Tesco PLC: Evaluation of Leadership and Management Approaches

This report examines the management and leadership practices within Tesco PLC, a major multinational grocery retailer. It differentiates between the roles of managers and leaders, highlighting their respective responsibilities and characteristics. The report analyzes the product life cycle management at Tesco, and discusses the importance of leadership skills, the functions of managers, and the impact of various situations, such as globalization and technological advancements, on leadership and management roles. It explores situational, system, and contingency leadership approaches, providing insights into their strengths and weaknesses. Furthermore, the report delves into key approaches to operations management, including Total Quality Management, Just-In-Time Inventory, and Continuous Improvement (Kaizen), discussing their advantages and disadvantages. The analysis covers the authority actions of managers and leaders in driving organizational success, focusing on Tesco PLC's operational strategies and their impact on the company's goals.

Unit 4
MANAGEMENT AND
OPERATION

INTRODUCTION
The administrative main aim is to solve issues and make better decisions to build a system
that is more effective and profitable. The Management's basic function is to plan, lead and
control the working of company members and using optimization of resources as possible to
achieve the objective or the set mission of the organisation. Its real job is to meet specific tasks
and goals (Bowman and Gatignon, 2010). This article is based on Tesco Product life cycle. This
is a British multinational grocery with main office in Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire,
England, and United Kingdom. This firm is the third biggest retailer in the world. It has stores in
12 countries relatively. It also highlights the differences between management and leadership.
The main purpose of this report is to evaluate the fortitude and instability of various strategies to
the situations.
P 1Various actions and aspect of a head and an administrator
In Tesco PLC firm, managers are high performers at the employee level. They are
managing and receiving the actions according to their role and head responsibilities is seen in
their strategy. Tesco product life cycle management is needed appropriate directorship
intelligence that are difficult to learn because all the skill is behavioural in quality. This is
difficult to teach to someone to manage an appropriate part by explaining how to manipulate it
and trying to teach efficiently arrange a sale. This is the reason that the responsibilities of
manager are so challenging (Cheverton, 2015). Once someone wisely forenamed that the
directorship is doing the appropriate concept as the right time, at right place and Tesco PLC
Company. For work together two skills are needed. Every member must have the courage to
manage all the parts of work and send results, that analysing convenience for the changes.
Having appropriate authority skills but without the Tesco PLC organisation art will permit the
person with the weaknesses to achieve well with the perception (Cohen, 2015). Without
appropriate leadership skills will get challenges continuously to manage the team to produce the
product in the firm. To Being able mix, these two qualities is truly remarkable.
 Manager: One of the best responsibilities of manager is that this person only gives an
authority by the quality of their action. They ensure that the work gets completed and
arrange the other activities. Director have a good mandate and supervising strategy. They
organize people to accomplish tasks.
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 Leader: characteristics of a leader is that it is assumed that the person would be a born
leader, but this lead to a misconception that the directorship is an art that all people have
from born. To understand features of a head one is who have many strategies to manage
the employees with their task (Dransfield, 2011). They excite the members of the firm to
ride by their own. Heads are providing the agility to the members to produce a good
quality product.
P2 Analysis of Role of leaders and functions of a manager by range concepts
 Leaders: Their main objective is “achieving of set goals & aims in the organisation.” It
plays an important role in employee performance and their productivity by motivating
the workers in different ways. They set an efficient perception for Tesco PLC
organization and motivates employees and builds their morale (Ferguson and Lavinia,
2007).
 Management: The main feature of getting objective is that use all appropriate resources
in efficient way. Controller has many resources for investment in the industry rather than
money. Managers just don't haphazardly perform their responsibilities. Five functions of
management are: outlining, staffing, constructing, dominant, and supervising (Ferrell and
Hartline, 2012).
In normal terms, leadership involves interaction between two or more members of groups
that often involves structuring or restructuring of the situation and expectations of the members.
The job of manager is to outline construct and controlling. Job of the leader is to encourage
employee in the company. The leader’s job is to inspire and motivate. The leader's focus is on
the people and not over the Tesco PLC management.
 Analysis of leaders: Leadership involves influence that may change people's mind-set.
A very common responsibility is managing the situation when researcher is not achieving
the path, data and results about head. Researchers are staring to focus on what
directorship was most efficient and effective in a condition. They ask about what task to
be performed and the reason to do that work. They always originate with new ideas for
the task (Freytag and Mansard, 2011).
