An Analysis of Total Quality Management Success and Failure

This essay provides an in-depth analysis of Total Quality Management (TQM), exploring its successes and failures through real-world examples, notably Toyota and the iPhone 4. It defines TQM as a strategy for businesses to improve production and meet user needs, enhancing long-term growth. The essay discusses essential duties and importance of TQM, including its customer-oriented approach and its application in various departments. It examines the implementation of TQM in the automotive sector, highlighting its role in continuous product improvement and competitive advantage. The essay also delves into the theories of Deming and Crosby, outlining their contributions to quality management and emphasizing the significance of employee motivation, continuous improvement cycles (PDCA), and zero-defect approaches. The analysis concludes that effective TQM implementation requires skilled guidance and strategic adoption to enhance customer relationships and maintain a competitive edge. The essay highlights the importance of understanding and applying various TQM strategies for sustained business success.

Individual Essay

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK...............................................................................................................................................1
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8
APPENDIX......................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Total quality administration is considered as a term which portrays development of
capabilities of firm; so that, they can maximize their production and accomplish requirements of
their users (Dale, 2015). Instead of this, it is an approach which can be utilized by any company;
thus, by use it they can improve their business process and will acquire long term success as well
as growth. Fundamental target of this assignment is to define failure and success of TQM with
assistance of some effective examples like iPhone 4 as well as Toyota. In addition to this, there
are many hypothesis will be used by an organisation so that they will achieve desired objectives
within limited period of time. Rather than this, there are some essential duties and importance
which is associated with total quality management is going to describe in this report.
TASK
Total Quality Management is considered as an approach of management for company. As
per this, manager of organisation has to maintain quality of their goods and services; therefore,
they can provide adequate satisfaction to clients which will help them in their long term growth
and success. It is must for a firm to improve their products on continuous basis because it aids to
enhance its effectiveness and efficiency. The fundamental objective of using TQM is to
accomplish requirements of intrinsic as well as extrinsic users. As said by Düren (2017), to
examine performance of staff members employer will use utilize this technique. Apart from this,
there are various tools and methods will comprise into it, such as bench marking, outsourcing,
ISO 9000, statistical quality control and many more. If individuals do their task in group then,
they can easily keep up quality of items in an effective way. Thus, it has been understood that
total quality management is a customer oriented approach.
Company is set up so that they will gain maximum advantages through accomplishing
demands of overall society and for this they will utilize some distinctive facet. Major target of an
association is to cater qualitative items and services to clients; thus, they can attract more people
towards them and in addition will build a positive relationship and trust. According to Barata and
Cunha (2017), there are many strategies as well as policies are developed by firm as this will
assist them to make business more efficient. Additionally, manager of an association will adopt
an approach of TQM as with assistance of this, employer will concentrate of each and every
department. In this context, there is a firm named, Toyota, which is much popular and their
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essential targets is to render unique as well as qualitative vehicles to their users. For above stated
aim, they will implement innovative thoughts and opinions. Henceforth, it has been
comprehended that to acquire growth and success manager has to provide qualitative items to
people and this will help them to pull more individuals towards them. By utilizing TQM,
superior will improve their working process in an adequate manner. For this, employer has to
appoint best and talented employees, continue enhance their items, use creative idea and many
more.
Toyota is an organisation which is doing their business in automotive sector. They are
providing their products and services all over the world; as a result, they will acquire maximum
advantages. For this, they will formulate some policies and strategies. According to Manatos,
Sarrico and Rosa (2017), TQM is needed for an organisation as this helps to concentrate on each
and every division. From last many years this method is used by firm because with assistance of
this they will improve their working procedures on continuous basis. As a result, they can easily
compete their competitors at competitive world. As efficiency of goods enhance; therefore,
profits of company will get increase and as a result, they become able to give higher return to
their investors. Apart from this, it is required for superiors of firm to motivate their employees so
that they will improve their items continuously and will achieve coveted targets within provided
time duration.
