A Detailed Report on Legislation and Ethics in Travel and Tourism

This report provides a comprehensive overview of the legal and ethical dimensions within the travel and tourism industry. It begins by explaining the legal and regulatory framework, including relevant acts and their implications for various transport modes (air, surface, and sea). The report then evaluates the significance of health, safety, and security legislation, emphasizing the responsibilities of both employers and employees in mitigating potential hazards. It analyzes equality legislation, focusing on direct and indirect discrimination, and explores contract and consumer protection laws concerning travel and tourism customers. Furthermore, the report delves into ethical dilemmas faced by corporations and assesses their corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities within the industry. The report highlights the importance of understanding legal frameworks and ethical considerations to ensure a safe, equitable, and responsible tourism sector. The report provides a detailed analysis of legislation with respect to equality, contract legislation, and consumer protection legislation.

Legislation and Ethics in Travel and Tourism

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1 ...........................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Explain the legal and regulatory framework of the travel and tourism sector. ....................3
1.2 Evaluate laws governing air, surface and sea transport within legal framework.................4
TASK 2 ...........................................................................................................................................5
2.1 Evaluate the implication of health and safety and security in travel and tourism................5
2.2 Analysing legislation with respect to equality. ....................................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
3.1 Explain contract legislation in relation to travel and tourism customers..............................7
3.2 Explain consumer protection legislation in relation to travel and tourism customers. ........8
TASK 4 ...........................................................................................................................................9
4.1 Identification and analysis of ethical dilemmas of a large corporation................................9
4.2 Analysis of CSR activities of the Corporation....................................................................10
CONCLUSION.............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
The world's largest commercial service sector is travel and tourism industry, there are
various kinds of the service industries which get so much benefits from this sector like
transportation, hotels, restaurants, shopping hubs, airlines etc., as per the view of world tourism,
it is the combination of various activities which involve traveling outside the native
environment. The main aim of this report is to lay focus upon the legislation and the ethics
which are involved within travel and tourism industries.
TASK 1
1.1 Explain the legal and regulatory framework of the travel and tourism sector.
Legislation and the travel industry are interlinked with one another in several ways, the
tourism sector is manipulated by number of parties like customers, suppliers and contractors etc.,
whenever interaction occurs with these, then in that case, the main role of the legislation comes
into light. For example: restaurants that offer food and beverages to the customers followed by
the legislation by providing services and the offerings of the good quality, good food, hospitality,
behaviour of the staff members and many more factors, the growth of travel and tourism industry
covers the following regions of tourism legislation.
Tourism Act, 1969
The main focus of this act lays emphasis upon the tourism organisations and the coordination
within them as mentioned by the “British Tourism Authority”.
Transport Act, 1980 and 1985
This act was introduced in order to monitor private and national bus transportation companies; it
also keeps an eye upon the routes followed by them.
Package Travel and Tour Regulation, 1992
The main force of this act is upon controlling and monitoring the responsibilities that are
involved with tour operators and their customers. This act was introduced in order to promote
and regulate the importance of the tourism industry in whole world.
As per the given scenario, it is very important for the clients to understand and have
information regarding their rights and laws so that they will be well aware about the protection
acts while dealing with the travel and tourism business people (Fennell, 2015). Legal framework
is the broad system which undertakes the rules and norms that are used to process the decision
making, laws and agreements etc., the growth and the development of the tourism sectors is

