Global Supply Chain Management: Tesco's Challenges and Strategies-2019

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of Tesco's global supply chain management, focusing on the contemporary problems and challenges the organization faces in operating its global supply chain and logistics network. It examines issues such as limited online potential, high delivery costs, trade-off choices, and competition. The report also discusses current global Supply Chain Management theories and best practices, including agency theory, network theory, and social exchange theory. Furthermore, it outlines practical supply chain management practices, such as establishing relationships with main suppliers, adopting green initiatives, leveraging technology, and fostering internal and external collaboration. Finally, the report proposes strategies to manage supply chain challenges related to inventory, labor, time, and error margins, including adopting automation and optimizing business procedures. The report also reflects on the organization’s different ranges of relationships, both internally and externally with suppliers, partners, and outsourcing providers.

Running head: GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
Global Supply Chain Management

GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 2
Table of Contents
Task 1: Portfolio..........................................................................................................................................3
Four key contemporary problems and challenges facing Tesco organization in operating a global
supply chain and logistics network..........................................................................................................3
Current global Supply Chain Management best theories and practice.....................................................4
Practices of supply chain management....................................................................................................6
Strategies to manage the supply chain challenges....................................................................................8
Operational deployment of its supply chain strategy in relation to transportation, inventory, resource
scheduling, and data flow activities.......................................................................................................11
Task 2: Reflective Commentary................................................................................................................14
Organization´s different ranges of relationships, both internally and externally with suppliers, partners,
and outsourcing providers......................................................................................................................14
References.................................................................................................................................................18

GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 3
Task 1: Portfolio
Four key contemporary problems and challenges facing Tesco organization in operating a
global supply chain and logistics network
Limited Online Potential:
It is a potential issue for Tesco. The new development system of Tesco is a key market player for
home delivery shopping but it was failed because of less availability of potential in online.
Because of the older IT system and low understanding regarding the IT staff, Tesco is unable to
demonstrate their entire facility and products to the customers by online. However, the limited
online potential was not competent to encourage the customers in buying the products through
Tesco Plc (Mangan, Lalwani, and Lalwani, 2016).
High Costs of Delivery:
Tesco is the largest grocery supermarket in the UK. In addition, the market share of the company
covers a higher part in the global grocery sector. Hence, Tesco focuses on online purchasing
services for its consumers and offers home delivery for shopping. This logistic structure was not
adequately implemented because of high delivery expenses, particularly for unbound logistics.
Tesco can pay more for delivering the purchasing products while the item is delivered from
outside of London (Cosimato, and Troisi, 2015).
Tesco is the largest grocery corporations in the UK. But, the market share of a company involves
a major part in the grocery store at the international level. Hence, Tesco adopts the online
purchasing services for their consumers and facilitates home delivery for shopping. This logistic
system was not adequately implementing because of high delivery expenses, particularly for
liberated logistics. Tesco had to pay more for delivering the purchasing products while the item
is delivered from the external environment of London. It generates several complexities in the

GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 4
process of operation management. Because of high delivery expenses in an outbound logistic
system, Tesco is unable to execute the new logistics system in operation channel (Geng,
Mansouri, and Aktas, 2017).
Choice of different tradeoffs: Demand of individual and customer changes promptly. Hence,
new adopted logistics system associated with Tesco was initiated for home delivery of products
that purchased through online. But, there are a different individual who demands cash on
delivery regarding purchasing products and high amount of customer demand is related to online
payment of purchasing products. High range related to trade-offs generates difficulty for new
logistics system of Tesco (Lai, and Cheng, 2016).
Presenting the well-established Competition:
The key challenge is related to Tesco in the logistic system is available higher competition.
Previously, the company practices the physical logistics system from the viewpoint regarding
products and services. Tesco has adopted home shopping delivery services unlike to their rivalry.
But, the current rivalry of Tesco is ASDA, Aldi, and Lidl as they have already created their
business successfully in the grocery retail channels (Chae, 2015).
Along with this, higher categories of logistic services like e-logistics that permits the company to
facilitate the customer for online payment and cash on delivery for purchasing the product very
effectively. ASDA uses PayPal system in an e-logistic procedure that permits the customers for
securing the online trisection for buying products. It may develop the loyalty of consumers as
well as directly affected the market share of Tesco (Wild, 2017).
Current global Supply Chain Management best theories and practice
Agency theory

GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 5
Under supply management, the agency theory defines that the retail chain is a series of
agreement among shareholders. This agency relationship creates when a set of owners is known
as principals and hires another group that is called agent for day to day operation of supply
outlets. There are some services, which delegates to new decision-making authority. Along with
this, agency relationships show the relationship in supply chain management such as the
association between buyers and suppliers as well as between management and suppliers
(Christopher, 2016). The distinguishing feature of the theory is to separate the ownership
regarding the supply chain of a company from the control of the supply chain. The ownership of
the supply chain is focused by shareholders of the company as well as controlling the day to day
operation is in hand of professional managers, which is illustrated as the agents. Along with this,
the agent can take action whose results are largely performed by shareholders of the company.
Shareholders also focus on ratification, monitoring and sanctioning in the way of compensation
as well as involves the discipline measure (Yu, et. al., 2017).
Network theory in global supply chain management
The network theory is one of theory used in purchasing and supply management that can be
introduced at the time of last decades. Along with this, network theory can be involved to assess
the association in which customers, suppliers, and buyers are engaged. In addition, this strategy
involves the collaboration between other parties in the network to serve the demand. It can be
generated from the market and industry where they are operating in (Wang, et. al., 2016).
Along with this, when the purchasing department in one company focuses on no opportunity to
develop the particular item in-house as well as the outsourcing and purchasing procedure of these
items can be favored by network strategy. This theory supports to understand the demand

GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 6
planning through which simplification of resource allocation can be reached by the settlement of
strategic long-term partnership (Hsu, Tan, and Mohamad Zailani, 2016).
In addition, corporations implanted the network as it defines the competency to choose from a
higher set of suppliers and through which, it can supply of critical commodities. In addition, the
relationship between corporations is assumed to be trustworthy and also contributing to value
addition on both sides as well as further simplifies the decision regarding the choice of supply
strategy. This theory can give contribution in fourth decision point such as negotiation because
corporation in the network aims to engage in long-term contracts through which strong
partnership among counterparts is structured at the workplace (Ferguson, and Souza, 2016).
Social exchange theory
Social exchange theory is implemented to model the results of distributive and procedural justice
regarding supply chain associations. SET illustrated that attitude as well as behavior can be
assessed by rewards of interaction excluding the penalty and cost of that interactions. For
example, in the context of supply chain association, a supplier can give their contribution in
distributors through its policies regarding supply chain management (Prajogo, Oke, and Olhager,
2016) Due to the participation of its distribution, an expected return can be determined for a
longer period. The distributor can receive the value contribution for creating a sense of
obligation as well as reciprocated the behavior and attitudinal response. SET is the integration of
serried regarding propositions that outlines the system of social exchange. A fundamental
proposition regarding SET is an integration of more action for a member to perform within the
organization accordingly. It would be beneficial for attaining the success (Kaur, et. al., 2018).
Practices of supply chain management
Establish Relationships with Main Suppliers

GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 7
The key practice of managing the supply chain is to develop a long term relationship with
suppliers after signing a concern. But, to completely increase this association, Tesco should use
two-way communication channel where both buyers and sellers actively maintain the
relationships. With the good association management system in place, it would be easier for
capitalizing the buyer and supplier relationship to make sure the sustainable value as well as a
stable enhancement (Chin, Tat, and Sulaiman, 2015).
Green Initiatives Must Be Taken Seriously
Tesco should reduce the carbon footprint of the supply chain as it is required practice for
overcoming the concern of supply chain. In spite of enhancing the overall efficiency, going green
will support to reach the bulk of customers who focusing on environmental effects when they
choose suppliers. Hence, Tesco should focus on green initiatives in supply chain management
practices because customers see what tangible data regarding green initiatives is provided by the
company (Geng, et. al., 2017).
Take Full Advantage of Technology
Tesco uses software to enhance its efficiency and arrange their procedures as well as workflows
in around the selected technology. In such a case, supply chain management practices should
initially review the procedures in order to assess the activities that need to enhance. This practice
can be implemented only after a review of the right technology that can attain those particular
process requirements. The right technology can boost the operation of supply chain and increases
the efficiencies (Ugarte, Golden, and Dooley, 2016). Tesco can find the information technology
that can aid to get business success. One of advantageous to adequately execute the technology is
end-to-end visibility of the supply chain. Tesco should be competent to see into operational
procedure before the company addresses the inefficiency as well as execute the transformations.

GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 8
Once transparency of supply chain is attained, the decision could be made promptly as well as
surprise disruptions could be eliminated (Schönsleben, 2016).
Collaborate Internally and Externally:
At the internal level, each individual should be on the same page as well as focuses on the same
goal. The real-time communication would support to create the supply chain decisions promptly
and more feasible. It would also support for avoiding the disruptions of the supply chain. Along
with this, external collaboration is essential because sometimes, a trustworthy supply chain
partner proves invaluable. For example, Tesco shares technology and data when its supply chain
relies on others. Hence, it should execute the formal supplier management strategy to better
collaborate with the suppliers. In such a manner, it can get benefits (Grant, Trautrims, and Wong,
2017).
Strategies to manage the supply chain challenges
Inventory:
Customer may wish to purchase where they get flexibility and endless range of products. Hence,
Tesco should desire a single inventory pool for controlling the investment. The key challenge for
Tesco is related to in-store accuracy level, technology competencies, DC combined practices and
system-wide visibility (Grant, Trautrims, and Wong, 2017).
Labor:
The cost associated with employment and turnover concern can justify the new technique for DC
(Distribution Centre) operation. In order to deal with the issues, Tesco plc should assess return
on investment for automation opportunity. To attain such a goal, it can justify the major
investment as well as integrates the Omni-channel operations (Stadtler, 2015).
Time:

GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 9
A customer expects the array of rapid attainment options as well as no-cost delivery. Retailers
should match the capabilities and capacity to service and volume needs. Tesco should be
competent to attain the true demand for the same day and provides fast alternatives as well as
increases the frequency of store delivery (Quarshie, Salmi, and Leuschner, 2016).
Margin for error:
Fulfillment missteps can be highly expensive as well as highly publicized the events can decline
the margin and confidence level of customers. Tesco should decline the expenses and complexity
regarding the supply chain operations. To attain such goal, Tesco can work through concerns
such as delivery cost control, fulfillment as well as low switching efforts of customers (Gosling,
et. al., 2016).
Adopt Automation
In the current era of automation, technology plays a significant role to gain the efficiency of the
company. Automation plays a significant role in the optimization of business procedure. There is
valuable data that could be organized into a logistic procedure. For instance, software related to
business operation can be incorporated that facilitates the timely updates about the movement of
goods (Kuei, et. al., 2015). The client and operator would get detail about the dispatched goods
from suppliers, delivery of goods at the destination, and procurement regarding goods at the
warehouse. It saves the specified time because manual interference can be avoided. In addition,
feasible tracking supports to enhance the overall process management. The employee and
account detail could be organized by using particular software. Hence, Tesco should hold the
technology in order to boost the productivity (Govindan, et. al., 2015).
Value Relations

GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 10
The team is an effective concept for a company that is accountable for expansion. Each
individual should be perfect in the respective field of work such as from delivery guy and
warehouse manager. For this, Tesco plc should invest in adequate training for its employees.
Along with this, regular training workshops keep the workforces regarding the latest trends in the
logistics industry. It supports to gain the efficiency as well as provides a higher extent of
satisfaction to customers (Zailani, et. al., 2015).
A logistics manager should have effective interpersonal skills as it is beneficial for the company.
There are times while the things do not work as per the plan. In such condition, Tesco plc needs
a reliable individual who can deal with the situation with greater efficiency rather than having
panic. Along with this, the manager should have reliable contacts in the industry. It could be
effective to tap the business opportunity (Laari, Töyli, and Ojala, 2017).
Warehouse Management
Effective logistics management is incomplete without the warehouse management. Along with
this, the warehouse operation of Tesco can considerably rely on the type of goods. For instance,
the perishable products like dairy products, and needs of refrigeration services. Along with this,
grains can be stored in a humidity-free environment. The specification may vary according to the
product. Tesco Company should develop the aim to build the warehouse inventory hence; there
would be minimum wastage of products (Christopher, et. al., 2016). In addition, the company
should maximize the capacity of storage of the warehouse. Tesco should use vertical storage
column to overcome the challenge of a supply chain. In addition, effective execution of software
related to product sequencing is required for Tesco because there should be no delay when
delivering the product after allocation of order. Along with this, the warehouse staff can be well
trained for warehouse operations (Tramarico, et. al., 2017).

GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 11
Efficient Transportation
Transport department can be assessed to decline the expenses related to Tesco plc and at the
same time, it could be restored for prompt product delivery. The given below are factor that can
be considered for efficient transportation:
Using the best delivery path
Tesco can assess the best delivery route to overcome the supply chain issue. For this, it can
decide for the safest as well as the shortest path. As a result, it is effective to save the time and
money (Wang, et. al., 2016).
Cost-effective packaging
Tesco can focus on cost-effective packaging to make sure the low investment and safety for
goods and services. IT can optimize the packaging hence, it occupies less amount and it does not
gain the burden of a package (Yazdani, et. al., 2017).
Operational deployment of its supply chain strategy in relation to transportation,
inventory, resource scheduling, and data flow activities
Transportation
In order to national distribution of products, Tesco can consider the intermodal transportation
policy road, rail as well as canal in the context of transportation. It follows the scope and hub
model in which, central warehouses are kept as well as through them the products are sent to
local stores. Along with this, inventory at both local stores and warehouse can be followed
through a central processing unit. Inventory reports can be created on a real-time basis in a local
store and in case of inventory falling under the limits of safety. Along with this, the warehouse
can be informed and the stock is dispatched. The freight management system can be put in place
that ensures the least cost related transportation (Nuss, Sahamie, and Stindt, 2015).

GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 12
For global operation, Tesco can focus on systematizing their suppliers at the international level.
A spoke model and similar hub could be executed. The warehouses could be adequately located
near the seashore because the dock unit is used to make sure that international supplies could be
kept on a relatively cheaper method related to sea transport. The selection of dock units is relied
on commercial and labor laws as well as makes sure the higher profitability regarding supply
chain. In addition, the central warehouse could be kept as per the location of the final local
channel. Along with this, Tesco can extend the spoke and hub model in order to transfer the
goods from dock units to a central warehouse and then finally to end channel (Sharma, Chandna,
and Bhardwaj, 2017).
Inventory
The inventory is maintained through sharing the inventory related to information with the
suppliers as per the targeted time. The control of stock level helps to maintain the goods on a
store. By sharing the data, probabilities of bullwhip effect are reduced as well as actual
forecasting and schedule planning can be performed. Tesco can use just in time inventory
management in its UK operation. In order to streamline the overseas operation, Tesco can
develop the local manufactures to create a cost-effective ability as compared to its key market
participants (Nuss, Sahamie, and Stindt, 2015).
The globally sourced goods can be ordered in high volume according to the fright management
system and therefore delivery of such products can perform according to stock level regarding
the central processing units. In addition to this, there has been legally binding regarding food and
beverage law of several overseas nations and therefore Tesco can significantly manage according
to varying trade and labor regulations (Yazdani, et. al., 2017).
Resource scheduling

GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 13
Tesco can become a market leader in the UK by enhancing the geographic expansion as well as
globalization by practicing IT. Tesco can face the challenge related to monitoring and managing
the supply chain practices in abroad location. For well-organized monitoring as well as valuable
controlling, Tesco can build the remote monitoring structure that could be beneficial for locating
and tracking the movement of goods at local as well as international level (Tramarico, et. al.,
2017). These remote monitoring applications are inconsistent with current policies and supply
chain practices of Tesco, UK. Along with this, the real-time monitoring could be practiced with
tracing the goods and satellite movement by executing RFID technology, order processing, and
ERP system monitors the procurement, as well as fleet management system (Wang, et. al., 2016).
Data flow activities
Electronic data system should be deployed within Tesco in order to capture the required
customer data such as usage patterns, size, and detail of order such as product and its quantity. It
could be performed by implementing the database system to choose the delivery for the customer
and assesses the previous shopping detail in across of several nations where the customer can
stop. For this, it can develop the digital report regarding the special requirement of the customer
(Laari, et. al., 2017.
The heat sensor can be installed in above of door in the retail store of Tesco. It can also practice
the same technology for using emergency service and addressing the survivors in collapsed
development. The sensors are created by the UK manufacturer Irisys. Along with this, Tesco can
focus on enhancing the customer services by installing the heat sensors that could address the
bottleneck of customers as they will switch towards its retail store. By enhancing the customer
demand, Tesco can increase the revenue as well as enhances the satisfaction of customers
(Christopher, et. al., 2016).

GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 14
Task 2: Reflective Commentary
Organization´s different ranges of relationships, both internally and externally with
suppliers, partners, and outsourcing providers
Internal relationship with suppliers
Pay on time: Tesco Company should pay on time to their suppliers because they play an
imperative role in the success of the business. A company should pay to the suppliers as much as
they do. It could help the company to maintain its good relationship with its suppliers. Tesco
Company should make contract terms in the favor of the firm before dealing with their suppliers.
This contract would be beneficial for the company when it would face some troubling issue
because then they can call or contact their suppliers (Govindan, et. al., 2015).
Tesco Company should make an easier job of their suppliers. The firm should give proper time
to their suppliers and communicate with them frequently. On the other hand, if a company would
make a continuous call to supplier then they would not feel good towards the company and it
would negatively affect the relationship between them. A company should not expect too much
from their supplier towards delivering raw material as it could arise a conflict between them
(Govindan, et. al., 2015).
External relationship with suppliers
Tesco should install supplier management software program as it would assist the company to
track the essential information of their suppliers with respect to delivery of demanded material.
Further, the company could invest in the advanced programming of purchase order management
software which would help the company to generate purchase bill, processing, and tracking of
purchased item from their suppliers. There are some other software solutions that provide

GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 15
supplier management solutions for the company such as purchase control integrate software
which would support in maintaining purchase records at one place (Grant, et. al.,2017).
Tesco should make a detailed agreement with their supplier that would assist the company to
make a good association with the supplier. Supplier relationship agreement is must between
company and vendor, when company purchase properties from their supplier regularly. Each and
every Information related to expectations of company and supplier should be written in that
agreement like details of service and product, terms and conditions of delivery, price description,
communication, and payment terms. Supplier relationship agreement could be either simple or
complex; it would totally depend upon the need and requirements of business (Ugarte, et. al.,
2016).
Internal relationship with Partners
Tesco should communicate regularly to maintain the relationship with partners. This relationship
should be treated to keep the relationship in life. A consistent, as well as healthy technique of
communicating together, it is the key factor for success. When a company does not has particular
partnership business for discussing then, it can send email regularly to check with partner’s
business and addresses how things are implemented (Prajogo, et. al., 2016).
Tesco can also develop a plan earlier to keep a good relationship with their partners. Once a
company is interested in specific business as potential partners, then it should not wait for losing
the opportunity. It should reach out at the same time because if it will contact promptly and make
the initial investment for connecting then the sooner, it can develop a partnership. In such a
manner, both parties should openly discuss the business terms to make easier the business
process (Yu, et. al., 2017).
External relationship with Partners

GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 16
Tesco should use cross blogging in order to make an external relationship with suppliers. It can
also develop the agreement with new partners that involves Tesco to write the guest blog post on
a specified time period. There are some cross bloggers that are agreed to swap the post once a
month however some can perform it as much as once a week and within three months. Tesco
should do an investigation. It should be confident that a partner can deliver what they are
promising earlier entering into any such relationship. It can also ask the network for suggestion
as well as look towards the business for developed track records. Tesco can also ask for
assessing the evidence of outcomes (Wild, 2017).
Internal relationship with Outsourcing
Tesco should effectively communicate during dealing with providers as a lack of communication
can create failure for a business. An effective outsourcing liaison can be developed by effective
communication. Tesco should be competent to address the concern of providers in a feasible
manner and for this; both parties can resolve the issues by developing mutual understanding. In
addition to this, good communication will support to address and eliminate the problem areas. It
can also develop a favorable culture for the offshore team. It may also develop the goals as well
as devices to effective measure for attaining them (Cosimato, and Troisi, 2015).
Tesco should evaluate regular to a business function in order to outsource the business function.
The efficiency of providers will have a direct impact on the bottom line. It can also create the
metrics and continuously addresses how an offshore provider is meeting the business
expectation. It is significant that Tesco conducts a review on monthly, quarterly as well as annual
basis. Tesco can encourage the feedback as it would support to address the areas of
enhancement. It can also involve the team members in the strategic planning for motivating them
(Mangan, et. al., 2016).

GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 17
External relationship with outsourcing
Tesco should collaborate strategically to maintain the external relationship with an outsider.
Tesco should tap the McKinsey’s perception into their organization to strategic outsourcing. It
should not outsource the project from the vendor in the form of an individual project. In spite of
outsourcing the strategic element of services to make a partnership, Tesco should invite the
vendors to engage in strategic partnership as a peer and implements the unique expertise of
partners in order to attain the goals. This strategy will permit the Tesco to focus on an outsourced
partner as a true partner as compared to the set of task (Geng, et. al., 2017).

GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 18
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