Analysis of Leadership and Management in Tesco Operations

This report delves into the concepts of management and operations, focusing on their application within Tesco, a major retail company. It begins by comparing the distinct roles and characteristics of leaders and managers, highlighting their responsibilities in achieving organizational goals. The report then explores the roles of leaders and managers in various situations, emphasizing the importance of motivation, vision setting, and providing direction. Furthermore, it examines key leadership theories, including situational, system, and contingency leadership, and their practical application within Tesco's operational framework. The report also discusses the significance of operations management in achieving business objectives and identifies factors within the business environment that influence operational decision-making by leaders and managers. Overall, the report provides a comprehensive analysis of leadership and management practices within Tesco, emphasizing their impact on operational efficiency and business success.

Management and Operation

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Compare and different roles and characteristic of a leader and a manager...........................1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
P2 Role of a leader and the function of a manager in different situation....................................3
P3 Theories and models of approach of situational leadership, system leadership and
contingency.................................................................................................................................4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
P4 Key approaches to operations management and the role that leader and manager play........6
P5 Importance and value of operations management in achieving business objectives.............6
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................7
P6 Factors within the business environment that impact upon operational management and
decision making by leaders and managers..................................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10
.......................................................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Management and operation is an effective area of direction which define all the
administration business practice in order to converting the labour into final goods and services.
This process helps in maximizing the overall profit of company. Basically it focus on managing
all the process which help to produce effective services that use by the company to offered to its
customers. Operation management is one of the important functions of business because it helps
in analysing the whole performance of business in order to achieve final goals and objectives
within stipulated time period (Operations and Project Management (OPM), 2017). Operation
management helps in managing, planning, organizing and controlling all the areas of production
which helps in offering quality products in front of customers. Present report is based on Tesco
which is the biggest retail store that provides quality products and services to their customers in
order to achieve higher satisfaction. In this report, various roles and functions of leader and a
manager are mentioned. Different theories and approaches of leadership are also discussed along
with describing the importance of operations management in order to attain final goals and
objectives.
TASK 1
P1 Compare and different roles and characteristic of a leader and a manager
Leaders are the people who lead team members and motivate employees in order to
improve their skills and knowledge in an appropriate manner. They have ability to develop their
employee’s motivation so that they would easily accept all the challenges in order to find better
solution. Leaders are the important part of the organization because they have best capability to
get the work done with their employees to achieve best outcomes. One of the important aims of
leader is to encourage employees so that they will perform their best and achieve positive results.
Managers are persons who manage all activities that are performed in the organization.
They give the best direction of predetermined goals in firm. For achieving goals and objectives,
they set better strategies and policies at their workplace so that all the employees would perform
their task to achieve objectives effectually (Bessa and Matos, 2012). They also set various level
in which they easily manage all the task as well as work in various department. They also focus
on the employee’s performance by providing better facilities to their workers so that they put
their efforts to achieve success.
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For better comparison, difference between leader and manager is define as below:
Managers Leaders
One of the important works of manager is to
set better objectives of organization.
On the other hand, leaders carry out all
objectives of manager in business.
Manger defines their policies to the leaders. In this, leader communicates all policies to
their employees so that they would easily
influence their workers towards the work.
Manager gives better direction to all the
department as well as various groups.
Leaders give instruction and guidance to their
team members so that they would perform their
best.
One of the important roles of manager is
planning for the benefit of company (Bhagat,
Bolton and Subramanian, 2011).
In the same line, leader motivates and
encourages their team members towards
completing tasks.
Manager focuses on all the things which
performed in the organization.
But the leader only focuses on their
employee’s performance and working process.
Along with this, there are some roles of manager which are as follows: Provide training: In Tesco, it is more important for the manager to provide better
training and development programs to their employees which aid in improving their
overall performance and they perform all the tasks in an appropriate manner. Monitoring and controlling: It is an important duty of manager to monitor and control
all activities which are performed in the business organization. It helps in improving the
overall productivity of company.
 Motivate: For improve all the activities, manager provides better guidance to their
employees so that they put best efforts toward the work and achieve better results.
Role of leaders:
It is different from the manager because they focus on team members and their
performance:
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 Team building: One of the important functions of best leaders is to make a better team so
that all unit members work as a group and achieve all the goals and objectives in an
effective manner (Castro and Tomàs, 2011).
 Require at all level: In this, the leader’s support is required at every level of
management. At top level, it helps in setting the best policies and plan and at middle
level, they implement all policies which help in improving the performance level of
employees.
Characteristic of leader and managers: Positive attitude: It is more important for the manager and leader to have a positive
attitude so that they can maintain a positive work environment for their employees which
help in improving their performance level. Confident: Both are confident in the Tesco company because they easily maintain the
confidence level of employees which helps them in accepting all challenges and finding
out the better solution of problems. Motivator: In context of Tesco , manager and leaders both are motivators so that they
would encourage their employees towards the work so that they can perform their best to
achieve the final goals.
