U30223: Smart Kitchen Usability Formative Submission

This document presents a solution to the U30223 Usability Formative Submission, focusing on the design of a smart kitchen to aid forgetful users and the elderly. The assignment details the group's idea for a smart kitchen, which includes a smart fridge and smart coffee maker, and addresses the real-world problem of forgetfulness. The solution outlines the target hardware, including smartphones, laptops, and Raspberry Pi, and how these components interact. It identifies the target users, including elderly individuals, forgetful people, and those who lack time, and describes user personas. Furthermore, the document details the tasks users will perform using the smart kitchen application, such as adding items to a to-do list, scanning expiry dates, and controlling the smart fridge and coffee maker. The solution includes references to relevant studies and provides a comprehensive overview of the smart kitchen concept, its functionality, and its intended users.

U30223 Usability Formative Submission
For each of the titles below, please write your answers. Focus on the content not the
presentation: do not add additional titles, change the fonts, or mangle the formatting in any
way. Failure to follow the prescribed format may delay your mark, or result in your
work not being marked.
This document should not exceed 1800 words (this takes into account the words currently
being used by the headings themselves and the instructions. Don't delete them).
1. Group Information
Please provide the name of your group and the names and student ids of each member of
the group
Group Name: Technerds
Student ID: Up893324
Student ID: Up893573
Student ID: up897905
Student ID: up879591
Studies that we can use to re-write our idea with
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1533317506292499
https://patient.info/news-and-features/how-to-make-shopping-easier-for-those-with-dementia
2. Your idea
In no more than 300 words, explain your overall idea, with particular reference to the real-
world problem that you are trying to solve for users.
A solution is needed for people that are too forgetful or may not have the time to
check what’s in their fridge. A study has shown that forgetfulness is becoming part of daily
life. To fix that a few strategies may be implemented to help and those are, reducing
complexity, creating and maintaining routines and dealing with feelings of embarrassment
and shame (Imhof, 2006). As people are forgetting things everyday they also may forget
important things before leaving their house or after they even arrive. As people grow older,
the occasion of forgetting something happens more often than not. Specifically during the
age of 65 signs of Alzheimer's start to show (Bowman, 2017). During January 2016, a former
school teacher was diagnosed with alzheimer’s, and she has had issues going out by herself
and also problems buying milk or bread from a store. Even though she has found grocery
shopping to be difficult, she has said that it is her favourite thing to do. Not only her, but 80%
of people that have this disease have said that it’s their favourite part of the day (Davies,
2018). To help solve this problem of people being forgetful and to help elderly people that
have alzheimer’s, we have come up with an idea of a smart kitchen that helps remind people

of what to get and to make sure they don’t take anything expired. Not only that but this smart
kitchen will also help prepare a good morning coffee for the users.
3. Target hardware
Identify the types of hardware which your UI will run on, and show how they fit together.
You may find it helpful to include a diagram e.g. showing how any sensors in the home will
interact with the target hardware.
● Smart Phones
It have been seen that smart phones have been gaining acceptance in the regular
commencing of the working process. It have been seen that this excess dependence on the
smart phones have been ensuring that the UI running on the smart phones will be benefitting
the entire process. This section ensures that with the introduction of the smart phones, the
acceptance of the applications might be getting higher. It is considered that the smart
phones sometimes act as remotes that is used to control the smart fridge as well as the
smart coffee machine (Khan et al., 2019). It is seen that with the help of smart phones being
properly connected with internet, it gets easier for the system for proper system to perform a
better analysis of the management system. The portability of the system also makes it a
major choice for performing operational activities. This is one of the major aspect that is to
be considered in the process. Smart refrigerators can also be well controlled with the help of
the smart phones.
● Laptops and Tablets
Any equipment that has the access to internet and act as a bridge in between the human
and the computing system. The online platform that is required for operation of the smart
coffee machine. Laptop and tablets have been considered as similar in the operational
process. It can be stated that the assessment of the working process will be benefitting the
entire working process (Tonhäuser & Rudolph 2017). Laptops play an important role in the
smart refrigerator process.
Smart coffee maker
 Raspberry PI Zero W: Raspberry PI Zero W acts as a brain of the smarty coffee
machine. They have been analyzing the user input as well as the data from the
sensors and the controls (Lisdayanti & Anwar 2018). The Raspberry PI zero also
ensures the fact that the communication process is performed with the help of
android smartphone app. The sensors are powered by the raspberry PI Zero W and
hence this ensures that there are proper management of the data that are generated
by the sensors.
 Power Module: The power module ensures that the power that is required for
keeping the system on plays a role in performance of the smart coffee machine. In
case there is a fluctuation of the power consumption, the major aspect that is
considered in the process is that the power needs to be 1200V AC power (Ni 2017).
 Cup detector sensor: Cup detector sensor keeps a check on the location of the cup.
It is seen that in case the cup is not located in the proper location, there will not be
disposure of coffee. As it is smart coffee maker the main aspect that is considered in
the process needs to be performed in an automated manner.
 Water level sensor: It have been seen that there is a requirement of the water level
sensor. There are 2 major reasons of implementing the water level sensor in the

