A Comparative Report: Leading Change in Tour Operator Businesses

This report examines the critical aspects of change management within the context of two leading UK tour operators, Trailfinders and Contiki. The introduction sets the stage by highlighting the dynamic nature of the business environment and the necessity for effective change managemen...Read More

UNDERSTANDING
AND
LEADING CHANGE

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1. Comparison between two organisations with impact of change on an organisational
strategy and operations...........................................................................................................1
P2. Evaluation of ways through which internal and external drivers of change affect
leadership, team and individual behaviour.............................................................................3
P3 Measures that can be taken to minimise the negative impact of change on organisational
behaviour................................................................................................................................5
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
P4. Different barriers of change and their influence on decision making..............................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
P5. Different approaches of leadership while dealing with change ......................................7
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Business environment is dynamic in nature and it shows variations time to time. As
changes are a permanent thing and to deal with this management has to take appropriate actions
to ascertain adequate outcomes and revenues. It is a fundamental task of management that they
understand change and implement those variations in effective manner to make business more
successful. To lead permutations in marketplace, leaders have to understand alterations and to
formulate strategies to execute change because this kind of action leads a prominent position of
company in industry. This report is focused on Trail-finders and Contiki. Both of these are
leading tour operators in United Kingdom that are famous for their world-class services as it is
fundamental of them. Trail-finders is a big corporate house that deals in selling holiday plans and
packages and have their operations in many countries (Sarkar and Padaria, 2016).
TASK 1
P1. Comparison between two organisations with impact of change on an organisational strategy
and operations
There are several variations that lead to change in corporation and those alteration can be
seen in policies, procedure of productions, structure, environment etc. Nature of modifications
can be both negative and positive so management has to understand this and implement those
revulsions in an effective manner so that remarkable gain and interest could be attained. For
development and dealing with competition small businesses are in need to adopt permutations as
this kind of their nature make able them to handle all hurdles that they are facing in conducting
operations (Kika, 2014).
In association with tactics, policies, operations, technologies etc., there are various
changes that is seen in business entity. All revulsions are need to be understand by managers to
gain competitive advantage in marketplace. To handle these variations in corporation seniors
have to make appropriate actions and strategies to remove all weaker areas of association. These
modifications can be apply by introducing several models. Trail-finders and Contiki are two
leading tour operators in UK and Trail-finders have their offices in many countries. Other side
Contiki is a little tour operations company. It is clear that chances of occurrences change in
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business are more in comparison with large corporate houses. Major differences in change
between Trail-finders and Contiki are described as below:
Basis Trail-finders Contiki
Change in external factors Whenever changes are seen in
Govt. policies, economic
conditions, and technologies, it
is also seen that it impacts a
negative effect on working
patterns as company has to
change their manner to meet
current demand of customers.
It is to be affected by
permutations but only on small
level as they operates their
business activities on small
level.
Structural Change If alterations are identified in
organizational structure then it
is not so risky for corporation.
These revulsions are easily
accepted by employees of this
firm as they are using
appropriate corporate culture
already.
If these type of modifications
arises in company then they
affects working patterns
negatively because their
workers are not ready to accept
changes.
Emerging Technologies To launch variations in
association managers of Trail-
finders can use best
technologies and tools that is
helpful in gaining several sort
of advantages.
As it is a small scale enterprise
so that they are not having
proper resources to use
techniques for introducing
revulsions.
To deal with all kind of permutations, it is essential for managers that they formulate adequate
tactics to prevent association from all negative impacts related with change. To get rid out of this
negative effects management plans and formulates powerful strategies (Gale and et. al., 2014). Strategy: revulsions can be seen of two kinds one is negative and other is positive. To
deal with these permutations it is a duty of leaders that they motivate their staff to accept
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modification by executing proper tactics. It does not matter whether corporation is large
or small, for every type of association they have to handle changes in that manner in
which negative aspects until it changes into positive outcomes. These alterations can be
analysed by studying PEST factors of environmental analysis.