 Functions of managers: Controller adopt directorship techniques based on the various
conditions. Based on the different sequence of features in the condition they arrange the
decisions and strategies. For example, responsibilities of workers, category of job,
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 P2: You are required to write about the various situations that affects the roles and
functions of leaders and managers that is:
Various situation affecting leaders are:
Situational leadership as postulated by the Hersey and Blanchard i.e. Telling,
Selling, Participating and Delegating (please make reference to the course materials
and explain those situations accordingly or read up the theory on the internet in
order to provide good information about those situations above.
Secondly, other various situations affecting the roles of leaders and managers are:
 Globalisation
 Advancement in Technology
 Increase in Competition
 Processes or internal controls etc.
There are different types of barriers that can occur in the company and a manager and a
leader has a responsibility to provide appropriate guidelines and instruction to an employee.
Tesco employees are not able to produce innovative item and services because manager are not
able to give appropriate instruction on advanced technology. All the companies follows various
techniques to manage the environment of the workplace in an entity. Tesco manager needs to
identify the techniques which are followed by the other competitors so that it helps to maintain
employee relation and also helps to get desired target in an industry.
 administration architecture, own desire, and influences of the higher administration all
these decide decision of the manager. Manager's job is to focus on the Tesco PLC system
and its structure. They ask the questions of how and when the job must be done (Benson
and Barclay, 2012). They imitate the work given to them with no addition of any
innovation.
 Contrast between leaders & managers: Directorship and administration is not the
same but they are connected. Any achievement to isolate the two will give more
difficulties. The manager is expected to administer, but a leader tends to innovate.
Manager is a replica of another person, but leader is original. A supervisor relies on the
control of the system whereas pioneer inspires on trust. In Tesco PLC, a manager has
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very short-range view, contrary to this a leader have long-range perspective. The position
once given to the manager is for lifetime, and he does not work to maintain it, but the
leader continues to challenge the post at every stage of life.
P 3Explanation situational and system leadership and contingency
 Conditional directorship is that in which when the head and a controller must
accommodate to capable with the level of the believer by trying to get motivation. The
major conditional directorship is function suited and Tesco firm manage the head those
have directorship techniques for the achievement preparation. This leadership includes
one-way communication where head gives the actions for the personal and finds out
where, how and why to do the functions. In this leadership the individuals are provided
with socio-emotional support (Blank son and Kalifates, 2007).
 System Leadership It creates delegates through which it shares decisions about how the
task is completed and how the head will provide the solutions and methods. It requires
standards of the perfection for success across Tesco PLC firm. Head must be able to
work in different sectors and put in teams form different firms. we form and provide help
to the firm and directorship evolution functions to guide Tesco PLC systems heads that
sends across an entire system (Camerer, 2009). We allow heads to convert abstract firm
systems into the actual action by outlining procedure and techniques like mapping,
diagrams and duplication.
 Contingency it is a firm study that claims there is no appropriate way to manipulate and
manage the Tesco PLC Company or to lead the business or to create agreement. The
actual solutions of the system based on the conditions like internal and the external. It is
generated by two research programs that is used to identify efficient headship character
(Cooke, 2010). Even though multiple sets of leadership nature that was originally
identified on two nature of behaviours that is for the effective header the one is the
consideration head nature that consists better agreement, social relations, showing
support and interest for the members and the another one is the structure that is provided
to the employees like actions, outlining and schedule for task completion and
achievement fulfilment for Tesco PLC.
D1. It has been analysed that there are different theories of roles and characteristics of leaders
and managers in various approaches to it. It also explains the function of managers and leaders in
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numerous situations. Theories and approaches are Behavioural Theories and Contingency
Theories. The behavioural theories give a perspective which focuses on the nature of the leaders.
Contingency study says there is no another way of dominant there are some people whose
performance is high but less performance is taken by their element. It has been depicted that the
functions of a manager, that is to organise and manage the system and the role of leaders to bring
innovative ideas in the uplifting of the Tesco PLC organisation.
Different pros and cons of the approaches and theories
The strengths of situational leadership are that it is very flexible and can easily adjust with the
environment. The weakness is that, this is not consistent and can vary for different scenario.