As stated by Elg, Wihlborg and Örnerheim (2017), technology is changing on continuous
basis so that company has to use new techniques into their business. If they are utilizing that
then, they are not able to compete competitors at marketplace. In this context, to enhance
effectiveness as well as appropriateness of goods and services, manager is using an approach of
TQM. Hence, they can easily accomplish requirements of clients by providing them best quality
items. Fundamentally, this approach is associated with intrinsic procedure of firm. This will
consist that it is necessary for manager to make a sequence of their working; so that, they can
complete their work in a systematic manner. They have to use available resources proficiently as
this will assist to reduce unwanted cost. If organisation is getting positive outcomes on
continuous basis without wasting of crude material, time, fund etc. then, they can easily survive
at marketplace for longer period of time (TQM Make Your Business More Successful, 2017).
According to Roldán Bravo, Lloréns Montes and Ruiz Moreno (2017), importance of
total quality management is prominent because this helps to take benefits from competitors at
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competitive world. Along with this, if manager is using it then, they can easily make a proper
control over their wastage and will reduce their unwanted cost. Instead of this, TQM helps to
keep up an adequate relationship with co – workers at the time of doing work. Along with this, to
develop a calm surrounding it is must to maintain an effective relation amongst employers as
well as employees. As a result, coveted targets will be achieved within limited period of time.
The main target of Toyota is to create innovative and designer cars. This will aid them to
enhance sales and productivity of firm. As a result, this will improve their profits and goodwill at
marketplace. As indicated by Zaragoza and et. al. (2017), an association will utilize strategy of
total quality management so that they can enhance effectiveness of their goods and services. This
will help them to capture attention of numerous people towards them.
Apart from all of this, fundamental target of company is to keep up quality of goods and
services and for this, it is required for them to utilize proper crude material. Therefore, this has
been comprehended that TQM is not only concentrate on a particular division, instead of this, it
focus of each and every unit of organisation. It has been seen that, head of quality team of
Toyota is much captive in relation of each part; as a result, this will provide success to entire
company. As per Song and et. al. (2017), it has been concluded that it is must to focus on all
segment of firm as this will assist them to reduce or eliminate unwanted mistakes.
As conducted by a survey, this has been analysed that there are various thoughts which
will describe real meaning of TQM. This will cater growth as well as improvement to an
association. This term is also portrays by many researchers as there fundamental target is to
comprehend significance of TQM to company so that they will satisfy requirement of their users
by providing them quality items. Toyota is a much popular enterprise and they are using various
marketing schemes into their business because it is helping them to survive for long term at
marketplace. There are many theories are adopted by them to improve their overall operational
activities, this will aid them to increase their profitability as well as productivity.
Deming's theory is fundamentally associated with almost fourteen points of
administration which is discussed by him. He is also known for his ratio which is discussed by
him. Association has to maintain quality of their goods by reducing unnecessary cost. Therefore,
it has been comprehended that fundamental aim of this hypothesis is to concentrate on those
expenses which will affect quality and increase cost of goods. Henceforth, it is required for
company to use needed things to improve their business process.
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As per system appreciation it is required for an organisation to comprehend those
methods and techniques which are using by firm to manufacturing vehicles. They must have an
adequate knowledge regarding variation which will happen because of fluctuation. Manager
must possess proper understanding regarding a particular topic. Along with this, he has adequate
knowledge regarding nature of their employees. According to Petersen (2017), it has been
examined that workers are major part of any company as they help to maintain position of firm at
market by improving quality of items and services. Instead of all of this, there are some other
important factors which will include in Deming's theory. This will aid to develop stability of
targets and use unique thought for goods. Never give an award to company according to price.
Main motto of an organisation has to improve their services and merchandises on regular basis. It
is required for manager to eliminate fear so that staff members will attain targets by maintaining
quality of products. Along with this, superior has to provide proper training to their workers to
increase their work efficiency.
As indicated by Chou and Liao (2017), an adequate cycle PDCA (plan-do-check-act) is
developed which help to make sure that there is continuous improvement in firm. When planning
is done then it is necessary for an employer to perform it and for this they will apply process of
advancement. After that, it is needed to check quality to determine the improvement requirement.
Crosby's theory is prpounded by Philip Crosby, its fundamental concentrate is to manage
quality of goods as well as services which are offering by a firm. He said that, management will
spend money and time because this will help to keep up quality of products; as a result, company
will acquire growth and success. There are some significant factors introduced by him so that
people will comprehend this hypothesis in better way. It is required to attain overall commitment
from group of managerial. Superior will develop a group which help to improve quality of items.