 Creative: It is more important for the manager and leader that they should be creative so
that they can easily find out an effective solution (Cheng and et. al., 2012).
TASK 2
P2 Role of a leader and the function of a manager in different situation
Manager and leader play important role in business organization. Because both are
responsible to motivate their employees and get better results in appropriate manner. In the
context of Tesco, it provide various services to their customers in which they face many
circumstances in their manufacturing process. They focus on motivating their employees so that
they achieve better results in order to improve the overall performance of the company. In this
there are various roles of leader and manager in different situation are as follows: Motivate workers: One of the important role of the leader is to motivate their team
members toward the work as well as task. For this they provide benefits to their workers
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so that they easily improve their productivity which directly contribute in overall success
of the company ate market place. Set vision: Leader is more important for the company vision. For this they measure as
well as evaluate the employees skills in effective manner. In Tesco company the manager
do the same which helps them to setting their future activities and also define the way
that how to reach on their vision.
 Give direction: Leaders are important for the tea because they provide better guidance to
their employees so that they perform their best and get positive results.
On the other hand there are some function of manager in Tesco are as follows: Planning: It is important process of the company in which the manager of the company
set their future activities in appropriate manner. In this the manager provide the proper
fund to the business activities to make the effective plan which aid in improving the
overall performance of the company (Cruz and Marques, 2011). In this the manager of
the Tesco prepare the written business plan which define the future activities. Organising: In this manager of the company allocate all the resources in different
department to execute their activities. With the help of this they set their goals and
objectives. They also give better attention in order to achieve the better results. Directing: This process organized after allocating the resources in various department of
the Tesco. In this the manager provide better guidance as well as direction to their
employees to perform their task in order to achieve the target. In this the manager
communicate with their employees about their job. Staffing: It is more important function of the manager to hie and recruit skilled
employees who perform their job effectively and get best results. The manager of the
Tesco do the same for hire experienced candidates in their organizational activities. Leading: In this, it is important function of the manager to provide better guidance in
order to motivate their employees so that they perform their bets and achieve positive
results. One of the best advantage of this function is to encourage employees morale
toward the work.
 Controlling: In this situation the manager of the company compare all the results which
is related to the business activities which helps in taking the best action in the business
activities.
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P3 Theories and models of approach of situational leadership, system leadership and contingency
Leaders and managers are one of the important part of the business because they motivate
and encourage their employees to perform their best (Lv and et. al., 2011). They use various
strategies to develop the workers confidence so that they easily accept all the challenges and find
out the better solution of the problems. In this context, leader of the Tesco use various leadership
theories to enhance the overall growth of the company at market place. All these effective
theories are as follows:
Situational theory: In this it define the skills and capabilities of the employees which is
required by the leader to complete all the task in effective manner. In this the operation
management of the Teso define the various situation in which the leader set their process
according to the situation (Pham and et. al., 2010). In the present time the company face cost
issue in their it define the increased cost of the operational activities which reduce the overall
profitability of the company. In this they use effective process in their operational department so
that they maintain their cost in effective manner. In this that no particular style is effective
because manager and leader set all the theories according to the situation so that they easily
completing all the task from its team members and get better results. This theory having flexible
nature which helps in the increasing the employees growth in effective manner. There are some
effective points which covers in this theory which are as follows:
 It helps in defining the innovative work and set new people at the workplace.
 In this the leader should able to give direction to deal any kind of situation to set the
better target.
System leadership theory: It is one of the best theory which is used by the leader to
resolve the problems in effective manner. In any case of complex situation the leader is
responsible to resolve the issue in effective manner. For this they fine out the better solution as
well as conclusion which helps the to resolve appropriately. In this the leaders communicate with
the employees regarding the situation and also provide better guidance to complete all the task
accordingly. System theory help to the manager to implement all the changes effectively.
Contingency leadership theory: It is related to the situational theory because itr affect
to the employees according to the situation. This their used by the leader as per the
circumstances at the workplace. Manager of the company used this theory in their business
process so that they can easily take effective decision (Qingfeng and et. al., 2011). This process
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helps in managing the better relationship among all the employees and its administration. In this
they provide better guidance to their employees so that they perform their task with more
efficiency. Basically this theory is related to the ideas, opinion and views of the company which
helps them in taking the better decision in appropriate manner.
TASK 3
P4 Key approaches to operations management and the role that leader and manager play
Operation management plays vital role in managing business. It is related to planning
and designing the activities of business operations.
 Planning- Planning is required before starting any work. It helps company to do its
operations in systematic manner. It is duty of manager of this company to make and
execute plans.
