Tourism Development in Egypt: Planning, Sustainability, and Issues

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of sustainable tourism development in Egypt. It begins by exploring the benefits stakeholders, including the government, non-governmental organizations, and local communities, derive from tourism planning. The report then examines the advantages and disadvantages of public-private sector partnerships in tourism. Furthermore, it delves into the introduction of sustainability concepts in tourism development, analyzing factors that may hinder sustainable practices and outlining different stages of planning for sustainability in the Egyptian context. The report also addresses conflict resolution methods to ensure the well-being of tourism destinations, the implications of balancing supply and demand, and the ethical issues associated with enclave tourism. Finally, it compares current issues in tourism development between developing and emerging destinations, offering recommendations for the future development of tourism in these areas. The report emphasizes the importance of interactive planning systems and processes, and evaluates different methods available to measure tourism's impact, including economic, environmental, and social measures.

Sustainable Tourism
Development

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
AC 1.1 Discuss how stakeholders can be benefits from planning of tourism development with
references to Egypt......................................................................................................................3
AC 1.2 Advantages and disadvantages of public/private sector tourism planning partnerships 4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................5
AC 3.1 Justify introduction of the concept of sustainability in tourism development with
references of Egypt.....................................................................................................................5
AC 3.2 Analyse factors that may prevent/hinder sustainable tourism development in context
of Egypt.......................................................................................................................................5
AC 3.3 Analyse different stages in planning for sustainability with references to the Egypt....6
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................7
AC 4.1 Methods of resolving a conflict of interests to ensure future well-being of a
developing tourism destination...................................................................................................7
AC 4.2 Implications of balancing supply and demand..............................................................7
AC 4.3 Moral and ethical issues of enclave tourism...................................................................8
TASK 5............................................................................................................................................9
5.1 Compare current issues associated with tourism development in a developing country and
an emerging destination..............................................................................................................9
5.2 Evaluate with recommendations the future development of tourism in these destinations 10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Sustainable tourism development is most vital concept whose contribution is long-worthy
and collaborative for complete development & ensuring growth for the tourism sector on longer
as well as proactive basis Zamfir and Corbos, 2015). Tourism sector has contributed to nation as
well as bringing jobs for many of people along with development of a culture. In current era,
tourism is one of a growth oriented, which is helpful to give long term sustainability to other
sector along with welfare of other's on proactive basis. Hence, this report is carried out on
tourism in the Egypt and will cover topics related to this sector. Apart from this, report will be
cover on different types of stakeholder which can be benefits from planning of tourism
development in Egypt along with advantages and disadvantages of private/public sector planning
partnership. Also, report will also consists of an issues associated to tourism development.
Lastly, report will also put light on introduction of the concept of sustainability in tourism sector,
factor's that helps to prevent sustainable development of a tourism.
TASK 1
AC 1.1 Discuss how stakeholders can be benefits from planning of tourism development with
references to Egypt
Stakeholder in case of the tourism industry is an individual or entity who has influence
which is both positive or negative in nature and which also tries to give shape to this industry.
Planning of tourism is the vital process, which involves the consideration is to give to empower
manpower, giving importance to builds on infrastructure and checking out scope for industrial
development in relation to various nations (Zaman and et. al., 2016). In context of Egypt, there
are parties or stakeholders such as government, local community and businesses involved into
planning for tourism sector are as follows:
Government: In Egypt which is well known for its natural attraction & beaches in all
over the world, government is expected to be get benefits in terms of increasing revenue, foreign
exchange, economic development & culture development on the priority basis. As, tourism has
generally arrives in millions and this is a vital chance to build gather higher revenue in the Egypt.
Due to tourism, government of this nation has incurred huge expenses on development of the big
infrastructure, policies and establishing long term relationship with other nation on Visa and
clearance regulation.