Along with this, an effective matrix will be prepared by them which is associated with every
task. Instead of this, it is necessary to find out quality cost and described methods which help in
impoverishing.
Training will be provided to staff members which works as a motivation for them. As a
result, they will eliminate problems which will provide impact to growth of company. It is
needed for manager to develop zero defect enterprise. Steps which are related to quality
enhancement must be comprehended by both employer as well as employees. To inspire labours
incentives will be given to them. Direct will conduct a session or meetings on regular basis.
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Henceforth, with aid of above described hypothesis this will be grasped that TQM is not
an easy work. It will need an adequate suggestion from much skilled individual; thus, by
following their guidance organisation will achieve success and growth. According to Oakland
and Marosszeky (2017), above described two hypothesis will be used by superior to manage
quality of goods and services. This will assist to pull numerous people towards them. Rather than
this, some other methods will be utilized by an organisation, such as EFQM structure, Juran's
theory and many more.
Therefore, by comprehending all hypothesis this has been examined that It is
fundamental for Toyota to adopt an effective strategies so that they can manage quality of their
vehicles. Furthermore, distinctive methodologies will be utilized by firm as this will help them to
keep up their goodwill at marketplace which is much advantageous for long term success. To
acquire trust as well as loyalty of clients, employer has to build healthy relationship with them.
The biggest example which is linked with TQM is Toyota, because by utilizing this
technique manager will concentrate on their goods and services and in addition will keep up
quality of it. With assistance of total quality management, superior will improve quality of their
products on continuous basis and provide satisfaction to their clients in an effective manner.
Fundamental target of it, is to improve features of their vehicles, like external look, tube,
average, storage, tyres, stiffness and many more things which make Toyota cars more
impressive. As indicated by Waddock and Bodwell (2017), from last some years many firms are
not concentrating on quality of their goods and services as they want to store more fund,
thoughts etc. But in recent time, as technology is changing; therefore, it is must for companies to
utilize new techniques as well as methods; thus, they will make their goods more effective.
As stated by Dale (2015), TQM portrays that an organisation has to focus on quality of
their items because it makes them different from others. Additionally, they will apply some
policies as well as strategies so that firm will eliminate some obstacles which are affecting their
success. Before making schemes, superior has to evaluate their extrinsic and intrinsic
environment; thus, it can be altered as per time changes.
Rather than this, there are many advantages of total quality management which assist
them to satisfy requirements and demands of their customers within specific period of time. To
capture attention of many people, they need to keep up quality of their products and services. If
manager is using TQM into their business then, this will change atmosphere of company. It is
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must for superior to motivate staff members for their personality enhancement. This will assist to
improve their standard of living. According to Düren (2017), by analysing needs and wants of
clients, manager will modify their goods. This will help to provide proper satisfaction to them.
To achieve coveted targets within specific period of time, superior will formulate some
strategies. As a result, sales of firm will get increased, which will aid them to maintain their
reputation at competitive world. It is fundamental for manager to create a friendly surrounding at
workplace; so that workers will share issues and suggestion with them without any hesitation.
Superiors has to find out those problems which are restraining success and growth of an
organisation.
Therefore, after examining each and every thing it has been comprehended that by using
TQM strategy, manager will easily enhance quality of their goods and services. This will aid
them to improve their productivity and this will help to attain coveted targets within limited
period of time.
As stated by Barata and Cunha (2017), TQM is much tangled term as this needs advice as
well as suggestion from talented individual; therefore, each and every thing will apply in an
adequate way. It will contain many stages as this is much essential at the time of designing of
policies and plans for recent items and trend. Apple introduced iPhone 4 during last years; thus,
they will improve their profits and capture attention of numerous people within limited period of
time. Additionally, they adopted new and effective techniques so that they will promote their
goods at global level. For example: TV, social sites, magazines, newspapers and many more. For
highlighting best and effective featured they utilized strategy of total quality management;
therefore, they will get growth by enhancing their sales. Furthermore, they want to take lead in
telecom segment by introducing qualitative items.
As per survey which was conducted in current time, iPhone 4 is liked by many
individuals but it has been noted that after some time total quality management technique get
failed in acquiring attention of young persons due to their more requirements. Therefore, method
which is using by Apple for increasing their sales is neglected by people because of many
reasons. As said by Manatos, Sarrico and Rosa (2017), there are many problems are determined
in iPhone 4, such as blur images, network inconsistency which will provide impact to work of
individuals at the time of travel and many more.