increasing very rapidly and it is becoming a large sector of economy. Several types of the legal
framework are established in order to regulate the activities of the tourism sector. Tourism and
laws are two interlinked and critical aspects of the industry; in laws, several issues are incurred
like protection of environment health and safety (Fennell, 2015). The tourism sector helps in
monitoring all the rules and norms that are used to protect the industry to provide safe and secure
visit to tourist. There are various types of the laws that dominate the travel and tourism industry:
 The consumer protection act from unfair system of trading 2008, which protects the
rights of the consumers from any kind of act of misleading and unfair practices of the
shopkeepers.
 The main aim of the health and safety act is to provide safety and security to the tourist
and visitors of the country.
1.2 Evaluate laws governing air, surface and sea transport within legal framework.
The transportation lying within legal and regulatory framework of air, surface and sea are:
surface law, sea law and air law.
Surface Law
This governance of this law is conducted by ''The International Carriage of Passenger by Road
Act, 1979”. It helps in protecting the rights of the passengers when they are on board, each and
every claim that is related to the physical damages and mental problems of the passengers are
undertaken by this law. The purpose of all these laws is regulating transport of goods and
passengers.
Sea Law
The safety and security of shipping is controlled by the contract law. In addition, the
environmental factors are also covered by this law; the sea-craft of at-least 12 passengers which
is related to the life guarding and fire safety equipment comes under “The International Convention
for the Safety of life at Sea. Passengers rights are coming under the regulation number 1177/2010, who are
going to travel through sea a ways d land.
Air Law
The Warsaw Convention of 1929, defines the norms of carriage and provides its documentation.
The death compensation of the passenger's and their protection claims against personal injury are
also comes under this.

Laws and regulations are very important aspect of any sector as they monitor and control
the working of each and every unit of the industry. These ensure the effective and efficient
working of the organisation. The travel and tourism industry is one of the major sources of the
economic growth of the country. According to the given scenario, there are many clients who
don’t have much information regarding their rights and the laws which are in context with travel
and tourism business. It is very important for the customers to be aware about all the acts and
norms while travelling from on country to another. This will help them in dealing with any kind
of causality that can take place (Buning, 2016).
TASK 2
2.1 Evaluate the implication of health and safety and security in travel and tourism.
The main aim of health and safety and security legislation is to focus upon the future
hazards that can occur in travel and tourism sector in order to minimise the changes of the
casualties and the accidents. The prime focus of this is to lay emphasis upon the safety and
security of the working environment, it is the duty and the responsibility of both employer and
the employee to identify the factors that are hazardous for the organisation in order to regulate
and monitor them. As per the given scenario, the holiday resorts are the destinations where
people from all over the world come and visit in order to spend their vacations and the holidays
with their family or friends, so it is very important for the hospitality sector to ensure the safety
and security of their visitors because it’s their duty and responsibility. The health and the safety
at work provides guidelines to the employees of the organisation so that they can work as per the
desired norms and regulations (Fennell, 2015). In order to ensure the proper working of the
employees there are certain provision which can be used by the organisations:
Guideline
The Guidance of Safety and Health is used to identify the whether people have knowledge
regarding the available legislations, these guidelines should also help the people in
understanding the legislations properly and it also provides the technical assistance to the
provisions.
Approved Code of Practices

It helps in various manner; implementing various actions in order to prevent the occurrence of
the accidents, immediate reports about the hazards- actual as well as artificial, and initiating the
training programs that helps in dealing with the hazards effectively.
Regulations
First-Aids, proper facilities of basic amenities, lightings and all the other aspect of the
organisation are important responsibility of the employer. It’s very important for the them to take
proper care of such basic factors. Prevention from fire and lightning’s, first aid kits and all the
basic measures which are need to be taken in order to ensure the safety and security in the
organisation. Such facilities are very important at holiday resorts and the destination in order to
deal with the any kind of the accident of unstable circumstance faced by the visitors. There
customers and visitors are their main responsibility so it is very essential that they keep on
checking and monitoring the measures which are used to deal with the situation of causality
(Dickinson, 2017).
2.2 Analysing legislation with respect to equality.
The Equality Act 2010 focus upon; how to treat citizens and employees will full respect
and equality without hammering honour and emotions of any individual of the society. There are
various types of act which are implemented in order to protect the rights and equality of the
individuals.
 Equal Pay Act,1970
 Race Relation Act,1976
 Employment Equality Regulation Act, 2003
 Equality Act 2006 etc.,
There are various kinds of the legislation has been introduced to cover the occurrence of
discrimination at any level of the country:
Direct Discrimination
It is the type of the discrimination where one individual or group of individual treats the others
unequally based upon the caste, culture, social background, economic status or religion.
Indirect Discrimination
It is the level of discrimination where people or group of people are depriving of any kind of the
benefits or facilities.
Perceptive Discrimination