Non-government organisation: Increase into tourism is beneficial for non-governmental
organisation such as food or beverages, hotel industry or travelling agency, in response of rise in
revenue and consumption of their respective products or services. Hotel industry as part of the
stakeholders is very benefits out of a tourism (Towner, 2015). With development of these firms,
employment and contribution to an economic development is also exists in an effective manner.
Due to increase in the tourism, stakeholders are expected to get higher revenue or income and
also ensures about sustainability of all respective organisations.
Local community: In the Egypt, where religious influences are quite high and people of
different religion leave in this nation. By rise in tourism, job creation, culture development or
brings out culture reforms are expected on a proactive side. In context of Egypt, government of
this nation is also expecting the same as well as enables societal empowerment into the context
of communal advantage.
AC 1.2 Advantages and disadvantages of public/private sector tourism planning partnerships
In every nation of this world, both public and private sector are in an existence to work
out for the market structure and also countries which is either both developing or emerging to
utilises funds and the resources of both these sector to have a better degree of success in the
country. In the Egypt, partnership of a public and also private sector would be effective for this
nation, since out funds by the government can be put for development of a private sector. This
kind of monetary support to private sector is helpful for their rise in potential or ability to work
in the partnership (Sharpley & Telfer, 2015). Egypt has both private or public sector organisation
such as El-hashim tours and with support of a public sector such as government agency or
authority, working in complete partnership is expected to be their and led to bring mutual
understanding in a travel or tourism sector. A mutual existence of both public & private sector is
expected to ensure that an economy is highly stable and tourism has been resulted into growth of
the national income of this nation.
Both public and private sector composition or support is intensive and will advantage for
Egypt in getting an effective growth to this economy along with rise in suitability. A mutual
understanding is between public and private is a vital process with help of which an effective
working and also development of this sector is expected. The public and private sector is past
together have done great work to brings out sustainability for this sector on priority basis. Apart

from advantage, there are several disadvantage of this mutual partnership, is rise in conflict or
clashes due to misunderstanding or due to increase in lack of co-ordination among each of them.
TASK 2
2.1 Analyse features of tourism development planning at different levels
Tourism planning is the main important component that help Qatar in completing its
objectives of tourism growth. It mainly describes the activity that wants to raise the local
occupant well-being and managing the atmosphere with the proper efforts in travel and tourism
sector (Din, 2018). Its important objective is to generate employment, revenue and assure the
security of resources for satisfying the tourists. Here are four level in travel and tourism
development planning which are as under:
International: In this level, tourism planning of Qatar destination focuses on different
transportation services of country. It mainly emphasis on different visitors as well as tour
programs also which is related to the other nations. It also covers various variety of promotional
programs or marketing strategies for maximising visitors base towards Qatar.
National: In this, tourism planning is mainly relate to the Qatar which emphasis on tourism
policy as well as physical structure of specific country. It develops plans for relating main path
of country. Therefore, development of tourism law, organisational structure, investment policy
and so on for mentioned place are also considered as main stages of planning at this level.
(Edgell Sr, 2016).
Regional: In this, tourism planning of Qatar focuses on regional policies, internal transport
network, various marketing strategies etc. All these are important for development of sustainable
tourism.
Environmental level: Such level consists of several steps that to be taken in order to
reform in environment conditions of nation so that the customers can be attracted to visit at
different destinations more frequently. In order to minimise the pollution, gases emission and
other necessary measures should be taken.
Quantitative measures: Such level consists of measurable results regarding the consumer
reaction along with the feedbacks so that they can make changes in the behaviour in favourable
maner.

Economic level: At this level, the nation should be more economical without any
fluctuations. While making tourist planning packages, economic condition of customer should be
properly analysed along with their segmentation so that it can be further profitable for an
organisation in near future.
Qualitative measures: Under such measures, the main focus is on the results that can be
pre-determined with an objective of achieving within pre-determined time period.
2.2 Evaluation of significance of interactive planning systems and processes in tourism
developments
Interactive planning can be explained as an important process which promote the
participation in both the creation in particular nation and plan of desirable future. Interactive
planning refers that organisation giving options to take part in judgement activity (Farmaki and
et. al., 2015). This is the planning in which stakeholders have good knowledge and quality about
working behaviour of authorised structure. This support to stakeholders about working behaviour
and changes happen in enterprises. This planning activity is significant and effective for
stakeholders because they have knowledge about employed behaviour.
Significance of interactive planning process
In development of tourism, interactive planning processes is more essential for Qatar in
different way in which one is, it gives benefits and advantges to large number of stakeholders.
Therefore, in this condition, sustainable planning plays a significant duty in successful working
related process. (Giaoutzi, 2017). There are some importance of interactive planning process
which are determined as under:
 Interactive planning will assist in forecasting or predicting future of Qatar in way of
sustainable development.
 It is more essential and important for attaining long term and short term objectives or
goals for Tourism development of Qatar.
 It assist in preserving environment and development can be achieved according to the
intentions, social factors must also required to consider while implementing plan and
development in Qatar. In order to conserve cultural and natural resources in Qatar with
the help of interactive planning and development in Qatar by providing whole
information related with allocation of resources that the desired results can be achieved.

