HWEL2002: Type 2 Diabetes Symptoms, Treatment, and Services

This report examines type 2 diabetes, a prevalent health issue characterized by the body's inability to effectively use insulin, leading to elevated blood glucose levels. It details the disease's burden, symptoms such as weight reduction, increased thirst, and vision problems, and standard treatment protocols including lifestyle management (diet and exercise) and medications like Metformin. The report also outlines Australian healthcare services available for diabetes management, such as bulk billing, pharmaceutical benefits, and patient resources, including a case study of a 57-year-old male with type 2 diabetes. The provided references include relevant books and journal articles to support the information presented.

HWEL2002 -
Understanding
Health

Contents
Symptoms...................................................................................................................................................3
Standard treatment Protocol....................................................................................................................4
Australian health care services.................................................................................................................5
Patient resources........................................................................................................................................5
REFRENCES..................................................................................................................................................7

Burden of Disease Data
For the life and functioning of the body it requires the energy, which produce in the body by the
breakdown of food substance into essential nutrient one of the essential component of nutrient is
glucose (Smith, mcnaughton and Meyer 2016). Which further goes under the process of energy
production inside the cells of the body. The hormone which permit the glucose to enter inside the
cell and give message to cell receptor for glucose acceptance is insulin. Type 2 diabetes is the
one of the most common and harmful health issue which develop in the individual body when
their pancreas stops producing infought insulin and cells receptor resist the message of insulin to
take glucose inside. Which increases the blood glucose accumulation and this can further cause
the another heath care issues. Disease burden is the effects of health care problems, measure by
the calculation mortality, morbidity and financial coast of health disease treatment and
productivity loss. In Australia it’s the one of the largest contributor of health care problem,
comes at 13 position for disease contributor. The Australian Burden of the Disease Study,
analyze the impact of diseases and risk factors on the population of Australian by gathering the
information of cases of disease and its results. According to their 2015 report, total burden of
Type 2 diabetes was 2.2%, as it was approx. 1.8% in 2003 and increased to 2.2 % in 2011. from
there to till 2015 was remained unchanged.

Symptoms
Type 2 diabetes symptoms are very mild, which is not seriously consider by individual and there
are the millions of people who are suffering from type 2 Diabetes but they are not aware about it.
There are some symptoms as follows (Dao, Spooner and Harris 2019).
body weight reduction- when cells are not able to get the glucose inside for energy production
then it started burning the body fat.
Increasing thrust- Individual with type to diabetes started facing the higher thrust problem.
Vision problem- Due to the increasing blood glucose level, flued move outside of the eye,
which causes the swelling of eye lenses and this causes the blurriness in vision.
The above mentioned symptoms are common but there are some more symptoms which can aid
to identify it more effectively.
healing of wounds problem- Due to the increased amount of blood sugar it moves slowly,
which created the difficulty in the distribution of nutrient and wound healing cells.
Numbness, fatigue- imbalance blood sugar causes the tiredness.

Hunger: This cause because of the glucose resistance towards the cells for energy production.
increased body sensitivity for infection: high sugar level of the blood causes the opportunity
for bacteria to grow quickly.
Higher body weight is the causes of Diabetes.
Standard treatment Protocol
There are two major treatment protocol for type 2 Diabetes, such as life style management and
medication.
Life style management
The selection of right life style with the good habits of exercise and healthy food can aid to
maintain blood glucose level (Straw, Spry, Yanawana 2019).
Healthy diet: For the balancing the blood sugar and reducing the chances of other diseases,
patient should go with the nutritious diet, with the balanced amount of carbohydrate, fate and
protein.
Exercises & workout: Body Workout aid to faster blood circulation and energy consumption. So
are muscles try to use blood glucose and exercises also help the insulin to work effectively.
The balanced diet and work out are the best options for diabetes management without
medication.
Medications
If life style changes wouldn’t work, then patient have to go with the medication for treatment and
glucose management. There are the multiple types of medication depending on the type of
problems.
Metformin: Is the primary medicine use to treat type 2 Diabetes.
Meglitinides: This aid the body to develop more insulin.
DPP-4 inhibitor: Aid to reduce blood glucose but it can cause joint pain.
SGLT2 inhibitor: Aid the kidney filtration of blood sugar.

Australian health care services
Australiana government and their health care organization have developed the multiple services
at discount and free amount. Such as test material, medicine, education, discount cards and
individual’s rights protocol.
Bulk billing community medical services: It comes under Medicare benefit schedule, which
helps the patient to get 60-70% off in their treatment.
Pharmaceutical Benefits scheme: It helps the peoples with subsidises medicines.
National Diabetes Services Scheme: This involves the multiple facilities like product subsidies
and health care education for peoples related to the diabetes (Lazzarini, van Netten, Fitridge
2018).
AUSDRISK tool: this is the developing technology which can aid to test the risk of Type 2
Diabetes.
Living Guidelines in Diabetes: This involves the guidance programs for peoples related to their
rights for health management and the planning to improve their medical conditions.
Multiple Diabetes research foundation: Research foundation are the key place which focus on
the survey and treatment methods development for Diabetes (Clarke, Sanatkar Baldwin 2019).
Patient resources
Patent Resources
Name
Age
Gender
Test results
Problem
Mr. Rezza
57-year-old
Male
Type 2 diabetes positive
Over weight

One of the reason of his health issues is, weight gain and he can mange it by the aid of healthy
life style and government health care services and hi is having health Medicare card which can
more helpful for him to manage his health.

REFRENCES
Books and journal’s
Smith, C., mcnaughton, D.A. and Meyer, S., 2016. Client perceptions of group education in the
management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in South Australia. Australian journal of primary
health, 22(4), pp.360-367.
Dao, J., Spooner, C., Lo, W. And Harris, M.F., 2019. Factors influencing self-management in
patients with type 2 diabetes in general practice: a qualitative study. Australian journal of
primary health, 25(2), pp.176-184.
Straw, S., Spry, E., Yanawana 2019. Understanding lived experiences of Aboriginal people with
type 2 diabetes living in remote Kimberley communities: diabetes, it don’t come and go, it
stays!. Australian Journal of Primary Health, 25(5), pp.486-494.
Lazzarini, P.A., van Netten, J.J., Fitridge 2018. Pathway to ending avoidable diabetes‐related
amputations in Australia. Medical Journal of Australia, 209(7), pp.288-290.
Clarke, J., Sanatkar, S., Baldwin 2019. A web-based cognitive behavior therapy intervention to
improve social and occupational functioning in adults with type 2 diabetes (The springboard
trial): Randomized controlled trial. Journal of medical Internet research, 21(5), p.e12246.