Research Proposal: Telemedicine Adoption in Singapore Healthcare

This research proposal investigates the adoption of telemedicine in Singapore's healthcare industry. The study aims to explore the benefits of telemedicine, its adaptability within the Singaporean healthcare system, and strategies for effective implementation by healthcare professionals. The literature review examines existing research on telemedicine, highlighting its potential to reduce healthcare costs, improve patient care by avoiding long waiting times, and enhance patient safety through remote monitoring and error reduction. The research methodology involves a quantitative survey of physicians and nursing professionals in Singaporean hospitals. The proposal outlines the ethical considerations, including informed consent and data confidentiality, and provides a timeline for the research activities, from forming research objectives to data analysis and final draft preparation. The references include key publications supporting the research's focus on telemedicine's impact and implementation in Singapore.

Running head: ADOPTION OF TELEMEDICINE IN SINGAPORE
ADOPTION OF TELEMEDICINE IN SINGAPORE
Name of the student:
Name of the university:
Author note:

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ADOPTION OF TELEMEDICINE IN SINGAPORE
Section 1: Researchable Topic Area and Objectives:
In the clinical setting, due to lack of advanced technology, health care professionals tend
to involve in medication errors, issues with confidentiality. The Individuals in Singapore tend to
receive delayed care because of long waiting time in clinic which not only reduce patient
satisfaction but also question the patient safety. Hence, the adoption of telemedicine is one of the
most effective strategies that can improve patient safety and quality of care by minimizing these
error.
Aim:
The aim of the research is to explore the benefit of telemedicine in the health care industry of
Singapore and adaptability of the telemedicine in Singapore industry.
Objective:
 Explore the benefit of telemedicine in the health care industry of Singapore
 Explore the adaptability of the telemedicine in the health care industry of Singapore
To recommend the possible means by which the
 The strategies by which health professionals of Singapore can adopt the telemedicine
effectively.
Section 2: Literature Review:
Nguyen et al. (2016), suggested that telemedicine has shown to reduce the cost of health
care and increase the efficacy through better management, reduction of the medication errors and
provision of accessibility. Ting and Tan (2017), suggested that individuals in Singapore tend to
receive delayed care because of long waiting time in clinic. Telemedicine is effective in this

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ADOPTION OF TELEMEDICINE IN SINGAPORE
case to provide quality care by avoiding long waiting time in clinic. Consequently, it reduces the
mortality rate by enabling remote healthcare since physicians can treat patients even in an urgent
situation. Knox, Rahman and Beedie (2017), suggested that telemedicine proved to monitor
adverse patients and provide the critical record to improve the safety of the patient. Daruwalla,
Wong and Thambiah (2014), telemedicine services in Singapore tend to improve transitional
nursing therapeutic intervention and cost-effectiveness. According to socio-cognitive theory,
individuals learn a range of behaviour by observing others (Devi, Khandelwal & Das, 2017). In
this context, it can be said adopting telemedicine in one hospital can influence the adoption of
other hospitals. However, Salafi et al. (2019), suggested that potential drawback is lack of
physical contact between patients and doctors which limit physicians to assess the vital signs.
Moreover, Koh et al. (2016), suggested that telemedicine subject patients in cyber sabotage.
Research method:
In order to address the research question, the survey will be conducted in 10 hospitals in
Singapore on physicians and nursing professionals as a quantitative research design. To collect
the data of the telemedicine adaptation and efficacy, the survey questions will be sent to the
participants. The maximum responses will be collected and statistical analysis will be done with
the help of SPSS as statistical analysis. The ethical policy will be followed such as informed
consent will be gathered from the health care professionals before involving in the survey. The
ethical issues, in this case, will be the confidentiality of the participants who will be involved in
the research. In order to comply with the research ethics non-maleficence and beneficence, the
data obtained from the survey will be secured in the database so that no third party can access to
survey.

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ADOPTION OF TELEMEDICINE IN SINGAPORE
Timeline:
Activities Week1 Week2 Week3 Week3 Week4 Week5
Forming Research Objectives
Conducting literature review
Developing Research Method
Data collection and analysis
Forming final draft

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ADOPTION OF TELEMEDICINE IN SINGAPORE
References:
Daruwalla, Z. J., Wong, K. L., & Thambiah, J. (2014). The application of telemedicine in
orthopedic surgery in Singapore: a pilot study on a secure, mobile telehealth application
and messaging platform. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 2(2), e28.
Devi, B., Khandelwal, B., & Das, M. (2017). Application of Bandura’s social cognitive theory in
the technology enhanced, blended learning environment. International Journal of
Applied Research, 3(1), 721-724.
Koh, K. W. L., Wang, W., Richards, A. M., Chan, M. Y., & Cheng, K. K. F. (2016).
Effectiveness of advanced practice nurse‐led telehealth on readmissions and health‐
related outcomes among patients with post‐acute myocardial infarction: ALTRA Study
Protocol. Journal of advanced nursing, 72(6), 1357-1367.
Nguyen, H. V., Tan, G. S. W., Tapp, R. J., Mital, S., Ting, D. S. W., Wong, H. T., ... &
Finkelstein, E. A. (2016). Cost-effectiveness of a national telemedicine diabetic
retinopathy screening program in Singapore. Ophthalmology, 123(12), 2571-2580.
Salafi, T., Zeming, K. K., Lim, J. W., Raman, R., Seah, A. W. R., Tan, M. P., & Zhang, Y.
(2019). Portable smartphone‐based platform for real‐time particle detection in
microfluidics. Advanced Materials Technologies, 4(3), 1800359.
Ting, D. S. W., & Tan, G. S. W. (2017). Telemedicine for diabetic retinopathy screening. JAMA
ophthalmology, 135(7), 722-723.