 Operations: For obtaining better and greater outcomes, leader has to implement new
technologies in business because this increases level of functionalities and generate hike
in productivity to meet all demands.
So, in Trail-finders and Contiki leaders have to showcase their presence effectively and
strongly so that employees can deal with various revulsions in best appropriate manner so that
corporation could become efficient in dealing with variations. Corporation can became able in
accepting challenges by formulating adequate strategies and policies.
P2. Evaluation of ways through which internal and external drivers of change affect leadership,
team and individual behaviour
Management of change means implementation of appropriate tools and techniques to
make force ready to accept challenges so that they should be able in generate more profits to
their association (Eisner, 2015). There are five points of external factors which have a vital
impact on company's leadership, groups and personnels: Customer led drivers – Consumers are those on whom growth and success of association
depends. Changes in pricing and quality directly affect clients and this will impact
business in positive and negative manner. Variation in rates and qualities are depend
upon tastes, preferences and desires of clients. Technology led drivers - Need of new techniques arises when old technologies gets
obsolete and current working pattern is producing low quality goods. Business launch
new tools in their house to make pattern up to date so that they could be able in
enhancing market share in industry. Investors led drivers – Whenever investors of association gets increased, it is also
considers as a kind of change. Competitors-led drivers – By adopting revulsions companies are operating at good level
and because of this rate of competition is get increased so Trail-finders has to taken this
into consideration to retain their market share (Dori, Mevarech and Baker, 2017).
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 Govt.-led drivers: Seldom alterations in government policies and legislations put effect
on working patterns of company. To operate all functions properly Trail-finders has to
consider all laws and regulations while making policies and strategies.
Apart from above discussed tools there are some other method that has to be taken into
consideration in evaluating ways of change occurrence. These methods are as follows: Political: Trail-finders and Contiki have to identify those political factors that can affect
implementation o0f change negatively and has to take corrective action to get rid out of
this kind of situation (Furlan and Faggion, 2015). Economical: Point that affects behaviour of a personnel in organisation is economy of
nation. Growth of economy enhances when level of individual contribution get increases.
If economic condition of county is good then it impacts operations of business positively. Social: A customer of Trail-finder and Contiki comes from society and if there taste and
preferences got changed then they affect working pattern of business along with changes
in their services.
 Technological: This kind of modification occurs when new innovation is launched or
older technique got obsolete. So to enhance working style it is a duty of manager of both
corporations that they introduce new and upgraded tools in production methods.
Managers has to frame tactics while considering all patterns like macro and micro.
Strengths Weaknesses
Trail-finder are a well settled corporation and it
has remarkable resources. With assistance of
these resources management of company are
able to implement revulsions.
Trail-finder are association with large pool of
employees so that they can not launch
modifications on duration of short periods.
Opportunities Threats
Trail-finder have this opportunity to deal with
more number of customers as corporation have
many workers who are ready to attend all
clients.
With help of accepting alterations small scale
enterprises are going to take their operations on
large level and this kind of behaviour is
creating more competition for Trail-finders.
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Burke Litwan Model uses by management properly to manage all kind of changes that are
occurring in venture (Butt, Naaranoja and Savolainen, 2016). This model consists 12 activities
into 3 major points are stated as beneath: Input & Output Element: Managers has to analyse all external factors that are necessary
for understanding change and by studying these management has to formulate tactics
properly. With assistance of this performance of organisation as well as workers to be
studied for better working patterns and improving functionalities. Transformational Element: This heading mainly addresses top management as they need
to adopt assertive leadership style so that they can launch all related alterations into
corporation and become able in gaining all advantages that are present in marketplace.
 Transactional Element: Day to day operations get affected when permutations arises on
short period basis. To accept or reject those variation operational department need to
analyse all factors which are associated with this then has to take proper actions on it.
