Arden University Dissertation Proposal: Type II Diabetes Risk Factors

This dissertation proposal outlines a comprehensive research study focused on the risk factors associated with Type II diabetes. The proposal details the aims and objectives of the study, which include identifying and examining the various factors contributing to the development and progression of the disease, as well as assessing their impact on an individual's health. The objectives encompass assessing general health conditions, identifying the prevalence of Type II diabetes, and evaluating associated risk factors across different populations. The research questions address general health parameters, diabetes prevalence, risk factors, and potential therapy strategies. The methodology includes a rationale for the study, data selection and collection using secondary sources, and recruitment strategies. The analytical process involves the application of quantitative methods to interpret the collected data. The proposal also includes a project timeline, data management plan, and anticipated outputs and publications, with the ultimate goal of contributing to the reduction of the adverse effects of Type II diabetes and promoting healthier lifestyles. References to relevant literature are provided to support the research.

Dissertation Proposal Form
Student Name
Student Number Course
Project title: Risk Factors
Attributed to Types-II
Diabetes (Proposal)
Start and end dates
of research:
Proposed activity – aims, objectives, research question(s), and state how it is novel
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Introduction
Type II diabetes is a long term disease and has various adverse effects on the health of an
individual suffering from it (Yang, Zhang and Liang, 2020). It is condition wherein the
body either does not produce insulin or gradually become insulin resistant. It enhances the
blood sugar levels which is not a good sign for the individual's body. The dissertation
details about the risk elements aligned and associated with the Type II diabetes and the
influence of the same on the health conditions of the individuals. The dissertation discusses
the aims and objectives of the study and the determines the various tools capitalised for data
collection. It also provides a brief about the tasks and activities accomplished by the
research on a monthly basis.
Background of the topic
Type II diabetes is considered to be a disease that exists for a lifetime and is very difficult to
overcome (Timaná and García, 2019). There are various risk elements incline with this
disease such as obesity, PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome), decrease in HDL, heart
diseases, depression, anxiety etc. An individual’s suffering from the same can reduce its
effects through consumption of medicines and by living a healthy lifestyle but it cannot be
permanently eliminated by the individuals. It is a very serious condition and the individual
suffering from it needs to take regular preventive measures such as taking a healthy diet,
exercise and workout, good sleep cycle, enough rest and meditation in order to live with this
disease and reduce its overall impact on the body and health of the same.
Aims
The major purpose or aim of conducting this research is to identify, examine and determine
the risk factors attributed to the Type II diabetes and the effects of the same on an
individual's health condition.
Objectives
The research objectives of the dissertation are listed below: -
 To assess general health condition and anthropological parameters.
 To identify prevalence of Type-II Diabetes this is increasing exponentially which
has been observed in developing Countries.
 Assess the risk factors associated with development of Type-II Diabetes affecting
almost all populations in both developed countries and developing countries with
high rates of diabetes-related morbidity and mortality.
 To bring forward therapy strategies and cost-effective intervention and efficient
therapy also preventive measures for the control of the Type-II diabetes.
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Research Questions
The research questions of the dissertation are listed below:
 What are the general health condition and anthropological parameters?
 What are the prevalence of Type-II Diabetes this is increasing exponentially which
has been observed in developing Countries?
 What are the risk factors associated with development of Type-II Diabetes affecting
almost all populations in both developed countries and developing countries with
high rates of diabetes-related morbidity and mortality?
 What are the therapy strategies and cost-effective intervention and efficient therapy
also preventive measures for the control of the Type-II diabetes?
Methodology – rationale, data selection and collection, recruitment, participant
demographics, analytical process
Rationale of the study
The research study was conducted in order to identify the potential hazards and dangers
associated with the Type II diabetes. The rationale of the research was to find out the risks
aligned with disease and the ways these risks affects the health of an individual (Alateeq,
2020). It also focuses on determining the role of preventive strategies and techniques which
provided assistance in the reduction of the adverse signs and symptoms of the disease.
