Analysing Organisational Behaviour: A Case Study of TESCO

This report provides an in-depth analysis of TESCO's organizational behaviour, focusing on its culture, communication strategies, and impact on employee motivation and overall effectiveness. The report begins with an executive summary that highlights the key aspects of organizational behaviour ...Read More

Organisational
Behaviour

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Organization behaviours is very necessary for a company because by it they able to
understand employees behaviours that how a person will react in diverse situation or condition.
This repost is based on TESCO which is a private company and conducting its business in retail
industry. Along with this it offer variety of products and services such as supermarket,
hypermarket, superstore and many other. This assignment will include theories and method like
Handy's Topology model which help company in understanding culture and how it will improver
communication within workplace. It will also helpful in developing employees relation because
it will motivate and encourage staffs for conducting appropriate work.

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................4
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................4
Identify its culture in line with a theoretical model of an organization..................................4
Explore how culture improves organisational effectiveness with a focus on communication6
Evaluate the role of culture on employee motivation.............................................................7
Evaluate how the company could use the culture of the organisation to further enhance its
success....................................................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFRENCES.................................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Organization behaviour refers to study related to the way an individual or a group
perform its work or activities within an organisation. It help management in evaluating behaviour
of a person at a workplace as well as it will also evaluate factors which affect on structure of job,
performance of staffs, communication, leadership style, motivation techniques and so on.
Organization behaviour help a firm in various ways such as development of employees skills,
leads to personal growth, increase effectiveness of organization , individual and team, improving
communication and many more (Andersson, Jackson and Russell, 2013). Organisation selected
for respective assignment is TESCO Plc which is a private limited company and operate its
business in retail industry. It is founded by Jack Cohen in year 1919. Its headquarters is at Tesco
House, Welwyn Garden City, England. The respective company have near about 6,569 numbers
of shops at worldwide level. They serve at various locations such as United Kingdom, Ireland,
India, Malaysia, Thailand, Hungary, Poland and many more. They offer variety of products such
as supermarket, hypermarket, superstore and convenience shop. Along with this, respective
company also have number of subsidiaries such as Tesco bank, Tesco Mobile, Tesco Ireland,
Spenhill, Booker Group, Jack's and many more. Topics covered in this assignment are theories of
culture, major factors related to culture which help company improving communication. Along
with this it will explain role of culture that helps in employees motivation and how a firm use
culture for growth. By adopting these theories respective company able to conduct their work
properly and effectively. This will also help them in decision making as well as production
process as well as this will also help in motivating employees so that they conduct their work or
task in effective manner.
MAIN BODY
Identify its culture in line with a theoretical model of an organization
Organization culture refers to an environment which share values, beliefs and
assumptions in order to evaluate how an individual react or behave within a workplace on
different task or topics. It will help company in maintaining and influencing behaviour of staffs
as well as it will also direct employees in various ways such as how to dress within organization,
perform activities, communicate with others and many more. For this an organisation can use
various theories related to culture. Explanation of Handy's Topology model is mentioned below:-

Handy's Topology model-
This theory is developed by Charles Handy and according to him there are four diverse
type of culture of an organization i.e. Power, Role, Task and Person, that is describe below:-
 Peoples Culture: According to this culture an individual or employees seems themselves
as a superior as well as unique with in a workplace. They think that the organization is
exist only for peoples to work (Ashkanasy and Humphrey, 2011). Organisation which
follow peoples culture are consider as business venture that is full with employees with
similar kind of background, experiences and training such as accountants and lawyers.
 Role Culture: Organization which follow or adopt role culture are based on rules and
regulations as well as they are always connected with everyone. In this every employees
know their role and responsibilities which help them in conducting work in effective
manner. Power in respective culture is determine by their role or job position within an
organisation. This will also determine their decision making authority.
 Task Culture: It refers to a culture in an organisation where management form a group
in order to conduct or accomplish a particular task or project. The power of task culture is
determined by effectiveness of team and their work (Avey, Palanski and Walumbwa,
2011). So here in order to complete task team is formed with those person who have
mixture of skills, leadership quality, team sprite and personality. Along with this in this
power is lies with experienced and deserving persons.
 Power Culture: It refers to situation within an organization that the power lies among
few individuals and those individuals have power to influence others at a workplace for
conducting work in effective manner. Moreover in this control of a particular work is
conducted form centre and it is concentrated among few members. In this culture, staffs
has to follow few rules and regulations along with some bureaucracy.
In respect of TESCO, they conduct their work by adopting task culture in which
management form a group according to task or project and then divide power accordingly so that
they can conduct work properly in order to attain objective (Core Purpose and Values, 2019).
Along with this through effective division of power and its culture employer able to motivate as
well as encourage their employees so that they conduct their work properly and leads to
attainment of goal as well as objective in effective manner. This will also help them in
accomplish of task in proper way because in this employees get the work according to their

