Impact of Training and Development on Aviation Performance

This report analyzes the impact of human resource management (HRM) and employee training and development on organizational performance within the aviation industry, specifically focusing on Singapore Airlines. The study begins with an introduction to the significance of HRM, followed by a literature review that highlights the critical need for effective HRM practices within Singapore Airlines. It then explores the integration of training and development models, detailing the assessment of needs, design of programs, implementation, and evaluation phases. The report examines the impact of HRM on Singapore Airlines, discussing various employee development approaches and the importance of tailored training programs for different departments like mechanical and cargo. The findings emphasize how well-structured training programs enhance employee skills, customer satisfaction, and overall organizational success. Finally, the report concludes with recommendations for improving HRM strategies, such as implementing a conjunctive selection strategy, fostering a supportive work environment, and providing practical training to ensure employees are well-prepared for their roles in the aviation industry.

Running Head: How training and development of human resources in the aviation industry affect organisational
performance
HOW TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN
RESOURCES IN THE AVIATION INDUSTRY AFFECT
ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE

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How training and development of human resources in the aviation industry affect organisational performance
Abstract
The Human Resource Management in an industry or organisation performs a very important duty
and helps in enhancing the functioning of the industry as a whole. In the first section of this
study, the important role of HRM has been briefly introduced. This section is followed by the
literature review which thoroughly discusses the need for HRM in the aviation industry of
Singapore Airlines. This aspect is followed by the method of training and development program
and its impact on Singapore Airlines towards bringing a positive result. After this section, the
overall findings of the study have been discussed in the conclusion section. Lastly, this study
ends with understanding the recommendations which are needed to be followed through which
the organisation can proceed successfully.

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How training and development of human resources in the aviation industry affect organisational performance
Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
Literature Review............................................................................................................................3
Need for Human Resource Management in Singapore Airlines..................................................3
Integration of Training and Development model.........................................................................4
Impact of HRM on Singapore Airlines........................................................................................6
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................8
Recommendation.............................................................................................................................8
References......................................................................................................................................10

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How training and development of human resources in the aviation industry affect organisational performance
Introduction
Human Resource Management or HRM helps in the strategic organization of responsibilities
required for the effective functioning of an organization or company. It mostly focuses on
enhancing the skill set of employees for better productivity so that an organization is able to meet
its goal. The company of Singapore Airlines is facing consequences due to its lack of proper
management. Therefore, the implementation of HRM would help the organisation in training
their staff to provide a good outcome. Thus, the aim of this research is to understand the aspects
of HRM and its impact on Singapore Airlines.
Literature Review
Need for Human Resource Management in Singapore Airlines
The aviation industry is one of the largest growing sectors in the 21st century. Singapore Airlines
has managed to make a profit of $893 million in 2017 as compared to the previous year.
However, the lack of proper management is pulling the organisation from reaching its full
potential. According to the Singapore Economic Development Board or EDB, this sector would
create more job opportunities by 2020. Therefore, the strategic implementation of Human
Resource Management is of utmost importance (mot.gov.sg, 2018). The cargo load of Singapore
Airlines is experiencing an increase in productivity and therefore is in need of trained
individuals. It is exactly in this aspect where human resource management would play a vital role
(travel-impact-newswire.com, 2018).

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How training and development of human resources in the aviation industry affect organisational performance
Apart from cargo, Singapore Airlines consists of airports, hangars, and even manufacturing
department. Each of these sectors specializes in different types of work; hence, different kind of
training is needed. Training goes hand in hand with increasing the organisational performance
and thus, increases employee capacity as well as competency level (Albrecht et al. 2015).
Personnel training and development program conducted by HRM would undoubtedly help in
enhancing the performance level of Singapore Airlines (sbr.com.sg, 2018). Therefore, a positive
relationship can be formed between the performance of employee and business performance.
Therefore, the organisation of Singapore Airlines would be able to experience rapid growth in
internal along with external aspect.
Integration of Training and Development model
One of the main responsibilities of the Human Resource Management is providing training to
employees so that they can provide effective performance in their field of work. Through the aid
of HRM, Singapore Airlines can reach its full potential and enhance its performance. The aspect
of training and development can be understood in a more thorough way with the help of a
Training and Development model (managementhelp.org, 2018).

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How training and development of human resources in the aviation industry affect organisational performance
Figure 1: Training and Development model
(Source: shrm.org, 2018)
 Assessment of needs
The first aspect of HRM model analyses the needs of the organization. Through this, Singapore
Airlines can understand which aspects they need to improve in order to provide better results.
This stage also assesses the skill sets of the employees through which HRM assess who would be
the best for the organisation
 Design
After the assessment is done, it is the responsibility of the HRM team to design a proper training
and development plan. As opined by Alfalla-Luque, Marin-Garcia and Medina-Lopez (2015), the
plan is designed in such a manner that would benefit both the organisation as well as the
employees. Therefore, HRM of Singapore Airlines is needed to design a specific course
according to the needs of the different department.
 Implementation
The process of design of the training program should be followed by its implementation. In this
step, the program design which has been designed by the HRM team should be put to use for the
training of the employees. It would undoubtedly help the employees to achieve the desired skill
set through which Singapore Airlines can move towards a positive direction.
 Evaluation