 It also evaluates economic and social contribution with the help of interaction in systems
and processes in the tourism industry.
 With the help of interacting proper planning and development of market and its
segmentation should be properly can be done in Qatar so that different programs can be
organised at global level. For example, in planning system there are contingency,
functional and planning is the first and foremost step during implementation that shows
how, where and when the objectives can be achieved.
2.3 Evaluation of different methods available to measure tourist impact
Development of travel and tourism organisation can be finished with the assist of
effective planning. There are various measures that is taken in respect to achieve positive results
from operations. Qatar travel and tourism wants to launching Qatar national tourism sector for
achieving best outcomes in 2020. Main objective of planning is to achieve effective results from
different activities. There are some methods in which they work in good manner which are as
follows:
Economic measure- Tourism sector is an essential destination that assist to better
economic situation of the nation. Here are some positive feature which happen in economic
sector of Qatar. Growth in business net profit, employment generation, per capita income,
betterment in GDP etc. assist to better economic situation of Qatar. STEAM model and theory is
exploited to determining economic effect on tourism. With the support of this theory number of
revenue collected, visitors, transportation, accommodation etc. can be determine that support to
plan installation (Mason, 2015).
Environmental measures- Tourist are the persons come to see various places for
different intention. In this case, there are chances of utilization of natural resources. Therefore,
environment activity has goal to developed environmental counter outcomes. In environmental
effect Appraisal, Qatar tourism Authorisation gather information from creator and other
attendant parties to recognise the growth of tourism. In this planning, also include, implications
of resources, environmental accounting, soil, flora and fauna, water, peace, air etc.
Social measure- In travel and tourism industry, social factor main component where is
variation in cultural and social moral element according to geographical area. Qatar Tourism
Authority is liable for planning activities. Therefore, they need to information for supply best
services and work to delegates. Here are two techniques of assembling information such as

primary and secondary source. Separate from this, here are also few different techniques i.e. The
Travel Intensity Index (Mowforth and Munt, 2015). This index supply knowledge about see and
visit in specific time. There is 1 more technique such as Pro Poor Tourism. This is the effective
and best method to gather information via practical advises, statistics etc. Therefore, this assist in
planning installation for traveller in best manner.
TASK 3
AC 3.1 Justify introduction of the concept of sustainability in tourism development with
references of Egypt
Sustainable development can be defined as concept in which current needs of generation
are accomplished without doing any kind of improvisation on an ability of a future generation
which is need to be met. In the tourism development, sustainability means bringing change scope
in tourism sector to brings out effective regulation for a longer period of time. Also, sustainable
tourism is one of the vital concept with help to maximise both social and economic benefits for
the Egypt, would helps to minimise negative impact's on an environment (Ruhanen and et. al.,
2015). Sustainable tourism is one, in which minimum cost is required and support of the
community is a major pre-requisite to ensure growth in this sector. To ensure sustainability in a
tourism sector, resource allocation is need to be acquire such as money, manpower, infrastructure
etc. with help of which regulative ruling or continuation of a tourism is expected to be arrives.
With sustainability, role play as well as effective continuation of a tourism development is
expected to be reaches out in an effective manner. Protection of a cultural heritage as well as old
building is one of a part of sustainability, in which protection of this culture is used to be protects
or regulates in an effective manner.
In the tourism or development sector, scope for its development is expected to be major
as well as growth to this sector is also expected. Into tourism development, this is recognised that
growth orientation is necessary and also regulative for resource allocation is one important to
facilitates tourist to view more and more places in an effective manner. Hence, it is necessary for
tourism to led an effective energy and empowerment of an ethics or code of conduct to achieves
tourism development on a proactive basis (Rodrigues and Peroff, 2015).

