInFreeSpace (d)) ;
end
subplot (1,2,1)
plot ( ReceivedPower)
title( ' Receivable power ' )
xlabel(' Distance')
ylabel (' Receivable power ')
subplot (1,2,2)
plot ( FreeSpacePathLossIndB)
title(' Free space pathloss at given frequency ' )
xlabel(' Distance')
ylabel (' Free space pathloss∈dB ')
Simulation of Code

Figure 1 Simulated Octave Code
Results in Graph
 For Frequency 150Mhz

Figure 2 Pr and FSPL for 150MHz
 For Frequency 400Mhz
Figure 3 Pr and FSPL for 400MHz
 For Frequency 1000Mhz

Figure 4 Pr and FSPL for 1000MHz
Task2-Project Research
T1-Designing of Base Station with proper location and antenna description
Site Location for Base Station, Antenna Description & Basic Area for the Cell
Looking at the cell, it is observed that the center of the cell is identified to be the urban part. This
urban part is enclosed by the all towers (Gonzalez-Brevis, 2011,May). The associations of the
urban area are of very high speed that means it involves an enormous number of Towers in a
well-connected city which is situated at a particular place (Sheynblat, 2008). The number 20 cell
is the part sited as urban area. The section which is less dense than the City area and high dense
than the Rural area is the Suburban area which is marked as number 12. The areas where the
towers are lightly located are the rural area regions which are numbered as 8
T2-Cellular network designing with proper justification
Keeping in mind all the shapes of the preferred cell, the base station shape in an enhanced form
is Hexagon. We have selected the Hexagon shape for this base station cell because it consumes
the network areas with optimization in which network is accessed to all the points, having
consideration of other shapes for the base station cell (Fodor, 2012).

References
Fodor, G. D. (2012). Design aspects of network assisted device-to-device communications. IEEE
Communications Magazine, 50(3), 170-177.
Gonzalez-Brevis, P. G. (2011,May). Base station location optimization for minimal energy
consumption in wireless networks. In 2011 IEEE 73rd vehicular technology conference
(VTC .
Sheynblat, L. &. (2008). U.S. Patent No. 7,319,878. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and
Trademark Office.