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Instead of all of this, there are some other hidden troubles are there in device which will
influence life of persons. Hence, after conducting a survey it has been comprehended that
organisation has to concentrate on quality of their products at the time of introducing new item.
According to Elg, Wihlborg and Örnerheim (2017), Toyota adopting strategy of total quality
management which help them to enhance quality of their products so that they can easily fulfil
requirements of their clients within limited period of time.
Finally, this has been understood that success as well as growth of an association will
highly associated with strategies, policies or plans which are using by them. It is must for them
to produce quality items and in addition launch new things which are able to accomplish
requirements of people in an effective way. For this, they need to taken into under consideration
adequate figures and facts.
Instead of this, as stated by Roldán Bravo, Lloréns Montes and Ruiz Moreno (2017), total
quality management will be classified into some parts such as plan, do, check and in addition act,
which is collectively known as cycle of PDCA. According to this, primarily company has to go
through the plan as per need of products, after that it is required for staff members to find out
solution of those troubles which are identified at first stage. Furthermore, it is necessary to check
overall procedure by comparing before and after; thus results will be measured. Then, to attain
coveted targets proficiently sufficient time has to be set by manager. Henceforth, firm will utilize
this methodology to acquire much advantages.
CONCLUSION
Hence, from above mentioned assignment it has been concluded that to achieve desired
targets and objectives TQM plays an eminent part. This assists to encourage staff members
towards professional as well as personal goals. Fundamental aim of this report is to present that
if there is enhancement in quality then this will assist to capture attention of numerous people.
Therefore, the foremost example of TQM is Toyota as employer use this approach into their
working process which assist them to keep up quality of their goods and services. Rather than
this, another example which is related to this is iPhone 4, this represents limitations of utilizing
this technique. Finally, it has been understood that, strategy of total quality management is much
significant in failure as well as success of an organisation.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals:
Barata, J. and Cunha, P. R., 2017. Synergies between quality management and information
systems: a literature review and map for further research. Total Quality Management &
Business Excellence. 28(3-4). pp.282-295.
Chou, T. C. and Liao, J. L., 2017. IT governance balancing global integration and local
responsiveness for multinational companies. Total Quality Management & Business
Excellence. 28(1-2). pp.32-46.
Dale, B., 2015. Total quality management. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Düren, P., 2017. Total quality management in academic libraries–best practices. Qualitative and
Quantitative Methods in Libraries. 1(1). pp.43-50.
Elg, M., Wihlborg, E. and Örnerheim, M., 2017. Public quality–for whom and how? Integrating
public core values with quality management. Total Quality Management & Business
Excellence. 28(3-4). pp.379-389.
Manatos, M. J., Sarrico, C. S. and Rosa, M. J., 2017. The integration of quality management in
higher education institutions: a systematic literature review. Total Quality Management
& Business Excellence. 28(1-2). pp.159-175.
Oakland, J. S. and Marosszeky, M., 2017. Total Construction Management: Lean Quality in
Construction Project Delivery. Taylor & Francis.
Petersen, M., 2017. Translation and quality management: Some implications for the theory,
practice and teaching of translation. HERMES-Journal of Language and
Communication in Business. 9(16). pp.201-220.
Roldán Bravo, M. I., Lloréns Montes, F. J. and Ruiz Moreno, A., 2017. Open innovation and
quality management: the moderating role of interorganisational IT infrastructure and
complementary learning styles. Production Planning & Control. pp.1-14.
Song, H. and et. al., 2017. Evaluating the effects of supply chain quality management on food
firms’ performance: The mediating role of food certification and
reputation. International Journal of Operations & Production Management. 37(10).
pp.1541-1562.
Waddock, S. and Bodwell, C., 2017. Total responsibility management: The manual. Routledge.
Zaragoza, R. and et. al., 2017. EPICO 4.0.‘Total quality’in the management of invasive
candidiasis in critically ill patients by analysing the integrated process. Revista
iberoamericana de micologia. 34(3). pp.143-157.
Online:
TQM Make Your Business More Successful. 2017. [Online]. Available through:
<https://www.cebos.com/how-can-tqm-make-your-business-more-successful/>.
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APPENDIX
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Illustration 1: PDCA Cycle