It is the type of discrimination which takes place as per the perceptions made by the individuals
Disability and Harassment
It is the extreme level of discrimination and inequality that one can address. Such activities can
occur at workplace or outside the workplace at any level on the basis of caste, culture, race,
religion or gender.
Equality lay emphasis upon the fact that all the persons should be treated equally in the
society and there should be no discrimination at any level and on the basis on any factor. For
managing and recruiting the employees, it is very important for the managers and leaders of the
resort to lay emphasis upon the aspect of equality and discrimination, so that their decision not
get manipulated on the basis of such negative factors of the society. The hospitality industry is
interlinked with the travel and tourism industry, so in order to represent the logical
understanding the members of the resort should initiate proper measure and imply them into
their working so that they can function their business without any type of inequality and
discrimination (Fennell, 2015).
TASK 3
3.1 Explain contract legislation in relation to travel and tourism customers.
There is binding contract for each tourism company for customers regarding the service
and charges offered by the company. It involves all the important information about the tour
regarding the arrival time, departure time, destination details, stay charges etc., if the company
fails to provide committed resources and facilities to the customers than in that case customers
can end the contract as per their desires. They are the follows:
Offer
Two parties are involved in this the one who is offeror and the other one is offeree. The offer is
made by the offeror to the offeree, and then they accept it as per their desires and expectations. It
is the service statement which is ready to accept.
Acceptance
In this step offeree accept the terms and conditions regarding the contract, it is when the tour
packages of the holiday are being purchased by the customers after garbing all the details
regarding the tour from the travel agent.
Consideration

Only after some specific amount of the consideration the contract becomes valid and complete,
in the absence of an agreement, consideration is being used but it cannot be used in the court as
per the law.
Capacity
It is the capability of the unit to be associated with the legal contract. There should be valid age,
healthy mind to be capable as per the norms of the legislation.
Certainty
Both the parties involved in the contract should be clear regarding the terms and conditions of
the contract so that no confusion occurred between the parties involved in future. The contract of
the holiday should be made of following:
 Agreement within the parties
 Details of package
 Customer's preference
 Customer's regulations
 Terms and Conditions within the parties
 Details regarding the place where they want to stay
 Duration of stay
 Details about the destination
It is obvious whenever contract is made between the parties regarding the accommodations
and the stay then in that case conditions should be implemented as per the standards of
cleanliness under health and safety laws.
Legislation which implies terms in contracts between consumers and Travel and Tourism
Businesses
i) The Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977: The Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977 are covered by
consumers and Travel and Tourism Businesses. The consumers and Travel businesses are free to
enter clauses which they want to agree between themselves. Travel agencies commonly included
terms which permitted tour operators to force the additional charges if costs high but denied a
reduction if they fell, or terms which gave no cancellation rights after a holiday started where
there was a change to the tour arrangements. Such liabilities are regarded as Contract of Unfair
in UK.

