Motivation in the Workplace: Theories, Factors, and Strategies

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Added on 2023/06/05

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This report delves into the multifaceted concept of employee motivation, emphasizing its pivotal role in enhancing workforce performance and achieving organizational objectives. It explores various motivation theories, including Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which helps in understanding the different levels of employee needs from basic physiological requirements to self-actualization. The report distinguishes between extrinsic motivation, driven by external rewards like salary and promotions, and intrinsic motivation, stemming from internal desires for growth and achievement. Key factors that influence employee motivation, such as salary, promotion opportunities, and work environment, are examined, alongside the positive aspects of job roles like opportunities for growth and flexibility, and the negative aspects such as conflicts and poor management. Furthermore, the report suggests strategies to mitigate negative factors and foster a positive work environment, emphasizing the importance of open communication, teamwork, and reward systems. Ultimately, the report concludes that a motivated workforce is essential for organizational success and highlights the significance of adopting motivational theories and strategies to cultivate a thriving and productive workplace.

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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
What does Motivation Mean? .........................................................................................................3
Theory of motivation.......................................................................................................................3
Maslow's Hierarchical of need theory of motivation...................................................................3
Types of motivation......................................................................................................................... 4
The various factors which motivate employees to work.................................................................5
The positive factors employees experience as a result of their job roles.........................................5
The negative factors employees experience as a result of their job roles........................................6
Strategies to cope with negative factors employees experience as a result of their job roles..........6
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................ 8
Books and Journals...................................................................................................................... 8

INTRODUCTION
The key factor which can influence employees to perform its work with full dedication is
motivation (Dutta, 2019)(Foley, 2020). The higher authorises are able to influence its
subordinates and make the work done if its workforce is motivated. The employees can only feel
motivated when they are getting something in return or are self dedicated. This reports is based
upon the theories of motivation which can be used by organisation to keep its workforce
motivated such as Maslow Hierarchical need theory. Factors which can affect level of motivation
of employees and the strategies which can be use by organisation to overcome from negative
aspects.
MAIN BODY
What does Motivation Mean?
The stimulus which is required by organisation to keeps its workforce keep effective so
that they are willing to perform the designed task is considered as motivation. The level of
motivation varies form person to person (Hossain and Inoue, 2019). For some employees money
is a factor due to which they feels motivated where as for some respect earned by them is the
level of motivation. As the behaviour of employees are different same the motivation level of
employees are different. It is difficult to evaluate motivational level of each employees this is
why there are some general theories which can be use by organisations in respect to analyse the
motivation factor of employees.
Theory of motivation
With the the use of motivational theories the organisations finds it easy to evaluate
motivational factor of its workforce, which is crucial to keep them satisfied (Stacey, 2018).
When the employees are satisfied then only they are capable to producing desired output. The
organisations use Maslow Hierarchical need theory of motivation because each and every stage
involved in this theory helps in analysis needs and wants of employees.
Maslow's Hierarchical of need theory of motivation
The founder of Maslow Hierarchical need theories is Abraham Maslow, who has given
this theory in 1943. The five stages involved in these theory elaborates how changes in
behaviour of employees takes place.

 Physiological need - The basic need being involved in Physiological need. To live a
livelihood it is crucial to have food, cloth and shelter with the employees as it is difficult
to make survival by absence of these elements. Thus organisations provide wages or
salaries to employees which is sufficient to lead a basic lifestyle otherwise it is not even
possible to survive.
 Safety need – The safety and security is the second priority of employees. They want to
lead a life where they can feel secure. The workforce which works at mining or some
manufacturing unit areas have a lot of risk as they may even loose their life. Thus,
workforce does not show interest to work at such places. To reduce this fear the
organisations provide medical and life insurance facilitates to its workforce which can
ensure employees that organisations are concern about them.
 Love and belonging need – The employees wants to communicate with other individuals
in order to keep their mindset positive. They also wants to make interaction with other
individuals and distract themselves from the stress which is being faced by them with in
the organisation. This is how the need to be keep connected with their friends, family,
relatives and other love beings.
 Esteem needs – The esteem need is only fulfilled when the employees are being
recognised by the organisation for the efforts made by them (Tao, Jang and Kwon, 2019).
The employees wants to experience the praise for the efforts which they are making to
make organisation successful. Their other basic needs are being fulfilled so they want to
satisfy themselves by this and it is a source of motivation for them.
 Self actualization need – The employees have achieve everything they want this is why
they want to help other individuals and make them successful too. They praise and
recognise others and put efforts in direction to make others achieve goals.
Types of motivation
Motivation is being classified under two categories as employees feels motivated by mentioned
below two ways -
 Extrinsic motivation – The employees joined the organisation with the motive of
getting good pay and recognised. So the extrinsic motivation is being considered as
motivation through monetary or non- monetary benefits. The employees initially wants to
get a fair pay which is essential for survival and after the living of standard of employees