The pros of system leadership are takes the opinion of every individuals of the system. The cons
are that it can be a slow process because it is a shared system leadership.
The advantage of Contingency is that it gives instant solutions dependent on internal and
external situations. The disadvantage is that it is not predictable in nature.
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LO3
P4 Defining authority actions that controller & directors play: -
 You are required to provide adequate information about the key approaches to
operations management. Those key approaches are:
 Total Quality Management
 Just-In-Time Inventory
 Concept of Continuous Improvement (Kaizen)
 Provide additional information about the advantages and disadvantages of each
and;
 What managers needs to do in each
 (Note that what you have below is very irrelevant to this task, so delete!)
 Authority Actions: It refers to that system which managed, improved & designed which
create the goods & services of the organisation. It is therefore it is captious to success of
the business organisation. The Tesco PLC Company has an operations function that
grasp all the actions which is appropriate to create and bring a company's utility to its
prospects or clientele.’ Tesco PLC purpose is the system involves the production of
goods (Ferguson and Lavinia, 2007).
 Manager: it fills a central action in an organisation & the business concern. The simple
duty of a supervisor relies upon the large part of their basic nature & the organisation
size, but they require a vast scope of the organisation social intelligence for the success.
Based on their plan oversees and smooth’s connection. Managers perform a vital action
in administrating both the aspect; raw material & personnel. Their main role is to budget,
control costs and keep the Tesco PLC company on the path of finance. Their
administration of chain of supplying advice to minimize costs of production.
 They analyse the organisation forecasting & the auction reports & statement of finance
to find the paths that improve the results (Freytag and Mansard, 2011). They apply the
methodologies of the analysis of benefits of cost to maximize the ability.
 Leader: they through their traits of directorship that help to integrate the personal
objective of the workers of Tesco PLC administration aims. He sorts the coordination &
efforts of the person based on the same purpose & therefore perform the goals.
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Leadership is a function that is essential for the levels of administration. For a leader it is
essential for getting the corporation in foundation of policies & the plans, and, they
require interpreting & apply the programs & plans that framed by the top administration.
Directorship can be applying by the guiding of the junior management at the time of
execution of plans. Directors are the managers and a person who entertains and invites
support and co-operation of subordinates. This he can be done by his charisma, agility,
capability & level of understanding which can provide him positive result (Kalifates,
2012). They must give suggestions and implement them into plans and programmes of
enterprise. This way, they can solicit full support of employees which results in
eagerness to work and the surviving the effectiveness of Tesco PLC company.
Key approaches of operation management as follows:
1. TQM: This approach of operational management is to provide good quality product and
services to the customers. In this approach they used different types of tools and
techniques to control the quality of the product.
By using this system in the company the can easily get desire target and deliver high quality
product to the client. It helps to identify the issue in the quality of the product and a manger can
easily take appropriate decision based on the barrier. Manager needs to take decision based on
the issue and it helps to improve a quality of the products and services in a market.
2. JIT: In this type of approach they reduce the time of production system as well as
response time from supplier and to the clients. By applying this technique, they can
increase productivity in the industry.
Tesco uses this strategy which helps to increase an efficiency of a work. It helps to increase an
efficiency and decrease waste by receiving products only as company are needed ion the
production process. It helps to decrease the inventory cost. Main advantages of this strategy is it
reduces the cost inventory and they can easily get higher performance in the market. Manger can
easily produce a good quality product by providing appropriate guidelines to an employee.
3. Kaizen: it improves all the functions by involving the employees from the assembly line
workers.
This approach helps to improve a quality of the product and services in the company.
Advantages of this technique is that it gives more efficient way to know the quality of the item
and a manger can easily take decision for the improvement. Disadvantages is it is time
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consuming to identify he quality of the product. Manger has a responsibility to involve an
employee in decision making system so that they can get new ideas for the improvement of the
quality of the product in a firm.
P5 Importance of Operations Management for Business Objectives.
Operations management involves an administration task heedless of what organisation or
business operates. It includes Directing, preparation in advance, galvanising & arranging. It
ranges across the Tesco PLC administration as a part of approaching & organisational
operations.