Data Selection and Collection
In the proposed research study, selection and collection of data was extracted from
secondary sources in order to enhance the authenticity, reliability and specificity of the
concerned data or information. Different existing research conduct by researchers can be
considered as one of the most essential element of secondary data collection as they help the
researcher in simplifying the complex process of gathering large amount of information
from large set of participants. The researcher capitalised on different existing sources like
articles, online investigations, books and many more so as to collect specific and
appropriate information from the past researches and data in order to assist and facilitate
further research. Under this section, researcher will be using secondary sources of data
collection. In order to present data collection there will be use of books and journals which
are essential for meeting needs and performing task in appropriate way. this also helps in
collection information related to topic so that researcher can outcomes of Researcher.
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Recruitment
Recruitment can be characterized as one of the most essential elements of research as it
assists the researcher in determining and recruiting the participants for the study. In this
particular study, the researcher recruited the individual participants by developing a
research panel, asking for referrals and from general public (Woyessa, 2020). These
recruitment options are the most reliable sources through which an individual can capitalise
on the appropriate participants. Researcher opted for these available recruitments option as
they were the most suitable for the type of research being conducted by the same.
Analytical process
The analytical process of the particular research involves the application of quantitative
methods in order to analyse and interpret the data of the research study. Quantitate methods
has been opted by the researcher’s end as it helps in accumulation of informational data
faster and it also helps the research to increase the knowledge of researcher through detailed
information while conducting the research. This also facilitates in formation of better
finding and conclusion as they give an exact representation of result of the study. Hence,
according to the topic of the research study, quantitate method is the best suitable method
that can be applied in order to assist the analytical process of the given study (Salih, 2019).
References
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Olufemi, S.S., Ehinola, E.O. and Gbadamosi, O.F., 2019. Dietary Intake, Blood Glucose
Level and Nutritional Status of Type II Diabetes Patients Attending State Specialist
Hospital, Akure. Evaluation, p.4th.
Yang, J., Zhang, X. and Liang, W., 2020. A retrospective analysis of factors affecting
surgical site infection in orthopaedic patients. Journal of International Medical
Research, 48(4), p.0300060520907776.
Timaná, L.C.R. and García, J.F.C., 2019, November. Characterization of People with Type
II Diabetes Using Electrical Bioimpedance. In International Conference on Advanced
Engineering Theory and Applications (pp. 303-318). Springer, Cham.
Alateeq, F.A., 2020. Prevalence of Major Depression Among Types II Diabetes: A Cross-
Sectional Study In Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Majmaah Journal of Health Sciences, 8(1), pp.36-
44.
Woyessa, D.N., 2020. Magnitude of Diabetic Retinopathy in newly diagnosed type 2
diabetes patients in Menelik II Hospital, Addis Ababa. Ethiopian Medical Journal, 58(03).
Salih, M.A.H., 2019. Thyroid disorders among patients with type II Diabetes
Mellitus. Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research, pp.97-105.
Seo, J.H., 2020. Risk Factors. In Diseases of the Gallbladder (pp. 157-169). Springer,
Singapore.
Project management
Table: Project timeline and key outputs
Month Activity
1st Month Introduction
2nd Month Literature Review
3rd Month Research Methodology
4th Month Data analysis
5th Month Data Interpretation and Findings
6th Month Conclusion and Recommendation
Supervision Meetings
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Research Data Management Plan(Describe the data you expect to acquire or generate
during this research project, how you will manage, describe, analyse, and store the
data and what mechanisms you will use to share and preserve your data.)
Researcher wants extract, accumulate and incorporate relevant data associated with the risks
and uncertainties prevalent with the Type II diabetes and the preventive techniques that can
be utilised and optimized in order to reduce the signs and effects of the same. In order to
manage the data, the researcher can capitalise on storage of data on a regular basis in a safe
and secures software or portal which cannot be accessed by an unauthorised user (Seo,
2020). Analysis of the data can be done through application of tools and technical available
to the researcher such as systematic techniques and logical techniques. In order to preserve
and share the data, the researcher can effectively utilise online spreadsheets, google
documents and smart sheets so as to make the data available to other authorised user and to
preserve the data safely with the researcher as well.
Planned outputs/publications/research datasets/impact/dissemination
The planned outcomes of the research can be considered as reduction and minimisation of
the effects pertaining with the Type II diabetes among the patients of the disease. It can also
be expected that effective measures should be taken by the health care sector to develop
therapies, concepts and inventions that can help in the minimal adverse symptoms and
condition of the Type II diabetes in order to raise standardisation of health care services in
the world.