AC 3.2 Analyse factors that may prevent/hinder sustainable tourism development in context of
Egypt
In context of Egypt, which is renowned for its cultural development and increasing level
of tourism as because of attractive beaches, pyramid as well as some of the Arabic beauty such
as monuments. As, sustainability is the key factor or the pre-requisite in a tourism development
which is necessary to creates value for this industry and play's out the necessary role in long term
development to attracts tourism at the proactive basis (Budruk, 2016). As, this is necessary, but
some negative factor's such as poor planning, resource allocation as well as lack of an effective
manpower. There are numerous factors which are responsible to hinder sustainable tourism
development in context of the eco-tourism are as follows:
Socio-economic challenges: In the Egypt, challenges such as religious issues, extremist,
riots or rise of the social conflict are some of the barrier to ensure long term sustainability for
tourism purpose. Due to these barrier's it would not be an easy task to manages or overcome
tourism issues in lesser point of time. These issues are need to overcome by creation of social
awareness among people.
Poor planning: Due to the poor planning by government of Egypt, this nation is still
away from an actual growth of a tourism, as a results of lack of planning by government or travel
agency such as accommodation, travelling, security and human regulation.
AC 3.3 Analyse different stages in planning for sustainability with references to the Egypt
Sustainability in travel or tourism is one of most vital concept, in which consideration is
being given to a planning or co-ordination to gather an effective outcomes. While doing planning
, different stages in planning is seen as necessary are as given:
Setting objectives: During planning for sustainability, it is necessary to identifying scope
for tourism and also sets out objective for this sustainability accordingly. In this, objectives can
be employment, revenue, infrastructure development etc., are identified to ensure long term
sustainability.
Doing survey: After setting of an objective, surveys will be taken out from people of both
Egypt or other nation to know and gather suitability to visit Egypt as part of the tourism
(Nunkoo, 2015). In this kind of a survey focus will be given to know economic and cultural
condition to understand scope for bringing sustainability in travel or tourism sector.

Initial policies or plan formulation: After doing survey, policies will be implement to
bring collective information on how long term changes can be brought up in Egypt to enhances
drastic positive changes in the Egypt.
Implementation: After complete identification of a plan or policies, implementation is
the next process in which all of the plan or policies will be implemented using decision making
in context of cultural or legal empowerment to led an effective changes into the Egypt culture or
development into the longer stage.
Monitoring: In this, monitoring of the change will be led into consideration, in which
changes will be evaluates or measured in right manner.
TASK 4
AC 4.1 Methods of resolving a conflict of interests to ensure future well-being of a developing
tourism destination
Interpersonal relations among stakeholders: There are chances of conflict among
stakeholders of Egypt's tourism for both profits and decision making (Mowforth & Munt, 2015).
Conflicts can be arises due to the allocation, plans or procedures, decision taking, politics
among business stakeholders. An interpersonal communication & enhancing transparency would
be helpful to decrease conflicts & led an effective development for accurate or adequate
accommodation.
Host-guest relationship: Hotels in the Egypt may utilises host relationship to overcome
situation of the conflicts as accommodation are leading the cultural values of presentation for the
tourist. The food, services and support in hotels are acquiring the traditional approaches, arts,
cultural values and social patterns to conserve and preserve the heritage.
Acculturation: Conflict to the interest can be caused as because of difference within the
culture or tradition of the stakes people. Egypt country is one of major example of a cultural
presentation, but only community is affected by differences in the cultures (Mason, 2015).
Hence, the clear process to the cultural neutralisation is met a competitive advantages along with
leading the future alteration for human being changes.