 Features of operational management: In Tesco PLC business, operation administration
is more necessary in every scene of the organisational activities. It ensures sustain
efficiency & effectiveness in Tesco PLC organisation that can be achieved by
understanding ability as well like human specialisation & their inputs are used heedless
of the purpose that expand the organisation. (Camerer, 2009). Tesco PLC organisation by
their action assure that the main goal for its enforcement to create benefits & increase the
shareholder's amount is real. The company diminishes the cost of manufacture by
making sure that touchable and unreal capitals are not diminished.
The Tesco PLC organisation the carry out its goals effectively to be the industry head
using less resources to accomplish more profit. The understanding of capability & efficiency in
company leads to productivity of worker, earnings, & effectively fill capital utilization of
working & the capability of system of production.
 Benefits of operational management: In a wider sense, the operational excellence
involves making continuous improvements to the Tesco PLC organisation to get the
challenging merits. For accomplishing so, organisation less amount for the client & their
individual benefits of finance. By using viable management, Tesco PLC system has
developed an efficient method in which members focus on correcting complications as
soon they resolved. All members have the instructions & employees have the information
and endorsement to resolve the complications that create effect the chain of organisations
in which the work. (Cooke, 2010).
 Technical benefits of operational management: In organisational condition, is a basic
element of the operational administration in Tesco PLC company is acknowledged of
technology. Advance automation creates it possible to build improved products by
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optimization of resources. As scientific methods constitutionally change in a product,
their performances & the quality that increases, creating high value of production in the
market. (Ferguson and Lavinia, 2007). But the high technology based organisations
applications has making the new challengers as well, creating it so essential for the
business concern to their merits in each zone of the operational system in the
organisation.
P6 Effect of Managers and Leaders in Operational management to meet business objectives
 Influence of Managers in operational management: they play a very crucial role in
organising the Tesco PLC Company and improve its efficiency. They can manage
simultaneously both people and the raw materials. In business point of view, they help to
reduce cost of production and improves reports.
 Influence of the leader in operational management: they make efforts to coordinate
people to work for a specific purpose. They require support of the subordinates for

 P6: You are required to assess the factors impacting the business environment of
operations management. Those factors are
 Market Factor
 Economic Factor
 Political Factors
 Social Factors
 Technological Factors
 Legal Factors etc.
Market factor: Manager needs to identify the client needs from the analysis and then provide
innovative item to the consumers.
Economic factor: Government policies and tax affects the economical condition company needs
to adopt new policies that helps to maintain relationship between the employees.
Political factor: In UK, there are many political changes government provides different policies
such as employment and education law that Tesco should adopt so that it helps to give security
to the employees.
Social factor: There are different types of social factor such as health and safety, sex distribution
etc. Tesco must provide appropriate policies to maintain relationship between the employees.
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Technological factor: Tesco use innovative technologies such as social media and internet for the
promotion that helps to attract a consumer and also increase a productivity in the market.
Legal factor: Tesco uses these laws such as employment, discrimination, health and safety law
that is provided by the government of UK.
 proper execution of the plans and policies. Leaders should be intelligent, innovative, and
experience holder then only they can perform their job successfully.
In Decision making approach can be explained as the path in which the individual
perception can be described as the way in which individuals interpret the organisational
environment. A lone insight can consequences that based on the decision making &
problem solving.
 Leaders in decision making: Task of the head offers the ongoing talent & essential new
acumen into directorship & administration activities in Tesco PLC administration
operations. Leaders is to discover a scientific break-through which is based on their
knowledge & experience & their capability of the selection of the participating persons
with the goal of improvement in the quality that based on the decision-making among the
heads & the entire establishment of Tesco PLC business aims, goals & performances
objectives, and performance (Freytag and Mansard, 2011). Head must know that the
decision making & keeping the interest of all the involved shareholders.
 Managers in decision-making: Tesco PLC Company have the formulating the policies
& procedures which is developed to revolve the basic complications & give guidance to
the administrator when the decision-making process occur. This organisation has based
on the disciplinary documentation procedures that usually give guidance to their leaders
by the process that resolve the issues & problems of staffing persons.
Operational management concerns the administration structure of the system. The Tesco
PLC organisation have various proportions of administration which is carried with the authority
degrees. The degree of responsibility that effects on the procedure of the decision a single can
create. Operations management brings to business owners, managers and leaders the idea of the
individual & the resources is positively effective & efficient, managed, with organisational skill
and control for commodity based organisations. It helps to study with the organisational owns &
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