ii) Sale of Goods Act 1979: As these legislation applies on goods and sales but this act also
applicable on tour packages, travel packages, holiday packages regulations. Now how can we
say this that this act contains the travel and tourism terms. In holiday or travel packages many
things are included such as accommodation, transport, discount in packages, pre booking and
many more. Travel agency are responsible to their customers for their services or remedies
available to them should mention regulation or breach of regulation in the contract. Customers
has provided these legal terms against tour operators for the better services.
iii) Supply of Goods and Services Act 1982: The Act Supply of Goods and Services states that
the consumer has to provide the goods or services at reasonable price within a reasonable period
of time. The services provided by the Tour and Travel business are satisfactory to consumers or
customers as described and fit for them. If is any harm or any other incident occur during the
tour then work in favor of customers, as the terms or law implied in your contract with your tour
operator as a matter of law.
iv) The Consumer Rights Act 2015: The Consumer Right Act became a law in 2015 and
replacing all the 3 acts- The Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977, Sale of Goods Act 1979, Supply
of Goods and Services Act 1982. Under this Act consumer can claim for any loses which they
suffered during the travel or tour services or any breach of contract. If the agency is failed to
fulfill the services which are legally entitled in the contract, then customer has the right to claim
against the company.
3.2 Explain consumer protection legislation in relation to travel and tourism customers.
The rights and the interest of the customers are being protected by the consumer’s
protection legislation so that this cannot be violated by the agents of travel and tourism and
owners of business. As per the Trade Descriptor Act of 1968, prohibits the wrong and
misleading information regarding prices of goods and services, accommodation and all the other
inter related services. Incorrect and inappropriate information about the services and the goods
provided by the sellers or shopkeepers is considered as a crime. Incorrect description about the
trade is regulated by The Consumer Protection Act 1987, in this the legal responsibility of the
manufacturer is to provide right and accurate information regarding the product and services
(Huang, 2016). It also restricts the unfair business practices along with the following aspects:

 Restriction on the supply of poor quality of goods and services
 Defining liability of the product
 Regulating legal authorities
 Illegal price indications restricted
Consumer Protection from Unfair trading regulation 2008 is another legislation that protects
consumer rights by the following controls:
 Authentic charges
 Right surcharge applicability
 Availability of the room prices
 Providing services while renting room
As per the, Package Travel Regulations of 1992 provide assurance regarding the fact that all the
miscommunication shall be corrected at the end of the before making the required arrangements.
Consumer protection legislation for Ireland, the package holiday is per-arranged holiday that
should have at least two of the following thing:
 Travel
 Accommodation
In this your package holiday should be per-arranged and consumer should be aware about
all the conditions of tour and travel. They much be aware about the price, must last for 24 hours
or should include an overnight stay. In this your holiday remains a “package holiday”. If, the
holiday is arranged by tour operator for individual this is not considered as package holidays.
Therefore, before booking a holiday package they should check whether Irish consumer
legislation covers package holidays applies tom it or not. Also, information provided in their
package should be fully true. They should not be any false or misleading information. Otherwise,
consumer can claim the incorrect information to tour operator.
TASK 4
4.1 Identification and analysis of ethical dilemmas of a large corporation.
The complexity behind the travel and tourism industry is that there are so many factors in
this industry which are still under process and thus it is difficult to regulate the sources of it.
Aspects like hospitality, management etc., depends upon the series of other factors which affect
the working of the industry. The main significance of the hospitality is that it concerns with
creating the valued relationship with the customers and the service users in order to gain the

various types of the information’s. Travel and tourism is very broad industry, so there are
various types of the factors that effects the working of this industry. It also important to provide
good services and the facilities at the best suitable price to the customers in order to gain their
attention and max out their satisfaction level.
There are various types of the social and ethical aspects that effects the working of the
travel and tourism industry. The category of the tourism customers is conducted on the basis of
their age as well as the economy they are going to spend upon this. The countries like
Bangladesh and etc., are economically unstable so because of this they provide various types of
benefits to their visitors like visa with less documentation and many other kind of facilities. As
per the current dilemmas the travel and tourism industry is highly manipulated by the bribery,
corruption, misleading information and various kinds of the other aspects that lay negative
impact upon the working of the industry. It has also been seen that there is huge number of
increase in the rate of child labour that are involved in travel and tourism industry who work as a
junior service provider and work as a assistance or helps, there work mainly revolves around,
cleaning, helping, dishwashing and etc., as the unemployment is increasing the poverty is also
increasing in the countries, the social security of the individuals are lacking in terms of various
kinds of the aspect which are manipulating the travel and tourism industry. Child labour, human
tracing are illegal aspects of the society (Forno, 2015).
4.2 Analysis of CSR activities of the Corporation.
Some social services that business organisations adopt work as the services towards the
community. This is what we generally call Corporate Social Responsibility, it is the measure that
is used to protect the environment and all the other activities that affects the business
environment. It involves the general activities like equal opportunities to all, practising
sustainable development strategies and all the other aspects that lay focus upon the various
means of the business environment. The travel and tourism industry revolves around there
customers so it is very important for them to lay focus upon desires and expectation of their core
and potential customers. The comfort and satisfaction of the tourists are the main responsibility
of the travel and tourism industry(Sigala,2017).
It is very growing sector and it provides various kinds of benefits to the other sector as
well. The business of the tourism industry based upon the level of satisfaction of the customers
and the visitors it helps in identifying whether they are satisfied with the provided services or