The datasets of the research should be able to exhibit and represent a clear picture in front of
the individuals about the issues pertaining with the Type II diabetes and the ways that the
issues and concerns related to the same can be reduced to minimum.
The respective research should have a good and influential impact on the individuals. The
research should be able to enhance the awareness of the Type II diabetes among the
individuals and the measures that can be incorporated by them in order to prevent
themselves from the disease. The research should be able to make relevant changes in the
mindsets of the individuals and motivate and provide encouragement to them to live a
healthy lifestyle in order to stay safe and protected from the Type II diabetes.
If successful, I undertake to carry out the
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research according to the University’s
Ethics code of Practice and will be required
to complete an Ethics checklist – see
relevant forms detailed under Primary
Research(Applicant’s signature required) ……………………………………………
…….
Date and signature of Supervisor approval
……………………………………………
…….
Date and signature of Employer approval
(required for Apprentices only) ……………………………………………
…….
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ETHICS REVIEW PROCESS STUDENT ETHICS REVIEW
PROCESS STAFF
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Research Ethics Application Form
All research conducted by Arden University students require ethical approval. The
application should be sent to your supervisor with your research proposal and any supporting
documentation such as a recruitment invitation letter or guide, recruitment flyer
(online/offline), participant information sheet, informed consent form, permission letter form
an organisation to use their premises, participant instruction guide, questionnaire, measures,
interview questions, debrief form, and any supporting or additional documentation that will
be provided to the participants, or those helping with the research such as gatekeepers and
assistants.
Secondary Research Only (Answer up to and including Question3)
Complete information up to and including Question 3 if you are conducting ONLY secondary
research and can answer YES to the following question:
This investigation will NOT involve the collection of data from human participants,
though it may collect data about individuals from published matter (e.g., previously
published interviews or behavioural data).
Once the application and research proposal are reviewed and approved by your Supervisor, it
will be sent to the Module Leader (ML)/Programme Team Leader(PTL) for final approval.
You cannot collect data until final approval has been provided by the ML/PTL.
Please complete the information below.
Please circle Yes or No to the following questions and where indicated please provide further
information
1. Are you required to use a professional code of ethics and conduct relevant to your
profession (e.g. British Psychological Society, Health Care Professions Council
National Health Service, Ministry of Defence, the Law Society)
YES/NO
Yes, we are required to use a professional code and ethical manners while conducting
the research as it helps to encourage the authenticity and credibility of the research study.
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2. If yes, have you read the relevant professional code of ethics and conducts?
Yes, I have read the reliable professional codes of ethical conduct.
3. Are you sourcing secondary data? (e.g. Information from web sites, journal articles,
archives)
YES/NO
(THIS IS THE END OF THE FORM TO BE COMPLETED IF YOU ARE
UNDERTAKING SECONDARY RESEARCH)
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(IF CONDUCTING PRIMARY RESEARCH, PLEASE COMPLETE THE REST OF
THE FORM
Primary research is used if your investigation involves the collection of data directly
from human participants, rather than depending on data collected from previously
completed research, and this can be in the form of a questionnaire, survey, interview
or experiments.
All forms for primary research MUST accompany this Ethics form, including
A full draft of the questionnaire, interview questions, survey or experiment
PLUS:
 Participant Information Sheet
 Participant Informed Consent Form
 Participant Debrief Sheet
 Evidence of organisational approval (where relevant)
 Recruitment poster/invitation letter or email
These forms can be found in the Dissertation Module on ilearn
A proviso is to be used if all of the correct paperwork has been submitted, and this includes a
questionnaire that addresses the research aims and objectives but which requires some minor
amendments such as phrasing of questions, typos, grammatical errors and so on. Therefore,
the form can be approved as long as the conditions of the proviso are met. Guarantee of the
changes being met can be authorised by the supervisor and this will save going through the
whole proposal/ethics approval process again. The supervisor MUST see the proviso changes
before the student uses the instrument.
4. Are you using an external research instrument or validated scale? (e.g.
survey/psychometric))
YES, I am capitalising on questionnaires in order compile necessary and particular
data from the participants.