skills, ability and knowledge. For this it is necessary for a manager to conduct analysis and then
develop strategies accordingly. This is so because through it they able understand their
employees skill, ability and knowledge which help them in assigning activities in appropriate
way.
Explore how culture improves organisational effectiveness with a focus on communication
In an organization it is necessary that employer to focus on developing as well as
maintaining effective workplace culture. This is so because through it their employees feel
satisfied as well as motivated which help them in conducting their work in effective manner.
Along with this, by creating effective working culture employer able to assign work according to
requirement of employees so that they attain their goal in appropriate manner. By adopting an
effective culture an organization able to develop their strategies properly which help them in
attaining goal and target successfully. Through organization culture an organization able to get
various benefits such as attract talents, retain employees for long durations, develop positive
workforce, improve working of company, grow business opportunities and many more (Bolino
and et. al., 2013). Along with this, when TESCO adopt organisation culture they feel their
communication get improved which leads to growth of business. Below points are mentioned
which leads to improvement of organization effectiveness while focusing on communication:-
 Improve relationship: Through effective organisation culture management able to
improve its relationship which help them in completing work and attaining goal in proper
way. Along with this, it will also help in developing as well as maintaining
communication or relationship between top management and employees. In this staffs are
clear about their roles and responsibilities which they have to play for achieving goal.
Role and responsibilities of a person is also delegated on the basis of employees skills,
experiences, ability, knowledge and educational qualification.
 Attainment of goal: According to this situation if an organisation adopt effective culture
they able to attain their goal properly. This is possible because in good culture every
employees know their work or job and it is also based on their skills, ability and
knowledge so they conduct it in proper way (Carpenter, Berry and Houston, 2014). Along
with this, reason behind attainment of goal is also effective communication because due
to this every employees and employer able to understand each other requirement as well
as issues properly.

 Improve organisation and individual performance: Through organization culture
company able to maintain relationship with proper communication. Through this proper
communication company able to improve organisation performance which leads to
attainment of target. Along with this it will also improve quality of employees
performance.
By adopting the effective working culture at workplace or organization employer able to
maintain effective as well as appropriate communication. Through which employees feel
satisfied from their workplace which will leads to improving their quality of work. Along with
this when there is appropriate communication at a workplace employees able to communicate to
their employers properly through which they feel motivated. As well as they by this staffs able to
provide any suggestion and recommendation to their employer and they also communicate issues
to them. That will help superior in developing strategies, plans and policies accordingly in
effective way.
Evaluate the role of culture on employee motivation
Culture of a company leads to motivated employees which conduct its work properly for
attaining target. Through effective culture an organisation also able to attain various objective
such as maintaining effective communication, motivate employees, conducting work properly
and so on. Along with this for motivating employees superior need to conduct various activities
such as encourage them, provide reward, appreciate for effective work and many more. This is
necessary for employer because if a employees is motivated and satisfy then they will conduct
their work in effective as well as appropriate manner. Some major role of organization culture in
order to motivate employees are mentioned below:-
 Lower Absenteeism: Effective culture leads to satisfied and motivated employees who
complete their task properly. Motivated employees attain their office on regular basis
because they are satisfied and like to come office. So it is necessary for TESCO to
maintain effective working culture (Choi, 2011). Along with this in order to maintain it
they can adopt various things such as adopt proper rules and regulation, delegate
authority according to skills and ability so that staff accomplish activity properly.
 Enhance retention: If a person is satisfied with their work and working environment
then they want to grow themselves along with growing company. For which they retain
with specific company for a long time as well as they also give their full efforts so that

employee and company both successfully attain their goal and objective. In order to
develop or maintain this kind of situation a company can adopt various ways such as
provide training session to employees, enhance salary according to performance,
motivate and encourage them and many more.
 Customers Satisfaction: If working culture of an organization is effective it will make
employees satisfy and this will directly as well as indirectly leads to customer's
satisfaction (Colquitt and et. al., 2012). This is so because if an employees is happy with
their workplace then they will attain their customers in effective ways which make
customers satisfy as well as also encourage them purchase products with them and retain
for long time.
 Enhance Profitability: In respect of this motivated employees perform effectively which
help them in attaining their personal as well as professional target. This will also help a
company in attaining high profitability ratio and market shares. So in order to maintain
this situation an organization needs to train their employees as well as motivate them so
that they accomplish their work properly through which company attain objective and
high profitability.
Due to these reason it is necessary for TESCO plc to develop as well as maintain
effective working culture so that they can communicate with their employees properly. Through
which they able to develop strategies, plans and policies according to the need and requirement
of employees. This will encourage staffs to conduct their work in effective as well as appropriate
manner in order to achieve its target.
Evaluate how the company could use the culture of the organisation to further enhance its
success
Organization culture is define as a composition of values and behaviours which leads to
contribution of specific psychological as well as social working culture of a company. This will
help a company in various ways such as motivating employees, retaining them for long run,
attracting customers, enhancing profitability and many other. According to Handy's Topology
model, there are four type of organisation culture which have various impact on working as well
as business of a business venture. Those factors are explained below:-
 Task culture: By adopting this culture company able to develop a group or team based
on task or project. This team is based on type of task and skills as well as ability of

