Identify Types of Contractual Work Tendered by Contractors - N5E04

This assignment explores the different types of contractual work tendered by contractors within the construction industry, focusing on building works, civil works, foundation works, fitting-out works, and special works. It defines each type, explaining their characteristics and providing examples. Building works encompass the construction, alteration, and renovation of structures. Civil works involve the design, development, and maintenance of infrastructure like roads and bridges. Foundation works focus on the below-ground elements of a structure. Fitting-out works address the interior completion of buildings. Special works include specialized tasks like waterproofing and electrical installations. The assignment highlights the significance of contractual agreements in construction projects and the tendering process used to award contracts to contractors, ensuring a clear understanding of project scope, responsibilities, and legal rights, using resources like the Construction Practice & Management notes.

Running Head: CONSTRUCTION PRACTICE AND MANAGEMENT 1
Identify the Type of Contractual Work Tendered by Contractors
Name
Institutional Affiliation

CONTRACTUAL WORK TENDERED BY CONTRACTORS 2
Introduction
The term 'contract' is a general legal contest when relating to any human activity. Within the
walls of construction, work information is the significant factor enough to allow the project to be
carried out through a contract. The need of agreement is thus to follow up on the parties to fulfill
their end of the bargain and overcome situations that may arise in the case a party is not willing
to accept the consequence of his actions. A procurement procedure is required anytime a lot
feeder seeks to have construction work carried out. Contractual work or project tendering is,
therefore, how bids are allowed from parties interested or the construction contractors to take up
the packages of construction work (Nunnally, 2007). It is a simple method to get construction
services. The principal factor behind contractual work tendering is to ensure that the tenders are
evaluated through a specific criterion and optimum competition is realized. Below are the types
of contractual works bid by contractors together with a summary explaining them.
Building Works
The building is best explained to be a structured placed or erected on a parcel of land. The word
'construct 'involves the construction, erection, rebuilding, and re-erection of a structure. It also
explains the repairs or alterations done on any structure or building, finally the placing and
relocation of the building. The term construct is coupled up with building works to bring about a
broader term. Individuals unfamiliar with the definition of building works are susceptible to
making mistakes on what needs a building permit and what does not. Building works, therefore,
is interpreted as the placement, erection, or execution of an incidental structure (Pierce, 2013).
Some of the works considered as building works include;
 The construction of a building
 The alteration or renovation of a building work that changes the structural soundness of
the structure adversely affects the use of the building and transforms the building
standards that impact the building
 Site works that are needed for building works
 Demolition of a structure or a building
 The assembly of a relocated building
 The extension of a controlled service that is connected to a building
 The underpinning of construction works, among others.
Building work is a contractual work, and one that can be tendered by contractors. It may be
carried out under the various types of contracts found in construction.
Civil Works
Civil works can be defined as construction works that are undertaken by main contractors at the
site of construction (March, 2017). Civil works is a branch within civil engineering that
comprises of the design, development and maintenance of the natural and built environment from
roads, railways, buildings, bridges, sewer systems, and tunnels. They are performed under
sheltered conditions such as rivers or waterways and at ports among other places. Examples of
civil construction works include the construction of the concrete barrage, the construction, and
demolition of large structures such as bridges, and the lifting and transportation of tunnel
elements. Civil works are related to more of the practical aspect of the project (Halpin, 2006).
Below are what is considered civil works;

CONTRACTUAL WORK TENDERED BY CONTRACTORS 3
 Flood control projects, dredge material placement area, waste maintenance facilities,
water supply, roads, bridges, piers, navigation channels desalination projects, and airport
runways.
 Projects that relate to the above mentioned and associated with construction or civil
engineering
 Civil engineering projects, and building of structures that are described by the above
paragraphs.
Foundation works
Foundation generally refers to a part of the structure that is below the plinth level of the soil,
meaning it is below the ground level. Whenever construction is about to start, the construction
workers have to assess and determine how they will build the foundation. It is whereby the
foundation works come into play. There are various processes involved in the foundation works;
 The excavation of earthwork
 Laying out concrete cement
 Setting a footing
 Reinforcement of footing, column shaft, and formwork
 Lying the column shaft work to plinth level
 Lying damp proof course on the walls
 Refilling of earth within the walls
Foundation engineering and practices apply the use of soil mechanics and rock mechanics. The
purpose of foundation works is to distribute the structure to weigh over the ground to avoid
overloading the soil underneath. To anchor the structure against both natural and unnatural forces
like a tornado. To prevent unequal settlement. To increase stability and prevent lateral movement
of the supporting element. Foundation works are contractual works that may be tendered by
contractors.
Fitting out works
Fitting out works or fit out works is used to explain the process involving making the interior of
a building suitable to the occupants. It is a common term used in office development where the
base construction is finished by the developer and the fitting out works done by either the
contracted designer of the building or the occupant. It is work done to the interior layout,
completing the building shell depending on the degree of completion of the building. Fitting out
works takes various forms;
 Shell and core: these are works that comprise the cladding, external works, base plants,
and completing of common areas (Halpin, 2006). These are the lobbies, the stairways, car
parking, toilets, basement and man more.
 Category A fit-out that comprises of the tenants owns space of completion by the
developer. It includes a suspended ceiling and blinds, raised floors and the interior
finishes of the building.
 Category B fit-out; entails the installation of offices, installation of reception, offices and
the final finishes plus branding.

CONTRACTUAL WORK TENDERED BY CONTRACTORS 4
Fit out contractors have usually tendered this job to supply the necessaries and fulfill the
requirements of the occupants. Thus, fitting out works is another example of contractual work,
bid by contractors.
Special Works
Civil works are classified according to the processing material or the structured constructed
(March, 2017). Special works, on the other hand, belong to the individual approach manner like
waterproofing, thermal insulation works on the building, electrical works on the building and
plumbing work.
In summary, the above contractual works may be tendered by contractors to undertake the
construction process. The tender is treated as an offer to do the designated work. Depending on
the language of the bid proposal, one can differentiate on which contractual work is needed and
the acceptance level.

CONTRACTUAL WORK TENDERED BY CONTRACTORS 5
References
SABS Standards Division. (2008). Construction works Part BE1.2nd ed. Pretoria: SABS
Standards Division.
Building Works. (2014). Bucks: NSR Management Ltd.
Nunnally, S. W. (2007). Construction methods and management. 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River,
N.J: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Pierce, D. R. (2013). Project scheduling and management for construction.
March, C. (2017). Construction management: Theory and practice. 2nd ed. Abingdon, Oxon:
Routledge.
Halpin, D. W. (2006). Construction management. 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.