5. Are you sourcing primary data involving participants (e.g. Surveys, interviews, focus
group, Internet forums)?
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NO, I am not sourcing from primary data.
6. Are you dealing with sensitive data (e.g. personal data, organisational data, those with
vulnerable groups)?
YES/NO
If yes, please outline how this data will be stored securely to ensure compliance with
GDPR (all data MUST be stored on the AU Onedrive, not on personal drives)
7. Are you sourcing secondary data? (e.g. Information from web sites, journal articles,
archives)
YES/NO
8. Does the study require DBS (Disclosure and Barring Service) checks?
**Please note that unless already working with this population, permission will not be
granted to students to data collect from this population)
YES/NO
If yes, please provide serial number, date obtained and expiry data
9. Does the study involve direct contact with:
**Please note that unless already working with this population, permission will not be
granted to students to data collect from this population)
Vulnerable adults (e.g. learning difficulties, dementia, living in residential care)
YES/NO
Those under the age of 18 YES/NO
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Adults in prison/remanded in custody/on bail
YES/NO
If yes, please outline the participant group
Data Security
10. Can you guarantee the full security and confidentiality of data collected?
YES/NO
If no, please outline reasons
**Please note that any electronic data should be stored on Arden University’s one drive
(therefore students must use their Arden email address for data collection, communication
etc.)
11. Please outline how you will ensure anonymity and confidentiality of data
I will ensure the anonymity and security of data by preserving the data with full
security and authenticity and be storing the same in my google drive so as to restrict the entry
of any unauthorised individual from procuring my data. Hence, I assure that the data will be
completely preserved and secured at my end.
12. Will you be responsible for destroying the data after the research is complete?
YES/NO
If yes at what date will the data be destroyed?
The data will be destroyed after 6 months of the submission of the project to the
concerned department of the university.
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If no, who will be responsible?
**Please note that data should be destroyed as soon as possible (when full data usage has
been completed) but no later than 3 years from data collection.
Informed Consent
13. Will all participants receive information as to why the research is being conducted
and what their participation will involve?
YES/NO
If no, please state reasons
14. Will all participants be asked to give informed consent before the study starts?
YES/NO
If no, please state reasons
15. Will all participants be told of the data being collected and how the data be used?
YES/NO
If no, please state reasons
16. Will all participants be told that they do not have to participate in the research?
YES/NO
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If no, please state reasons
17. Does the study involve deception?
YES/NO
If yes, please provide detail
Risk of Harm
18. Is there any risk that the research may lead to physical/psychological harm or
disclosure of criminal activities/convictions?
YES/NO
If yes, please outline and explain what you will do to reduce risks
19. Is there any significant risk that participants may disclose the harming of others or
harming of themselves?
YES/NO
If yes, please provide details and actions you will take
Participant Recruitment
20. Are you proposing to recruit participants who are students or staff or Arden
University?
YES/NO
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If yes, please provide details of any potential conflict of interest and how this will be
mitigated
21. Employees of organisations?
YES/NO
If yes, how will permission be gained from the organisation?
22. Students through educational institutions?
YES/NO
If yes, how will permission be gained from the institution?
23. Participants in residential care, social care, nursing homes
YES/NO
If yes, how will permission be gained from the organisation and individuals/carers?
The permission will be taken by offering them with a consent form wherein they will
disclose their consent of agreeing to be the participant of the research .
24. Adults in prison, in custody, on remand
YES/NO
If yes, how will permission be gained from the organisation and individuals?
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Online Research
25. Will any of your research involve online data collection?
YES/NO
(e.g. online surveys, Facebook, Linkedin. Twitter)
If yes, how will permission be obtained to collect data if necessary?
Data will be collected from the internet and other journals.
26. Will you be using a survey software (e.g. Gorilla or Microsoft Forms)?
YES/NO
If yes, please provide details
Microsoft forms will be utilised in order to conduct the research and accumulate the
necessary data from the participants.
Participant Payment
27. Are payments/incentives being offered to participants?
YES/NO
If yes, please provide details
28. Will you tell participants that payment/incentives do not affect participants right to
withdraw their data?
YES/NO
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