Theories & Principles of Communication, Assessment, Curriculum

This presentation provides an analysis of theories and principles in education and training, focusing on communication, assessment, and curriculum development. It begins by examining communication theories such as Berne's transactional analysis, Piaget's stages of development, and Vygotsky's role of language, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses in a classroom setting. The presentation then discusses assessment principles, including validity, authenticity, currency, sufficiency, transparency, and reliability, alongside different assessment methods like initial, formative, and summative assessments. Finally, it analyzes various curriculum development theories and models, such as humanist, behaviorist, cognitive, learner-centered, product-based, and pyramid/spiral approaches, explaining how these theories can be applied in specific areas of specialism, particularly for nursery and disabled students, to enhance their learning capacity and create a positive learning environment. The presentation concludes that education plays a key role in the learning of students.

Presentation on Theories,
Principles and models of
Communication, Assessment
and Curriculum with examples
of how they are applied to
teaching and learning.
By name

Table of Content
• Introduction
• Communication theories
• Communication – Whole Class
• Examples of using it as teacher
• Assessment
• Principles
• Examples of using it as teacher
• Analyse theories and models of curriculum and development
• ways in which theories and models of curriculum development can be applied in own area of
specialism.
• Summary

Introduction
• The aim of this presentation is to analyse the theories and principles in
education and training. There is evaluation related to communication
and the theories that help teacher to interact with the students.
• Afterwards, there is discussion regarding the theories and models of
assessment as it helps to evaluate the performance of the students.
• The curriculum development plays a vital role in development of
students so the models that help in developing the curriculum are
discussed.

2.1 What are Communication Theories such as Berne transactional
analysis, Piaget, stages of development and Vygotsky role of
language.
• Berne Transactional Analysis: It is a modern analysis that focus on
the relationship of the persons and interactions. These analysis helps in
determining the ego of the speakers. It gives the idea of that how a
person behave, think and feel while interacting with others. There are
three stages of ego in a human personality which are made up of
behaviour, feelings and thoughts. This theory helps in developing the
personality of a person while communicating with others.

Continue…
• Piaget stages of development theory are designed according to age. There are four stages of
development that are being studied under this theory. The characteristics of the child are different at
each stage.

Continue…
• Role of language on cognitive development by Vygotsky believes that the the student is able to
learn the language by social interactions. It helps them to interact with adults and transmit the
information. The language is necessary for the students for intellectual adaptation.
• Effective listening skills are required to carry on the process of communication. This helps them
to understand the concept that is being taught in class The use of listening skills make the students
better.

Communication – Whole Class
• At the time of communicating with the students, I use clear words and simple language so that they
are able to understand the concept.
• The activities undertaken to engage the students in classroom. The use of all these activities
enhances the knowledge of the students and they learn at the time they play.
• The activities are designed in such a manner that they are given opportunity to listen effectively. All
the students are provided chance to communicate and others have to listen to each other.

Communication – 1-2-1
• After the students have completed their tasks they are motivated so that they can perform the
activities in proper manner in future. This helps them to carry on the activities in effective manner
so that they are able to use the same in future.
• The students of the class are told about the importance of body language so that they are able to
learn the same at this point of time. The use of all this enhances the skills and knowledge of the
students.

2.1 Analyse theories, principles and models of communication.
What theory /
principle/ model?
Strengths Weaknesses
transactional analysis
- Berne The relationship of the student and the
way they communicate can be checked.
The communication is at different levels and
that is problematic for the listener.
Piaget stages of
development – The teachers get help with the help of
Piaget stages of development to teach the
students.
Some students develop faster then it is
mentioned in the stages.
Role of language -
Vygotsky There is discussion related to key
fundamentals skills that are required by
students.
The ability of students is not properly analysed
under this theory.
Whole class teaching This approach helps to interact with all
the students and develop them.
The teacher has to make efforts in order to
make the class inclusive.
One to One Teaching The individual is able to learn effectively
because of one to one teaching
It is a time taking process.

2.2 Examples of using it as teacher
• Being a teacher of nursery and disable students I take care to
communicate properly with them. There is need of using all the
above discussed theories to enhance their skills. I set some ground
rules and teach the students according to them.
• All the learners are different from each other so I assure that the
requirement of all is being fulfilled. I do not shout in class room
and work on reducing the barriers. There is need of indulging them
in competition and in such activities that make them effective
learner. By communicating in normal pitch and clear words the
students are able to learn effectively.

Assessment
• Educational assessment is a systematic way of evaluating the performance
of the students. It assist in checking knowledge, skill, attitudes, and beliefs
of the student so that they are able to improvise the students.
• There are different types of assessment that help to access the performance
of the students. Formative feedback is the process of checking the
performance of regular basis. The use of formative feedback help to
enhance the performance of the students on regular basis.

Principles
• VACSR as this is often used as a basis to standardise and confirm assessment decisions.
• Validity: There is need of checking the content that has been written. The relevancy of the work done by the
student is being evaluated in this principle.
• Authenticity: Under this principle the owner of the work is checked. The work must be done solely by the
student.
• Currency: The new and updated information related to the topic must be mentioned. This helps to check the
current relevance of the work that is being done. The use of current information and data is helpful for the student
to get good grades.
• Sufficient: The information must be sufficient enough as per the specified guidelines. All the requirements of the
assessment must be fulfilled by the students in order to perform effectively.