P3 Measures that can be taken to minimise the negative impact of change on organisational
behaviour
Change can be negative or positive in nature. It varies firm to firm and its effects are also
vary according to need of change. It is a fundamental task of managers that they analyse all
aspects related to permutation so that negative effect could be reduced and positive impact could
be enhanced in Trail-finder. This type of action ensures high productivity and greater client
satisfaction by providing holiday packages. Management team has to take strict actions in order
to diminish all negative effects like resistance to alteration etc (Raia and Rook, 2014). creation of pathway: It is done for making communication strong among employees. As
it provides proper and adequate information from employer to workers. Explain about plans: It is a fundamental task of manager to explain and measure all
factors that are related with alteration plan so that manpower could adopt them with self
motivation. Participation in meetings and seminars groups: To execute all strategies that are
associated with change in appropriate manner leader has to take active part in seminars
and meetings along with other activities.
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 Manage planning and its implementation: In this management team has to identify a
person from every team so that chosen personnel could explain all aspects to their
teammates.
 Implementation of plan with suitable goals and targets: It is a last step to execute
strategy in order to fulfil need of creating milestone for performance achievement level
(Furlan and Faggion, 2015).
TASK 2
P4. Different barriers of change and their influence on decision making
This model is propounded by Edgar Schien Professor of Management Emeritus who
stated effect of organisational culture and leadership both. Hurdles that come up in ways of
change implementation are like differences in cultures that employees bring in corporation.
There are many problems related to it like bureaucracy, internal issues, external factors etc.
A leader has to take some decision regarding increment in price, improvisation in product
quality, supply chain management and new technology. While making judgements, manager
faces so many problems and issues that are associated with survival and adoption of
modification. Other problems that are related with time and space to implement changes.
Self-efficiency perceptions and resistance to change:
When alteration occurs in corporation then employees who are working in business have
their own perception related to modification. Manpower take new revulsions as a barrier in their
carrier growth. Then they resist to change and became reason of poor execution of permutation
strategies.
Another problem in adoption of new and improved technology is that employees are not
having specialized virtue to deal with technique. So it is a responsibility of manager that they
make their workforce fully trained so that they can accept all challenges related to new alteration
(Orlando, 2013).
Force Field Analysis:
This model is propounded by Kurt Lewin. In this he supported corporate culture but there
are some criticism in this framework. Leaders struggles when they have to take tough and strict
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decisions. Barriers are present in the form of lack of staff overtime, effect of extrinsic
atmosphere, fearfulness in staff due to new technology adaptation.
Case Study
In this, before conducting market research leader arranges a meeting with his juniors and
provides them different case studies. Main motto of these kind of activities is to make rationale
market strategies against rivals (Ayanlade, Radeny and Akin-Onigbinde, 2017). This heading
includes vast discussions, different views and perspective arises in them. It is a very difficult task
for a spearhead to analyse that which idea is relevant and which is illogical. This section
considers barriers of decision making.
Situational Resistance to Change:
This style stated that organisational alterations are done as per task that are associated
with fulfilment of objectives. Main criteria behind this is completion of operations in particular
time limit. In such conditions chieftain feels that employees are not thinking that they are fit for
revulsion.
TASK 3
P5. Different approaches of leadership while dealing with change
Paul Hersey and Ken Blanchard came up with idea of situational leadership theory that
they developed in 1969. This theory depends upon two points that are directive and supportive
behaviour of a headsman (Pellicer-Sifres and et. al., 2017). This thing can be elaborated by four
levels like telling, leaders only directs orders and working patterns and have low supportive
behaviour. Spearheads showcases low supportive and directive behaviour in case of delegating.
There is an another case of selling, in this both factors is onto be very high demonstrate.
Situational theory states that a person is how much eligible in performing a particular task
so that personnel should be assigned with that action in which he has specialization for
completion of project to get higher returns and outcomes. Ahead in this approach more
importance is given to task not on their assignment to right person that is responsible of action
accomplishment.
