The Impact of Terrorism on Tourism: A Comprehensive Research Report

This research report investigates the significant impact of terrorism on the tourism industry. It begins by providing context on the topic, highlighting the negative effects of terrorist attacks on travel and tourism. The report justifies the research project by emphasizing tourism's vital role in a country's economy. It outlines the research gap and poses several research questions, such as the reasons for terrorism in tourism and its consequences. The methodology section details the quantitative research design, data collection methods (primary data through interviews and surveys), and sampling techniques. The report also addresses ethical considerations. The findings suggest that terrorism has a negative impact on the tourism industry, affecting revenue and tourist behavior, and causing economic losses. The research includes a literature review, exploring terrorism in the 21st century, causes of attacks on tourist places, and its impact on the tourism industry. The report concludes by summarizing the key findings and implications of terrorism on the global tourism sector.

Running head: EFFECT OF TERRORISM ON TOURISM
Effect of Terrorism on Tourism
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author’s Note

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Executive Summary
The current report has focused on the impact of terrorism on tourism that plays a vital role in the
overall economy of a country. The study includes the context or background of the topic that
includes the information which are related to the trend of the organisation and location. The
justification of the research project has been provided that includes the findings of the research
that would be beneficial for the research for impacting the terrorism on tourism. It includes the
research gap along with research questions. In the section of methodology, the research design
along with data collection process has been discussed and the sampling with ethical
consideration has been included in the research.

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Table of Contents
1. Effect of Terrorism on Tourism...................................................................................................3
1.1 Context or Background on Topic..........................................................................................3
1.2 Significance and justification on the research project...........................................................4
1.3 Research Gap.........................................................................................................................5
1.4 Research Questions................................................................................................................5
2. Methodology................................................................................................................................6
2.1 Research Design....................................................................................................................6
2.2 Data Collection......................................................................................................................7
2.3 Sampling................................................................................................................................8
2.4 Ethical consideration of the project.......................................................................................8
References......................................................................................................................................10

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1. Effect of Terrorism on Tourism
1.1 Context or Background on Topic
Terrorism is a vital aspects that focuses on the overall sector of tourism and on the other
hand, tourism is also an important aspect that attracts lots of customers in a country and earns
more amount of revenue (Saha & Yap, 2014). As per the department of travel and tourism in
Australia plans these trips that includes the attacks by the terrorist that has suffered
significantly for the attacks by the terrorists. The world travel and tourism council has been
calculated over a million of industry jobs that are related to travel agents that has lost
globally on the terrorist attack on the month of September in the year 2001. This decrease the
global tourism which includes the effective demand by 7.4 % along with global travel and
tourism department (Buigut & Amendah, 2016). Therefore, terrorism has negative affect on
the extent on the relationship that includes the countries such as Brazil, India, United
Kingdom and others. Different countries has reported terrorist attack in the areas of tourism
which has greatly impacted their revenue and income from the tourist areas that leads them to
huge amount of loss.
The association with the terrorist groups has attacked several places in the history of
tourism that has pointed by the department of tourism of the country. It has been measured
that only 3.5 % of the total population of the world has the tendency to participate in the
travel that is international travel (Bassil, 2014). The American civil code includes the effect
of terrorism in the tourism industry that are directly associated with the influence of public
along with the audiences that are targeted in nature. It can be seen in recent years that the
trend of tourism has grown in the future years and it includes the increasing trend that might

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provide the boost in the overall industry. The environment of tourism has changed in recent
in a dramatic way that includes some increase number of terror attacks that might be
predominant threats in the international level. People mainly choose the destination which is
included in the overall tour plan along with some destination that would be travelled by the
tourists.
1.2 Significance and justification on the research project
Terrorism on tourism is relevant as it current happens in the current world condition that
would be included by the terrorist and tourist along with introducing the factors of tourism.
Tourism plays an important role in a country as it helps the economy to earn more amount of
money along with foreign money that would be beneficial for the country (Korstanje, 2015).
The environment for tourism has changed in the past years due to impact of terrorism in it.
Terrorism has been influencing the people of the world for preventing it in the utmost
condition along with considering it as one of the important threat in current years (Neumayer
& Plümper, 2016). In recent years, it can be seen that terrorist attack has increased with
impact of violence that has become as one of the most dominant external threats in the level
that are associated with international tourism.
The tourism industry is required to realise that the process of terrorism has become an
integrated risk in the modern days of travelling. The quality of life is mainly described by the
tourism and terrorism and both of the concept has different meaning (Ranga & Pradhan,
2014). Tourism include the life of living, enjoyment, relaxation and others which on other
hand, terrorism includes the feeling of pain, destruction, death and panic and others. The
people who are directly involved in the process of terrorism is coined as terrorist and these
terrorist performs an unlawful act that includes death, panic and destruction of social areas

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and people. Its main intention is to dethrone the current government which would be
included by providing loss to the current economy where the mainly sufferers are the
common people (Bac, Bugnar & Mester, 2015). On other words, terrorism is the act that
includes the process of revenge by providing harm to the opponent part in their current
activities. At the time of attacking of terrorism, their main objective is to threats the common
people with safety along with the need of the security. That puts negative impact on the
overall areas of tourism where the people mainly enjoys their vacation and spent certain time
for relaxation and quality time (Bowen, Fidgeon & Page, 2014). The research findings
includes the terrorist that has fallen in the path of terrorism along with including the
indispensable fabrication that helps in declining the overall factors of tourism.
1.3 Research Gap
Research gap includes certain number of question and factors that the research finds
some difficulty to answer some facts. Some of the journals and article cannot be read with
proper guidance that would be included with better understanding with the researcher. All of
the mentioned respondents have not been examined that might affect the overall answers that
are related to the questions. The researcher has face the difficulty at the time of researching
the paper which includes the impact of terrorism in tourism. All of the research includes the
effect of terrorism in the industry of tourism which might take any kind of form.
1.4 Research Questions
The following are the research question that would be included in the questionnaire.
1. `What are the basic reason for having terrorism in the field of tourism?
2. What are the impacts of terrorism in the field of tourism in a certain country?

