Analysis of Stakeholders in Tourism Planning and Development

This report examines the multifaceted role of stakeholders in sustainable tourism projects, categorizing them into private, public, and voluntary sectors, and analyzing their respective contributions to economic, ecological, and cultural aspects of tourism. It highlights the benefits of involving stakeholders in tourism development, such as improved marketing, conservation of cultural heritage, and the generation of revenue. The report also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of public-private partnerships in tourism planning, emphasizing the need for quality structures and employment opportunities, while also addressing potential risks and social gaps. Furthermore, it explores the importance of interactive tourism planning systems and development processes, using the Lake District as a case study, and evaluates the STEAM and Cambridge models for their impact on tourism development, considering their pros and cons in terms of local factors, international recognition, and industry-specific knowledge.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Role of stockholders in sustainable tourism project. ..................................................................1
2. Benefits of involving stakeholders in planning of tourism development....................................1
3. Advantage and disadvantage of private/public sector tourism planning partnership..................1
4. Importance of interactive tourism planning system and process in development along with
pros and cons of such a system........................................................................................................2
REFERENCES ...............................................................................................................................1

1. Role of stockholders in sustainable tourism project.
Stockholders are divided into three category private, public and voluntary sectors. On the
basis of the Lake District roles of investor are mentioned below:
Private sector: The role of private stakeholder is emphasised on economical and marketing field
of tourism. In order to achieve this In planning are involved for developing and establishing
long term sustained and growing tourisms market. Such as the Lake district also involve various
economical and marketing approaches into their plan to increase revenue of by attracting more
number of clients.(Briassoulis, and Van der Straaten, eds., 2013). For instance Thomas Cook is
considered as private sector stakeholders.
Public sector: The role of public investor is concern with managing ecological balance. They
also emphasise on improving cultural, and communication for attracting tourists. Therefore, they
use to monitor activities to maintain quality of cultural resources. Similarly, Lake district is also
involve various ecological management approaches into their plan. For instance National gallery
considered as public sector stakeholders.
Voluntary sector:The role of voluntary stakeholders are to manage natural resources. Because
due to tourism activity various natural resources get degraded. Therefore all the activities are
monitored to analyse impact of tourism on natural resources. Such as Lake district also involve
various natural resources conservation approaches into their plan. For instance National trust is
considered as voluntary sector stakeholders.
2. Benefits of involving stakeholders in planning of tourism development.
By involving stakeholders into the tourism development plans. various benefits can be
achieved like if they are from to private sector then in that case, they will consider all issues
related to economy and marketing. Because of the same, various promotional plans will be
introduced at local and regional level. Stakeholders of public sector taking various measures in
order to conserve cultural heritage of that area various festivals and events will be organized at
national level so that more number of people can become aware with the same (Lee, 2013).
Apart from that, stakeholders from voluntary sector give emphasis on natural resources for this
they have designing various policies in order to reduce consequences and can be attract
international tourists also.
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Stakeholders consists of set of employees, investors and local and government agencies.
During implementation of tourism development activities biggest advantage is received by
stakeholder. Through this process they are able to increase opportunities for generating revenue,
helps in increasing GDP and strengthen economical structure. Helps in enhancing infrastructure
and maintains image of the destination at global platform.
3. Advantage and disadvantage of private/public sector tourism planning
partnership.
Advantages: The benefits of public- private partnership are mentioned below such as:
 High quality structures are developed and maintained in order to attract more number of
tourists through their engineering and designing.
 As governments are also involved into partnership, due to this low tax rates are imposed
on localities along with this marketing and promotion become at national level.
 Due to government investment, other socio-economic areas will be influence through
these schemes and show their participation (Mowforth, and Munt, 2015).
 Helps in maintaining heritage and culture of the place.
 Increases employment opportunities.
 Helps in maintaining infrastructure of the place.
 Provide global image to the place.
Disadvantage: Disadvantage of private- public partnerships are mentioned below.
 In the partnership process, every time risks are imposed on the private side due to which
government cost get decreased automatically.
 In case if fixed numbers of private entities are involved into the process then limited
competitors will be available for the cost effectively because out of limited investors few
will remain for competition.
 Profitability become dependent on competition level and size of the project that is
happing for development of tourism.
 Cost of the services gradually get increased.
 Social gap between will be created.
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 Negative impact on environment can be also analysed.
4. Importance of interactive tourism planning system and process in
development along with pros and cons of such a system.
Both planning and processing are considered as an important stage for tourism
development because through this, more numbers of investors can be easily attracted towards
proposals and invest for development and also give their suggestions, in order to achieve more
interactive results. Such as the Lake District is an national park established in UK. They also
consider various approaches in order to introduce factors that are essential for any biological
park but at the same time presented in creative manner so that more visitors can be attracted
(Wells, et.al., 2016). Along with this customer can be attracted by implementing interactive
development approaches due to this investment budge of government get reduced and do not
make any negative impact on localities. Along with pros related to Lake district is that through
this huge number of investment can be gathered due biological park due to which development
of area become fast and people will be provided with more facilities. Cons is due to this animals
may get affected and disturbed and due to this ecosystem of park may get affected.
STEAM model: This model is considered for analysing economical impact of tourism activity. It
is based on bottom up approach. In this approach researches are conducted using the local
resources. This process helps in identifying the development strategies through which benefits of
local agencies can be maximised. It is considered as a structural framework through which input
and output of the process can be analysed, it is based on the macro and micro business
environmental factors.
 Pros: The major advantage of considering this approach is it helps in analysing the basis
and local factors. Through this model changes can be implemented into the structure of
the planing model. Helps in analysing loopholes of the process.
 Cons: The processing depends on the facts and figures, due to which actual results may
very for the calculated.
Cambridge model: This model is mostly considered by the England tourism board. It is also
based on bottom up approach. With the help of this approach they are able to identify various
weakness of tourism sector. On the basis of that necessary changes can be implemented.
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 Pros: It is able to eliminate all the weakness of the existing tourism planning models.
Through this approach tourism industry is able to get international recognition.
 Cons: in order to implement this approach individual should have effective knowledge of
techniques, so that process can be effectively handle. Along with this volume of the
industry also get reduces due to this approach.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Briassoulis, H. and Van der Straaten, J. eds., 2013. Tourism and the environment: regional,
economic, cultural and policy issues (Vol. 6). Springer Science & Business Media.
Lee, T.H., 2013. Influence analysis of community resident support for sustainable tourism
development. Tourism Management. 34. pp.37-46.
Mowforth, M. and Munt, I., 2015. Tourism and sustainability: Development, globalisation and
new tourism in the third world. Routledge.
Wells, E.C., and et. al. 2016. The impacts of tourism development on perceptions and practices
of sustainable wastewater management on the Placencia Peninsula, Belize. Journal of
Cleaner Production. 111. pp.430-441.
Online
Sustainable tourism. 2010. Available through:
<http://www.unesco.org/education/tlsf/mods/theme_c/mod16.html>. [Accessed on 6th
June 2017].
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