Trail-finder are a regularly growing company which is in need to follow situational
theory for establishing betterment in task competition (Naotunna, 2013).
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Positive and negative feedbacks are lead by change in entire working atmosphere. So it is
essential for leaders that they take into consideration to understand complete variation procedure
so that he can make judgements to implement revulsions.
 It is a main task of a headsman to manage all actions and operations in efficient manner
in order to provide particular info to externals stakeholders related to changes like where
alteration is needed, how much action it is required and where these changes can be
implemented properly. Permutations that are arises in strategies should be communicated
to employees so that they could give their valuable contribution in project
accomplishment within time frame (Gathwal and et. al., 2017).
 If a worker is not able in adopting change and he is stuck in earlier working pattern then
it is a duty of leader to find out all issues that worker is facing and take action to get out
of him into that situation. In this condition spearhead ensures coordination and
collaboration among manpower because it is compulsory for higher productivity and
greater outcome.
So in case of Trail-finder all above processes are followed by their managers of different
functional areas to execute changes appropriately for ensuring success and growth of
corporation.
Kotter's 8-Step Model
John Kotter, who was a management thinker propounded a model which enlightens ways
of effective implementation of change in order to get prominent and remarkable gains from
marketplace. First three model are concerned with creation of suitable atmosphere for happening,
next two stages pays attention on establishing connection between change and environment.
Other two phases are concerned about final implementation and consilidation of change:
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Illustration 1: BUSINESS MANAGEMENT: CHANGE, 2016
(Source: BUSINESS MANAGEMENT: CHANGE, 2016 )
Increased Urgency
In this company make aware their workforce regarding need of modification adoption so
that they could gain required level of support from their manpower. It is to be a honest and
genuine appeal to workers so that they work with self interest. While decreasing all threats and
improving opportunities.
Build guiding team
In this situation managers focuses on developing those teams whose members are self
motivated and always be ready to adopt alteration. This kind of team making having a motto of
creating cooperation and coordination among manpower (Kika, 2014).
Develop the Vision
In this level leaders creates a vision in advance and shows the same to their junior
executives so that they have to be aware about what they need to do in specific time period.
Connection between mission and visions can be done through adequate communication.
Communicating for buy in
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leader understands opinions and view of employees at time of finalising new vision of
company because such manner propounds a way in which vision can be presented clearly by
effective communication.
Empower Action
All possible hurdles need to be removed by spearheads in order to complete task in
efficient pattern.
Create short term wins
This section says that short objectives must be set in order to complete all task in
adequate and effective manner. This supports in completing all activities in that way in which
growth and success of corporation could be enhanced.
Don't let up
This heading includes that for getting positive results due to change company focuses on
more than one aims.
Make change Stick
In this last step all revulsions and modifications need to attend properly in order to make
management personnel eligible for applying the permutation (Isenhour, O’Reilly and Yocum,
2016).
Trail-finder are a prominent travel agency that is known for best facilities. It have better
perspective of its customers which assist management to attain all objectives in appropriate
manner. Leaders are in need to apply all changes that are necessary for accomplishing all goals
in appropriate manner. Kotter's 8 step model provide support in managing alterations which are
related to association and bring efficiencies and effectiveness in operations performance.
CONCLUSION
This assignment can be summarised as styles of leadership has remarkable impact on
change-management that an organisation has to adopt in order to improvise efficiency of
productivity. Change models are to launched adequately so that they could generate profitability
to corporation. In this report various strategies are enlighten up for execution of alteration for
better results. Evaluation of revulsions are must for removing obstacles in ways of
implementation. Drivers of changes are also been discussed in this project. Manager need to
understand all process which starts from need of change and ends with efficient implementation
of modification.
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REFERENCES
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Online
BUSINESS MANAGEMENT: CHANGE. 2016. [Online]. Available through:
<https://library.scotch.wa.edu.au/businessmanagement/year11/change>.
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