Brief summary: Cultural conflicts have led tourism in the Egypt to dark zone and out of
this, it is necessary to have proper knowledge on bringing an effective changes into cultures to
led development of societal norm or procedures.
AC 4.2 Implications of balancing supply and demand
Supply and demands is vital to balance to accomplishes goals or objectives in the tourism
industry. Supply is mean to get to people offering defined products & services in a productive
manner. Apart from this, law of supply related to the tourism in Egypt revealed that increase I
the cost of the destinations as well as tourism based services has led to rise in an amount of
services out of its respective seller. Into this manner, supply in context of tourism is termed as
complete process to rise value of assets or holding, productive services along with product to be
acquires by the tourism and also useful to the journeys of the tourists. Complete supply of the
tourism product or services in regards to the Egypt is clearly has clearly shown suitable
utilisation of supply & demand laws (Farmaki and et. al., 2015).
In context of tourism, supply involves services in role of the infrastructure such as
telecommunication, transportation and staying facilities to the visitors. These kind of the services
are basically termed as part of superstructure as services are majorly initiated to gather the sight
viewing in the Egypt. Supply services can be balanced with making of the theme parks, ski-
slopes and museums into this nation.

AC 4.3 Moral and ethical issues of enclave tourism
Enclave tourism is the tourism in which destination, where tourism based activities are
already in planned and congregated in single small geographic area, in order to gather all kind of
the tourist to really experiences travelling intention without having to deliver travel into remote
area of the host country such as Egypt (Giaoutzi, 2017). There are several conflict related to the
enclave tourism, in which first is that developing along with emerging countries who do not have
enough funds to promote in their in country and also without to convincing the people to
alteration out their respective selection that thy have making fund. The moral issues are occurred
in the way of less integration within tourism industry in the Egypt as the tourist also get only be
an effective opportunity to aware with the native environment of the nation. The business ethics
become the reason of conflicts to serve the customers (Edgell Sr, 2016). Ethical issues such as an
lack of code of conduct, less defined values out of tourism is the major concern to led
development of tourism in an effective manner. Lack of an ethical manpower is one of a legal
consideration which in reality needs to be overcome in lesser point of time.
TASK 5
5.1 Compare current issues associated with tourism development in a developing country and an
emerging destination
Basis of comparison Egypt Thailand

Environmental In Egypt which is very hot nation
in terms of climatic up-down and
doing summer sometimes
temperature crossed to 50 degree
Celsius. But due to summer,
tourism is really high in the
beaches and other water based
town or cities.
In Thailand, where imbalances is
high and severe, such as hot, cold and
rainy at one time and also which has
high insects or flies, which can be
irritating factor for tourists. Along
with this, Thailand is second well
known destiny such as phuket etc.
Economic Egypt is economically very weak
and also their position in
unstable, as the result of the fall
in currency as comparison to the
US dollar. Hence, effective
regulation is necessary for
government to initiates currency
control to attracts high tourist.
Thailand is economically stable in
comparison to Egypt. Currency is
also stable and nation is also costly.
Because of this, nation still has
higher tourist gathering in
comparison to Egypt.
Socio-cultural In context of Egypt, most of the
people have Islamic
background , people of the Egypt
not feel comfortable with tourist.
The men dominant society in
Egypt culture also does not visit
many places.
In Thailand, most of the people
follows Buddhism culture, in which
they believe in greeting and feel
comfortable while interacting with
new people but as a developing
country threats and crime cases are
comparatively high. So tourist has t
face loot and robbery case many
times.
5.2 Evaluate with recommendations the future development of tourism in these destinations
There are several recommendations that is taken in understanding are as follows-
 City of Egypt is increasing its travel destination and developing flexible laws for the
tourist (Din, 2018). While Thailand has to provide safety and security to there tourist.

 Egypt and Thailand should form few lawful regulations in respect to improve and better
image of nation. This assist to decrease counter effect on social-cultural of nation.
 Local persons of Thailand and Egypt are not alert about financial and economic
prospects. Therefore, there is need of conferences and training of local public.
There should be proper and effective guidance or direction to businessmen attendant to
termination of waste product material and proper drain instruction should be planned. This assist
to control and monitor the pollution in nation.

CONCLUSION
From the above report, it is concluded that tourism is one of the necessary, in which
growth is higher and expected to increased on continuous basis. Sustainability in the tourism
sector is one of a necessary or vital aspect's to be occur in given time duration. Moral and ethical
issues are need to be overcome to ensures out growth to the tourism sector along with increasing
output in response to places to be visit or explore by prospective tourist in given point of time.
Lastly, role of the tourism is one of a proactive process of which long term sustainability.

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Online

Egypt Tourism Statistics, 2018. [Online]. Available through:
<https://www.ceicdata.com/en/egypt/tourism-statistics>