 Managing- In companies employees works in team to carry business operations
effectively. Managers can motivate the team and make them work in proper manner (Wu,
2012).
 Coordinating- Coordination is necessary for success of an organization. Manager can
bring all departments work together and ensures coordination among them.
Approaches of operation management
Total quality management(TQM)- This approach states that, every employee must work on
increasing standards of quality in production and operations. Important aim of TQM is to
eliminate barriers in production process and reducing extra cost of production. Training is
required for this purpose.
Just- In- Time- It is an inventory strategy used by company to enhance efficiency of workers
and reduce wastage. It is done by forecasting the demand in accurate manner. This approach is
necessary to improve the quality of products. It is managers work to design effective production
process. Main issues of this approach are reducing the wastage and cost.
Lean production- It is an systematic technique used to minimize wastage in production
process. This helps in reducing work load from workers . It emphasizes on standard quality of
services which will satisfy needs and preferences of end users (Yin and Yang, 2011).
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P5 Importance and value of operations management in achieving business objectives
Operational management is one of the important process in which the manager and leader
of the company manage their business activities in effective manner. It also helps in achieving
the organizational goals in appropriate time period. There are some importance of the operational
management are as follows: Minimizing wastage: In this the operation management helps in reducing the wastage of
the resources and improve the quality standard of all the services. Better operational
management helps in reducing the production cost and increase the profitability level of
the company. Profit maximisation: If wastage of the resources are decreased then in automatically
increase the overall profitability of the company (Yin, X. and et. al., 2010). In this the
reduction of the production cost aid in increasing the profitability level of the Tesco. For
this the company use advances and new technologies for achieving the organizational
objectives. Consumer satisfaction: The main aim of Tesco is to achieve the higher satisfaction of
the customers by delivering quality services to them. They always focus on their
manufacturing process so that they provide quality services and also provide better job
opportunities to the people in order to improve their living standard.
 Improving quality standard: Tesco improve quality standard of the services which helps
them to achieving the higher satisfaction of their customers. With the help of this they
easily develop their goodwill of the company at market place.
TASK 4
P6 Factors within the business environment that impact upon operational management and
decision making by leaders and managers
Business environment define the internal and external surroundings which directly impact
of the operational management and its decision making process.
Internal factors: It define those factors which exist in the business and impact on the decision
making process of the company. Customers: Consumers play important role in organizational success because they buy
their products for their satisfaction. So that it is important for the Tesco to produce and
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offer quality services to their customers in order to increase their satisfaction level (Yin
and Yang, 2011). If they are failed in satisfying their needs so that they reduce their
profitability. Employees: They are more important for the company because they work for achieving
the success which improve the overall performance of the company at marketplace. In
this manager provide better raining and development programs so that they improve their
working performance and provide better services to their target customers. Better
performance of the employees directly impact on company image at marketplace. Suppliers: One of the important responsibility of the supplier to provide quality raw
material at minimum cost so that leaders and manager easily select the best sullies who
provide them at low cost (Wu, 2012). If supplier can not able to provide material
particular time period it negatively affect the production process of the company. That
reduce the productivity of the firm at market place.
 Organizational structure: All the directors and professional management which define as
well as set the policies for their employees to completing the task in order to achieve the
better outcomes. Organization structure define the effective pattern in which they take
better decision according to the performance of the workers. Effective structure of the
business helps in improving the overall performance of the company.
External factors: All these factors are uncontrollable by the company that directly affect the
operation process of the company. It is important for the Tesco to analysis these factors in order
to maintain the effective process with in the company. Legal factors: In this the government of UK set their policies and act which is important
for the company to follow all the rules and regulation so that they reduce the chances of
arising the unethical work the workplace. Political factors: This factors are continuously changed so that they directly impact of
the organizational operations. Every government set some rules and regulation which is
followed by the company to maintain their performance in ethical manner.
 Technological factors: It is more important for the company to attain the higher success
at market. For this Tesco use new and advanced technologies in their operation process
so that they easily maintain their quality and cost. With the help of this they reduce their
operational cost and improve their overall productivity by delivering quality products at
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affordable price (Qingfeng, W. and et. al., 2011). Technological factors are one of the
important for improving the company performance and capture large market share from
its rivals.
CONCLUSION
From the above mentioned report, it can be concluded that leaders and managers play an
important role in business organization because both are manager and control all the activities of
the company and employees. They set various strategies and policies to improve their employees
performance at workplace in order to improve overall productivity which directly contribute on
overall success of the company. In this the leader use various leadership style to motivate their
employees and also increase their morale so that they easily accept all the challenges and fine
better solution of any kind of problems. They also include various factors which helps them to
take effective decision in the organizational activities.
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