smart coffee machine. The first reason is that the water that is present in the coffee
system needs to be tracked. In case the water that is present in the coffee machine
the generation of coffee will not be performed in a proper manner. Again it have been
seen that in case there is excess water in the machine and overflowing occurs, the
hardware might be getting damaged and hence wise the water sensor acts important
(Lisdayanti & Anwar 2018). Another aspect that is to be considered in the process is
that the water that is disposed during the coffee making process is also considered.
A certain amount of water is to be disposed while making the coffee and hence wise
the water sensor acts as an important hardware in the system.
● Coffee Machine: A coffee machine will be required that will be allowing the
segmentation of the circuiting process. In this process selecting of the different drinks
that are to be made available in the system
● Router: Router plays as one of the major hardware one is to be performed. This
hardware ensures the fact that the internet connectivity with the other hardware
systems is established. This establishment of the internet connection ensures that
the working process have been efficient in nature. The router ensures that the
networking process establishment in between the different hardware systems.
●
The working process: It can be stated that there is a presence of a Raspberry pi Zero W that
will be acting as a brain of the entire system. This component is considered as the skeleton
of the entire system. Thus ensures the fact that the data management process is performed
by this hardware module itself (Nasution et al., 2018). It is seen that the data that are
generated by the sensors are assessed by the Raspberry pie. The data that are generated
are analyzed as well by the raspberry pie. Hence wise it starts with proper assessing of the
sensors data with help of GPIO. Hence wise the raspberry pie sends data to the android
smartphone app. The power module takes the 120V AC power and hence wise converts 5V
DC that is to be used by the Raspberry pie. Power adapter is considered for the processing
of the power management. The sensors that are required in the completion of the
operational process are namely the water sensor and the cup detector sensor. Both the
sensor gets their power supply from the raspberry pi (Derossi et al., 2018). The buttons of
the espresso machine are also controlled by the raspberry pie. This ensured the fact that the
management of the different types of drinks are properly assessed. In this process, the
circuitry of the espresso is made, proper drinks can be chosen in the process. The command
is passed by the Raspberry pie to generate coffee.
Figure 1: Smart coffee machine architecture

(Nasution et al., 2018)
Smart Refrigerator
The hardware that are required in the process are as follows: -
Camera module: This module will be ensuring that that there will be a proper assessment of
the edges of the fridge with the help of the lenses.
Load cell sensor: The weight of each of the product is decided in the process
Gas detection sensor: This sensor helps in proper analysis of the freshness of the products.
Application (Techachin) can be downloaded on any android or ios smartphone, tablets and
laptops.
4. Your users
Outline your target users here. Outline the broad user types that you have (e.g. if you have
an administrator and a standard user). Provide some user personas which describe your
envisaged users.
The applications target audiences are for several varieties of people but the main types of
users that we are trying to target are elderly people, users who are forgetful, users who do
not have the time to check what's in the fridge, users that cook, users that are techy and
users who like coffee. How are system will help an elderly person is by reducing the hassle
to remember what they have to buy on top of their mind and by having a to do list the elderly
person can make a note that she has ran out of certain item for example buy toilet paper,
milk ,etc and if that elderly person does weekly shopping she can then go back to that list
and see what she needs to buy and it reduces stress for them and also helps them avoid
doing double trips because they’ve forgotten to buy an item. Users who do not have the time
to check what's in the fridge can do so because the fridge will have cameras inside and
allow the user to check inside the fridge using the application on their smartphone device
while they are in a store and this helps them to not come home and check what's in the
fridge and make them do a double trip (Nasution et al., 2018).The key differences between
those different types of users are that you don’t necessarily have to be able to cook. Some
people that live alone and don’t know how to cook would use it for snacks or fast meals.
Users that do cook however will use it to check up the recipe and buy the ingredients
required for it while following steps if needed be.
5. Tasks
Give a broad overview of the tasks that your users will perform using your app. A formal task
analysis is not required at this stage, however all the functionality of your app should be
described. For each task, state which device the user will use to perform it.
● The user can use any smart device (smartphone, laptops and tablets) to download
the app.
● The user have to login using smartphone/tablets or laptops.
● The user will press a cog button on top of the app and click “kitchen setup” and press
which product that is needed to be connected, for example a fridge.