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3. What are the factors that might increases for the process of terrorism in tourism?
4. What are the causes that includes tourism to redevelop its overall factors?
5. Who will be affected most in case of terrorism in the field of tourism?
2. Methodology
2.1 Research Design
Research design is the framework of methods that are used by the researcher along with
logical manner for handing the research problems in an effective way. The research are
required to be conducted by using this particular research methodology that mainly highlight
the research questions that would be accessed by the assessor (Liu & Pratt, 2017). In this
particular research, quantitative design has been used which includes the descriptive nature
of the methods that are included with the research design. The explaining of the research
includes surgery of the people which includes the opinions that would be beneficial for the
research to understand. The types of research that are associated with this particular research
includes the research problems that would be includes the overall process of collection of
data and analysing the result after collection of data.
The result that is project from the research is required to be neutral and includes the final
evaluated score that agrees with the results which are derivative in nature (Choy, 2014). The
research has been conducted in a daily basis that mainly involves the expected results in
similar times along with indicating the questions. The results that are obtained ensure the
standards and the research design is reliable of the availability of the research. As mentioned
above, the research design that has been mentioned in this particular research has been the
descriptive research that mainly describes the situation under the case of study (Fletcher,

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2017). The data are generally collected from the people by general survey which includes
their opinion along with insights that are required to be flown for the path of the research.
2.2 Data Collection
Data collection is a certain type of methods that are required to be used for collecting the
data which are available for the research. The research design is mainly created by the
gathers along with implementing the in-depth research that are collected by gathering along
with analysing and presents the data that are collected in nature (McCusker & Gunaydin,
2015). The researcher is able to evaluate the research that are associated with certain standard
in the field of research along with basis of the collection of data. In this particular research,
data has been collected in a primary basis which is one of the most important step in the
overall field of research. The approach for the process of data collection has been different in
different field of research along with certain demand of required information. It includes the
one of the most important objectives that ensures the rich along with reliable data that are
mainly collected for statistical data (Mukhopadhyay & Gupta, 2014). The primary data
collection method includes the direct interviews of the people that has been selected for the
research proposal.
Interviews consist of direct question that would be asked to the people and their answers
are recorded for the purpose of research. On other hand, surveys includes the some list of
questions that would be answered by the people that has been selected for specific purpose.
The questions that are included are mainly close ended questions and it includes some
options. Primary data are easy to collect and the results would be more authentic for analysis
of the questions. Both quantitative and qualitative methods has been considered which
includes both of the process that includes the survey and interviews of the participants

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(Mackert et al., 2014). The associated with the terrorist groups has attacked several places in
the history of tourism that has pointed by the department of tourism of the country. The
participants are mainly consist of both domestic as well as international tourist who generally
travel at least one in a year in any domes destination as well as international destination.
2.3 Sampling
Sampling is the process that includes the certain group of people or object that are mainly
taken for measurement. The sample is collective terms of the objects that would help in
establishing the betterment of the research (Anney, 2014). Sampling in research mainly
consist of two types of sampling methods in which stratified sampling and random sampling
is also included. Stratified sampling in the process of dividing the samples into specific
groups and the members would be selected from each group in a random manner. In this
specific process, each of the sample includes the chance that highlights their possibility
which is totally based on their statistics. On other hand, random sampling is also another type
of sampling procedure in research that provides equal chance for each of the members who
are present in the samples. In this particular research, random sampling has been used as the
research includes both of the qualitative data as well as quantitative data for the research
(Dumay & Cai, 2015). The respondents are the target population who would be asked the
question that are included in the part of research questions. The target populations would be
the tourist who travels in different places and it also includes some domestic travellers as
well as international tourists.
2.4 Ethical consideration of the project
At the time of researching, the researcher has considered all of the ethics that would be
included in the study. The acceptable behaviour has been included in the research that helps

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in determining the standards of conduct from what is right and what is wrong. The ethical
norms might be tempted with the simple sense that are required to be included with the
ethical disputes for the overall process of research. The researcher in this particular research
has not forced any of the respondents for making the opinion favourable in nature and the
research has been conducted in an unbiased manner that includes the real and positive
opinion of the respondents. The Equality Act has been included which helps in providing
equality to all of the respondents along with maintaining all of the factors that might
influence the outcome of the research. In addition to this, Data Protection Act has been used
for protecting the data of the respondents and prevents it from falling in the wrong hands. All
the collected data are safe as per the knowledge of the researcher and the data has been
collected by not forcing any of the respondents in the overall process of research.

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References
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trustworthiness criteria. Journal of Emerging Trends in Educational Research and Policy
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Bac, D. P., Bugnar, N. G., & Mester, L. E. (2015). Terrorism and its impacts on the tourism
industry. Revista Română de Geografie Politică, 17(1), 5-11.
Bassil, C. (2014). The effect of terrorism on tourism demand in the Middle East. Peace
Economics, Peace Science and Public Policy, 20(4), 669-684.
Bowen, C., Fidgeon, P., & Page, S. J. (2014). Maritime tourism and terrorism: customer
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tourism, 17(7), 610-639.
Buigut, S., & Amendah, D. D. (2016). Effect of terrorism on demand for tourism in
Kenya. Tourism Economics, 22(5), 928-938.
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method. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 20(2), 181-194.

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