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How training and development of human resources in the aviation industry affect organisational performance
The last step which is followed by the HRM team is a proper observation of the training
program. According to Helmreich and Merritt (2017), the process of evaluation helps in
determining if the above procedures are being carried on in a proper manner. Through this, the
HRM team can understand if the employees thoroughly understand the skills and knowledge of
the industry. If there is any lack in the training program, the HRM team can access it and
implement a far better process which would help the employee acquire the required skills needed
by the organisation (Tuzovic, Wirtz & Heracleous, 2018).
Impact of HRM on Singapore Airlines
In order to enhance the skill set of employees, the HRM of Singapore is needed to integrate four
approaches of employee development. These are known as laissez-faire, autocracy, meritocracy
and co-determination (Bell et al. 2017). All these factors have a direct or indirect impact on the
performance of the individual which equals the organizational performance of Singapore
Airlines. Along with these, employee empowerment practice can be implemented as well. It is
one of the most effective methods through which not only are the employees motivated but also
their outcome of work is exceptional.
Singapore Airlines has numerous departments which include mechanical experts as well as cargo
which requires physical labour. The training program of HRM would be different for these two
as their main focus is different (Sung & Choi, 2014). In the first aspect, employees would be
trained to handle various parts of an aircraft such as rotary-wing and morphable wings. While in
cargo, employees would be trained where the goods received should be carried out and kept.
Therefore, a proper training and development program would make the employees
knowledgeable about the duties needed to be performed by them.

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How training and development of human resources in the aviation industry affect organisational performance

Training and Development Program
New Employees
Potential Managers
Skilled EmployeesUnskilled Employees
Competent Managers
Motivated and
Committed Employees
Input Output
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How training and development of human resources in the aviation industry affect organisational performance
Figure 2: Input and Output process of Training and Development Program
(Source: Influenced by Kirkpatrick and Kirkpatrick, 2015)
Through the implementation of the training and development program by the HRM team,
Singapore Airlines would be able to meet the customer satisfaction level and run in an orderly
and functioning manner (hbr.org, 2018). The end result of this program would make the
employees skilled in respective departments. Along with that, the employees would be trained to
groom and perform basic responsibilities required in the aviation industry thoroughly. Therefore,
the training and development program would reflect positively Singapore Airlines. It would help
the industry to rise on top of the global market with its effective performance.

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How training and development of human resources in the aviation industry affect organisational performance
Conclusion
Human Resource Management is one of the key factors for an organisation to be successful. This
research paper thoroughly focuses on this aspect and analyses its impact on the aviation sector.
The main focus of this paper is a training and development program which can help in enhancing
the productivity level of Singapore Airlines. Through the aid of training and development
models, the different steps required in this process have been thoroughly observed. As Singapore
Airlines is a fast growing organisation, more trained individuals are needed in order to manage
all its aspects. This essential duty of training is performed by HRM of the organisation. Thus, its
possible outcomes have also been discussed in the last section of this research paper which
highlights the importance of HRM.
Recommendation
In order to increase the productivity rate of Singapore Airlines, the organisation is recommended
to implement a proper Human Resource Management team. This would undoubtedly help
Singapore Airlines to function in a more orderly manner. The process of Conjunctive Selection
Strategy can be implemented by the organization. Through this method, candidates who have a
basic skill set as well as the ones with potential to work for this organization as can be
thoroughly determined. Therefore, effective individuals can be chosen to be trained into
competent employees through the integration of training and development program.
The organization should also maintain a stable environment for the employees. For example, it
can be done by the implementation of reward and recognition policy. In this policy, employees
are rewarded for their hard work and this keeps them motivated to perform better work in the

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How training and development of human resources in the aviation industry affect organisational performance
future. Other than this aspect, it is of utmost importance to follow an effective training strategy
for the employees to groom in the best method. Practical training is recommended to be
integrated so that employees of Singapore Airlines can have real-time experience of their duties
and responsibilities. This process of training would make the employees absolutely ready to
handle actual responsibilities required by this organisation.

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How training and development of human resources in the aviation industry affect organisational performance
References
Albrecht, S. L., Bakker, A. B., Gruman, J. A., Macey, W. H., & Saks, A. M. (2015). Employee
engagement, human resource management practices and competitive advantage: An
integrated approach. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and
Performance, 2(1), 7-35. Retrieved September 6, 2018 from:
http://dro.deakin.edu.au/eserv/DU:30071114/albrecht-employeeengagement-post-
2015.pdf
Alfalla-Luque, R., Marin-Garcia, J. A., & Medina-Lopez, C. (2015). An analysis of the direct
and mediated effects of employee commitment and supply chain integration on
organisational performance. International Journal of Production Economics, 162(1),
242-257. Retrieved September 6, 2018 from:
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/03b0/9f75035903f94df7422b4922ee8c23e4550f.pdf
Bell, B. S., Tannenbaum, S. I., Ford, J. K., Noe, R. A., & Kraiger, K. (2017). 100 years of
training and development research: What we know and where we should go. Journal of
Applied Psychology, 102(3), 305-312. Retrieved September 6, 2018 from:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Raymond_Noe/publication/312957891_100_Years_
of_Training_and_Development_Research_What_We_Know_and_Where_We_Should_G
o/links/5936bf56aca272327c3070f7/100-Years-of-Training-and-Development-Research-
What-We-Know-and-Where-We-Should-Go.pdf
hbr.org (2018), Singapore Airlines’ Winning Strategy, Retrieved September 6, 2018 from:
https://hbr.org/2008/08/harvard-business-ideacast-107