Tourism Management: Economic Benefits and Challenges in Australia

This report analyzes the tourism sector in Australia, focusing on its economic impacts and the challenges posed by seasonality. It explores both the positive aspects, such as foreign exchange earnings and infrastructure development, and the negative impacts, including job insecurity and revenue disparities. The report examines job opportunities in the hospitality industry, detailing the qualifications and experiences required for various roles like travel consultants, assistant beverage managers, and sommeliers. It highlights the importance of online platforms for bookings and the need for skilled professionals in different areas of tourism. The conclusion emphasizes the emerging nature of the tourism sector and the interplay of economic factors, job trends, and seasonal employment patterns.

Running head: TOURISM MANAGEMENT
Tourism Management
Name of the student:
Name of the university:
Author note

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Introduction
Seasonality is identified as one of the prominent feature of the tourism sector,
which was derived from the people movement of fluctuation in demand. The causes and
impact of this phenomenon on the specific destinations were well- researched in order
to identify seasonality as a problem in the specific industry. Not only does it affect the
human resources practices in the hospitality industry but sometimes, taken responsible
for the seasonal employment, unemployment and underemployment too (Backer and
Ritchie 2017). This specific feature is affecting the specific locations in order to face the
demand.
Description
The tourism sector is a major area, which poses potential benefits not only to the
host countries but also to the hometown of tourists. For instance, if an Australian tourist
pay visit to UK then the benefit will be faced by both UK and Australia. The developing
countries should take most of the economic benefits in developing their nation by taking
help of tourism. Both positive and negative impacts are associated with the economic
benefits of tourism. There are underlying costs in tourism, which are overlooked by the
host countries and they fall prey to it (Tang, Weaver and Lawton 2017).
The negative impact is mostly faced by the developing countries in comparison
to the developed countries. The developed and the richer countries are able to gain
more profits from the tourism business than the poor countries. On the other hand, the
poor countries need to take most of the advantage from tourism but they are the most
affected. One of the major reasons for this disparity is related to a huge transfer of
tourism revenues from the host nation and avoiding the domestic business and
products. The seasonal character of tourism leads to insecurity in job and it is
associated with inefficiency in training of the workforce. Sometimes, the local individuals
who look for part time jobs during the tourism season might end up in being
unemployed in the next season (Ernawati, Dowling and Sanders 2015).

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Earning foreign exchange and successful import- export business is a
remarkable positive impact of tourism on the nations. Moreover, development in tourism
results in infrastructure growth, which makes the life of local easy and comfortable. It
also helps on the promotion of the place in the international platform (Edgell Sr. 2016).
The money generated from the tourism sector can be beneficial in developing other
sectors too. It will be further helpful in renovating and repairing the tourist sites so that
more people are attracted towards the destination. For instance, the Great Barrier Reef
is popular tourist destination in Australia and it needs to be well- maintained. It will help
the country in gathering more tourists and the circular process will continue (Cassidy
and Hume 2015).
Although there are positive and negative impacts of tourism finance, there are
many companies seeking employment in the specific sector in Australia. According to
the Seek website, there was a vacancy for the position of the assistant beverage
manager on 10 May 2018, in CBD Melbourne. Again, there was another advertisement
for the position of travel consultant in tourism Australia website in Sydney. These
advertisements are a proof to the fact that the economic benefit is not dependent in
seeking jobs or recruiting employees in the hospitality industry (seek.com.au 2018).
However, there are specific qualification and experience required for getting
absorbed in the tourism sector. For instance, to be a travel consultant the applicant
must be thoroughly acquainted with the map of Australia or other places. He should
have a detailed knowledge about the popular routes, monuments and the remarkable
sites in Australia so that he can guide the tourists flawlessly. A degree in the tourism
management from the university will be an added advantage for the applicant to get an
easy job. The qualification and experience vary for different positions in the tourism
sector (Ernawati, Dowling and Sanders 2015). For instance, if an individual is interested
to make a career as a catering manager then he should have in- depth knowledge in the
culinary sector. In that case, he should have passed a graduation and post- graduation
from a reputed university in the specific degree. A prior experience in the similar sector
will be an added benefit for the individual and he will have better scope and
opportunities.

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On the other hand, if an individual is interested to be a sommelier, then he is
required to have passed out in the examination of wine management and prior work
experience. Most of the top class Australian restaurants do not employ a sommelier
without prior experience. This is because wine management is a critical sector and an
inexperienced person will not be able to deal with it. Se3rving wine is an art and mixing
it in the right quantity takes real patience. Therefore, the tourism sector of Australia
always looks for an experienced sommelier (tourism.australia.com. 2018).
If an individual is interested in being a reservation consultant of the tourism
department then he might not be highly qualified. In that case, he is required to have
sound knowledge of computer and internet. This is because the job requirement is to
maintain customer record of online booking and providing them with the relevant
information. In international tourism, most if the bookings are done online and
sometimes over phone. Therefore, it is required to maintain the website properly so that
the tourists can get a clear idea from the same (Norrish, Sanders and Dowling 2014).
Conclusion
It can be concluded from this essay that tourism is an emerging sector in
Australia and all over the planet. There are positive and negative economic impacts
related to tourism. Moreover, the seasonal nature of this industry is responsible for
causing employment, underemployment and unemployment. This essay was
responsible for highlighting the recent trends of tourism jobs among the applicants as
well as the recruiters. The qualities and experience required to make a career in the
similar sector was described in this essay. It was found out that the economic impacts
were not associated with the job opportunities in tourism sector.

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References
Backer, E. and Ritchie, B.W., 2017. VFR travel: a viable market for tourism crisis and
disaster recovery?. International Journal of Tourism Research, 19(4), pp.400-411.
Cassidy, F. and Hume, M., 2015. Advancing the global perspective of tourism by
examining core and peripheral destinations. In Handbook of Research on Global
Hospitality and Tourism Management (pp. 37-53). IGI Global.
Edgell Sr, D.L., 2016. Managing sustainable tourism: A legacy for the future. Routledge.
Ernawati, N.M., Dowling, R. and Sanders, D., 2015. Tourists’ perceptions of community-
based tourism products for sustainable tourism in Bali, Indonesia. In The Practice of
Sustainable Tourism (pp. 117-134). Routledge.
Norrish, L., Sanders, D. and Dowling, R., 2014. Geotourism product development and
stakeholder perceptions: a case study of a proposed geotrail in Perth, Western
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SEEK. (2018). Hospitality & Tourism Jobs in All Australia - SEEK. [online] Available at:
https://www.seek.com.au/jobs-in-hospitality-tourism [Accessed 10 May 2018].
Tang, C., Weaver, D. and Lawton, L., 2017. Can stopovers be induced to revisit transit
hubs as stayovers? A new perspective on the relationship between air transportation
and tourism. Journal of Air Transport Management, 62, pp.54-64.
Tourism.australia.com. (2018). Job Opportunities - Corporate - Tourism Australia.
[online] Available at: http://www.tourism.australia.com/en/about/careers/job-
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