● Then the user will have to allow the app to proceed with notifications. Options for the
fridge are as follows, add record to the to do list,scan expiry date to get notification
on when it expires, change the colour and brightness on the smart screen on the
fridge and change the light colour inside the fridge.
● The smart fridge will have a weight set up to it on the shelves for example, the user
puts milk on the shelf the smart screen or the users phone will display how much milk
is left in the bottle.
● The machine will be added firstly by the user to the app to be able to customize
options.
● To be able to get coffee ready the user will have to buy one of the following, coffee
capsules, coffee beans or coffee powder.
● One of the ingredients needed will be inserted into the machine, there’ll be storage
for each one that is needed so the user can put in all the ingredients in the specific
one, so if using a capsule to make the coffee put it under the capsule.
● This will be setup through the app so the user will click on “I want coffee” and they
will choose what time they want the coffee to be ready, if they want to add sugar or
milk to it, how hot they want it to be.
HCI THEORY
The HCI theory that is considered in the process is Contemporary theory. As per the theory
that is considered in the process is that the HCI process uses the action research
methodology. This approach have been promoted. It is seen that performing proper
collaborative and democratic research is being performed in the section. The contemporary
theory ensures the fact that there will be a proper implementation of the theoretical lenses
and hence wise pragmatic guidance is also performed in a process. The goals that are to be
achieved with the help of cyclical methodology. These are performed in a manner that will be
ensuring that problem formulation will be done in a proper manner. Intervention design and
deployment of the same is performed in a major manner. Cognitive modelling is also
considered as one of the major model that can be benefitting the process as well.
Hierarchy of the app
The hierarchy of the application is very well maintained. The activities are properly divided
diversified in a proper manner. The 2 blocks that are considered in the section are the smart
fridge and smart coffee machine. In case the smart fridge option was selected, the main the
products that are present in the fridge are properly stated in the section. After this the data of
the products present in the fridge are provided. The other block that was present in the
smarty coffee machine. On selecting the coffee machine, selecting of the coffee type to
deliver is selected. Hence wise the timing section is considered in the process. Timing is set
and hence wise the coffee gets prepared.
Empirical re evaluation
The first process starts with the log in page. In the log in page, username is provided in a
manner that ensures that the log in details are considered. User name and password is also
accepted in the process. After the log in process the welcome message pops in. The
message that pops in is Welcome to the smart kitchen. After this the prototype shows the
kitchen setup section. In the selection of fridge or coffee machine is seen. After this section
the prototype that is considered in the section is that the fridge is the option that is selected.
After this process, the inner visuals of the fridge is provided. Even the variable category of
products that are present in the fridge is also stated. After this prototype, a menu bar pops
up. In the menu, inventory, smart list, recipes, reports and setting are shown. After this
process, the food that are stored are properly described. In this process, a certain item,
named Baby Spinach is considered. In this process, add to smart list is shown, log spinach
is yet another option that is provided. The weight of the spinach is also provided in the
section. In the next prototype, similar context of Chicken and milk is provided. In the next
prototype it is seen that the option that is to be chosen in between the fridge and coffee
machine is provided. On selecting the coffee machine section, a message pops up. The
message pops up to be your smart coffee machine. After this section, the prototype that is
considered provides option of Espresso, Vaccum, Cappuccino and Latte. These are the

options that are provided. In the very next type the coffee processing timing process is
considered. This section ensures that there will be a proper assessment of the timer setting
process. Opening valve option is also stated along with the time that will be required is also
embarked and options to regulate the timing is also provided in the section. After this a
blooming time is also provided, which is also changeable. After setting of the time, done is
the option that is selected. In the next prototype, it can be stated that the coffee is under
processing. After this the last prototype is seen. In the last prototype, it is seen that a
message pops up that says your coffee is ready.
Key finding
The key findings that have been made in the process are as follows: -
 Automation process is very high
 Data analysis is performed with the help of the raspberry pie
 Sensors play the most important role in the operational process.
Changes that can be brought in
The changes that can be brought in the process are as follows: -
 Cloud can be implemented for structured data storage
 Prediction based analysis can be made and choices can be estimated and options
can be provided hence wise to the user. This will be bettering the entire user
experience
Reflection
It can be stated that the process that have been considered and the prototypes that have
been developed ensures that there will be proper enhancement of the operational process.
This section ensures that there will be ensuring. I feel the preciseness of the entire
prototyping process have been stated. Another aspect that is to be considered in the
process is that the operational process have been very distinct in nature. This distinctness of
the operational process have been highly efficient as well.
Low Fidelity Prototype:
The low fidelity prototyping is an easy and quick way for translating high decision concepts
into a testable artifacts and tangible artifacts. The primary and important most role of low
fidelity prototype is to check as well as test the functionalities rather than the visualization.

Login:

Pressing COG button to go for kitchen set up:

Kitchen Setup:

Select product:

Fridge interface:

Menu options (Fridge):