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raised then they want to be get promoted. These two are the most important factors which
will help employees in feeling motivated though external sources.
 Intrinsic motivation – Some of the employees working within the organisation wants to
be get successful in life by enhancing their knowledge so that they can avail better
opportunities. This type of intrinsic motivation comes form within in an employees as
they want to reach at top position, this is why they put extra efforts and feel motivated.
The various factors which motivate employees to work
The organisation have to give certain benefits to its workforce to keep them motivated
some of the important factors which is the core factors though which organisation can make
work done from employees are as follows -
 Salary – The salary provided to employees should be fair enough so that they are
capable to leading a happy and standard lifestyle. The employees are working within the
organisation which the objective to get salary. The employees negotiate or even can left
the job if the organisation is not paying fair salary (Thompson, 2020). This is a biggest
disadvantages for organisation as the capable as well as skilled employees left job for the
sake of pay. The other organisation take it as an advantages and influences them to work
within their organisation by paying higher salary.
 Promotion – The promotions can be done in terms of post or in terms of proving hike
for employees. The employees make efforts by thinking that they will be able to get
recognised by other by posting at higher position. If they pay and post of employees
remains same lifetime then they are not going to work effectively.
 Work Environment – The employees can only be feel positive when the organisation is
able to provide them effective working culture. The culture where the conflicts takes
places could not produce effective output. The positive working culture makes employees
work collectively and effectively.
The positive factors employees experience as a result of their job roles
The positive things that are being experienced by employees at the time of doing job are
stated below -
 Opportunities and belongingness – The organisations should provide a platform to
employees where they are able to showcase their skills and show their capabilities.

 Flexibility – The flexibility such as easy timing and work form home opportunities
which is being provided to employees keeps them motivates as they are feel to perform
work when they want.
The negative factors employees experience as a result of their job roles
The negative aspects that are being experienced by workforce at the time of job are stated below
-
 Conflicts – The employees can't even provide the work in the culture where the conflicts
are taken place. Due to arise in conflicts employees does not make efforts on correct
direction.
 Poor management – The overlapping of work and activities are being taken place within
the organisation due to poor management. The employees are not able to understand to
work which they have to perform as they are not being guided properly.
Strategies to cope with negative factors employees experience as a result of
their job roles
It is not possible to make a perfect organisation where all things went perfectly, this is
why they have to adopt certain strategies within its organisation which will help them in creating
a positive environment and avoid all those aspects thought which the environment of
organisation is getting negative. Some basic and effective strategies which can be adopted by
companies are mentioned below -
 The communication is the key which make the organisation effective to overcome form
all the negativity which an organisation have to face. The employees working within the
organisation should feel free to make communication with each other.
 When the conflict is being taken place the management should assign a team work to
them. As in order to achieve the task successfully it is necessary for the team member to
put efforts collectively and hence they have to communicate with each other also conflict
will be resolved.
 Rewards are the factors which is keeps the employees motivated. This is an effective
strategies which helps organisation in making work done by the employees.

CONCLUSION
From the above report, it can be conclude that motivation is the factor though which
performance of employees get better and organisations are able to achieve its set objectives. The
motivation is of two types external motivation comes when employees wants to get something in
return and internal motivation when employees are self dedicated. With the use of certain
motivational theories and strategies organisation can keeps its workforce motivated.

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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Dutta, M., 2019. ‘Becoming’factory workers: understanding women’s geographies of work
through life stories in Tamil Nadu, India. Gender, Place & Culture, 26(6), pp.888-904.'
Foley, G., 2020. A framework for understanding adult learning and education. In Understanding
adult education and training (pp. 7-22). Routledge.
Hossain, T. and Inoue, S., 2019, March. Sensor-based daily activity understanding in caregiving
center. In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and
Communications Workshops (PerCom Workshops) (pp. 439-440). IEEE.
Stacey, M., 2018. The division of labour revisited or overcoming the two Adams. In Practice and
Progress (pp. 172-190). Routledge.
Tao, C.W.W., Jang, J. and Kwon, J., 2019. Understanding the role of emotional intelligence and
work status in service sabotage: Developing and testing a three-way interaction
model. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 41, pp.51-59.
Thompson, N., 2020. Understanding social work: Preparing for practice. Bloomsbury
Publishing.