not. For fulfilling the needs of the society it is important and very essential for any business
organisation to engage there working as per the desired norms and condition given by the
authorised bodies in order to maintain the satisfaction level of the customers. CSR activities
provides basic guidelines for ensuring that organisations are conducting their work as per the
desired norms and regulations. As per the given scenario, there are the number of the issues
which are being faced by the large organisation while practising their business in external and
internal environmental sectors. CSR provides the basis upon which the whole working criteria of
the firm depends it act as an initiative which is used to regulate and govern the working of the
organisation so that they can work as per the desires and the expectation of the visitors without
hammering the rights of any individual of this society.
The main aim of health and safety and security legislation is to focus upon the future
hazards that can occur in travel and tourism sector in order to minimise the changes of the
casualties and the accidents. Laws and regulations are very important aspect of any sectors, as
they monitor and control the working of each and every unit of the industry. These ensure the
effective and efficient working of the organisation. Equality lay emphasis upon the fact that all
the persons should be treated equally in the society and there should be no discrimination at any
level and on the basis on any factor. Legislation and the travel industry are interlinked with one
another in several ways, the tourism sector is manipulated by number of parties like customers,
suppliers, and contractors etc., whenever interaction occurs with these, then in that case the main
role of the legislation comes into light. The complexity behind the travel and tourism industry is
that there are so many factors in this industry which are still under process and thus it is difficult
to regulate the sources of it. Aspects like hospitality, management etc., depends upon the series
of other factors which affect the working of the industry. The main significance of the hospitality
is that it concerns with creating the valued relationship with the customers and the service users
in order to gain the various types of the information’s. Travel and tourism is very broad industry,
so there are various types of the factors that effects the working of this industry. It also important
to provide good services and the facilities at the best suitable price to the customers in order to
gain their attention and max out their satisfaction level (Sigala, 2017).
CONCLUSION
From the above report it has been concluded that ethics, legislation and travel and
tourism industries are two interlinked sectors which highly manipulate the working of one

another. As per the given scenarios it has been also seen that there are number of factors that are
considered while practising business in travel and tourism industry. The customers are the core
assets of such sectors and it is very essential for them to keep them satisfied and work as per
their desires and expectations. The main aim of travel and tourism industry to work as per the
expectations and needs of the tourist so that they get motivated to visit again.

REFERENCES
Books and Journal
Buning, R. J., 2016. The role of travel conditions in cycling tourism: implications for destination
and event management. Journal of Sport & Tourism. 20(3-4). pp.175-193.
Dickinson, J. E., 2017. Implementing smartphone enabled collaborative travel: Routes to success
in the tourism domain. Journal of Transport Geography. 59. pp.100-110.
Fennell, D. A., 2015. Ethics in tourism. In Education for sustainability in tourism. (pp. 45-57).
Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
Forno, F., 2015. Sharing economy in travel and tourism: The case of home-swapping in
Italy. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism. 16(2). pp.202-220.
Huang, S., 2016. Laws and Regulations Shaping Outbound Tourism: The Case of China. In The
World Meets Asian Tourists. (pp. 21-38). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
Sigala, M., 2017. Collaborative commerce in tourism: implications for research and
industry. Current Issues in Tourism. 20(4). pp.346-355.