This report provides an overview of the travel and tourism sector, focusing on the historical development, structure, and key elements of the industry, with specific reference to TUI Group and its impact. It explores the evolution of the sector across different time periods, highlighting the role of technology and infrastructure development. The report also examines the factors affecting tourism demand and how companies like TUI have adapted their supply to meet these demands. Furthermore, it discusses the positive and negative impacts of tourism on economic, social, and environmental aspects, along with strategies to minimize the negative impacts and maximize the positive ones. The analysis incorporates elements like transportation, accommodation, information coordination, tour operations, and the influence of government policies, concluding with the implications of political changes on the travel and tourism sector in regions like the UK and Romania.