employees who can conduct particular project in most appropriate way (Demir, 2011). In
respect of TESCO by adopting this they able to evaluate organisation need and then
develop team through which they able to accomplish it properly.
 People culture: It refers to a situation which describer about employees who consider
them more superior then an organisation. There peoples are highly skilled, experienced
and knowledgable. Through these type of staffs respective company get very skilled,
knowledgable and experienced staffs who conduct work in very appropriate manner
through that company attain their goal as well as target.
 Role culture: According to this situation an organisation management conduct
delegation of authority according to skill and ability of employees so that they can
accomplish work in effective way (Glendon, Clarke and McKenna, 2016). Such as if a
person is experienced in particular work and he/she will get same work they able to
conduct it very effectively. In respect of TESCO through this they able to attain objective
successfully because they assigned work according to knowledge and ability of staffs.
 Power culture: It refers to a situation when power is lies in the centre of a team and that
person is senior and experienced. In respect of respective company they delegate power
to skilled and experienced so that they take proper decision which is according to the
situation or project. Through this they able to conduct particular work in effective style
and leads to enhancement of profitability and market shares properly.
Through this it can be analysis that through effective culture TESCO able to attain their
goal properly and it will also enhance their profitability ratio as well as market shares. This will
also help in motivating employees and customers in order to retain them for a long run. Along
with this by retaining both of them for a long term company able to achieve its goal as well as
target in effective manner. So it is necessary for respective company to adopt this which help
them in gaining more profitability and market shares.
CONCLUSION
From the above mentioned point it can be concluded that organization behaviours is
necessary for a company because by it they able to evaluate behaviour of its staffs which help
them in developing decision according to culture. Every organization have diverse culture which
is based on company operations as well as requirement and it can be identify through various
theory. Through effective culture they able to conduct their functions properly and it is also

beneficial in various such as improve communication, maintain positive working environment
and so on. Along with this it also motivate employees which leads to enhancement in their
quality of quality and productivity that directly and indirectly helps in succession of business. In
order to motivate employees management of a company conduct various activities such as
developing strategy according to requirement of employees, delegate role according to staffs
skills, rewards, encourage and many more. Through this they able to accomplish their work in
effective manner which help them in attaining goal as well as objective. It is also necessary for a
company to develop and maintain effective working culture because by it they able to satisfy
their employees which them ion attaining their goal as well as target.

REFRENCES
Books and journals
Andersson, L., Jackson, S. E. and Russell, S. V., 2013. Greening organizational behavior: An
introduction to the special issue. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 34(2). pp.151-
155.
Ashkanasy, N. M. and Humphrey, R. H., 2011. Current emotion research in organizational
behavior. Emotion Review. 3(2). pp.214-224.
Avey, J. B., Palanski, M. E. and Walumbwa, F. O., 2011. When leadership goes unnoticed: The
moderating role of follower self-esteem on the relationship between ethical leadership
and follower behavior. Journal of Business Ethics. 98(4). pp.573-582.
Bolino, M. C. and et. al., 2013. Exploring the dark side of organizational citizenship behavior.
Journal of Organizational Behavior. 34(4). pp.542-559.
Carpenter, N. C., Berry, C. M. and Houston, L., 2014. A meta‐analytic comparison of self‐
reported and other‐reported organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of
Organizational Behavior. 35(4). pp.547-574.
Choi, M., 2011. Employees' attitudes toward organizational change: A literature review. Human
Resource Management. 50(4). pp.479-500.
Colquitt, J. and et. al., 2011. Organizational behavior: Improving performance and commitment
in the workplace. McGraw-Hill Irwin.
Demir, M., 2011. Effects of organizational justice, trust and commitment on employees' deviant
behavior. Anatolia. 22(2). pp.204-221.
Glendon, A. I., Clarke, S. and McKenna, E., 2016. Human safety and risk management. Crc
Press.
Wagner and et. al., 2012. Lost sleep and cyberloafing: Evidence from the laboratory and a
daylight saving time quasi-experiment. Journal of Applied Psychology. 97(5), p.1068.
Ates, A. and Bititci, U., 2011. Change process: a key enabler for building resilient SMEs.
International Journal of Production Research. 49(18). pp.5601-5618.
Elstad, E., Christophersen, K. A. and Turmo, A., 2012. The strength of accountability and
teachers’ organisational citizenship behaviour. Journal of Educational Administration.
50(5). pp.612-628.
Laforet, S., 2011. A framework of organisational innovation and outcomes in SMEs.
International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research. 17(4). pp.380-408.
Online
Core Purpose and Values. 2019. [Online]. Available through:<https://www.tescoplc.com/about-
us/core-purpose-and-values/>.
How Company Culture Shapes Employee Motivation. 2019. [Online]. Available
through:<https://www.tamrecruiting.com/blog/how-company-culture-shapes-employee-
motivation>.