Comprehensive Review of UK Environmental Laws and Regulatory Bodies

This report provides a comprehensive overview of the environmental landscape in the United Kingdom, focusing on the laws, regulations, and regulatory bodies that govern environmental protection. It begins with an introduction highlighting the environmental challenges faced by the UK, such as high population density and the resulting strain on natural resources. The report then details the evolution of environmental legislation, including the influence of EU directives and the adaptations made post-Brexit. It outlines key environmental laws, such as the Environment Act 2021, the Control of Pollution Act 1974, and various acts related to wildlife, climate change, and marine conservation. Furthermore, the report examines the roles and responsibilities of various regulatory bodies, including the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, the Joint Nature Conservation Committee, and the Marine Management Organisation, as well as enforcement bodies like the police and customs. The report also discusses the newly established Office for Environmental Protection and its function in overseeing environmental policy and enforcing laws. Finally, the report concludes by summarizing the main points and emphasizing the importance of these laws and bodies in addressing environmental challenges and promoting sustainable practices. The report is a valuable resource for understanding the UK's commitment to environmental stewardship.

ENVIORNMENT

Table of Contents
Introduction :........................................................................................................................................3
CODE OF CONDUCT FOR ENVIORNMENT:.................................................................................3
REGULATORY BODIES FOR PROTECTION OF ENVIORNMENT.............................................4
CONCLUSION:...................................................................................................................................4
REFERENCES.....................................................................................................................................5
CPD PLAN...........................................................................................................................................6

Introduction :
United kingdom has high population density and resultantly has higher demand for natural
resources which creates a plethora of challenges to natural ecosystem and environment such as
shrinking supply freshwater and its decline in quality ,restriction of forested area poses a great
dangers to wildlife that is dependent on such ecosystems for survival, and are thus put on
endangered list which is result of destroying of habitat and predators which weren't native to the
locality have been introduced. (Forchtner, 2019)marine biodiversity which has been severely
affected due to utilization of marine resources increasing of temperatures in sea resultantly has
decreased the quality of marine ecosystems.
CODE OF CONDUCT FOR ENVIORNMENT:
Various legislation were introduced in UK for the protection of environment in various
spheres majority of Environmental legislation in UK were derived from EU after Brexit was
enacted into Retained law of EU to ensure the smooth functioning of these laws after Brexit
amendments were made to existing UK laws. The trade and cooperation agreement was adopted in
lieu of environmental responsibility of UK and EU which are:
No reduction in degree of protection to environment or climate can be made.
Implementation of UN convention on climate change and Paris Accord. (Haque, and Ntim, 2018.)
The environment Act was enacted in 2021 which entails:
UK would need to set up plan for improvement of environment which reflects its long terms
goals and targets need to be set up for their achievement.
-It sets up a new office for protection of environment to renew the supervision function
previously performed by EU
-Reinforces the enactments related to air quality by giving extra powers In relation to
ensuring standards of air quality. (Aebischer, 2019)
Restriction place on enterprises which use agrarian good derived from cutting the forests
down. In UK the principle body tasked with development of policy regrading environment is the
department for Environment, Food and Rural affairs and the department for business energy and
strategy for industries tackles issues attendant to climate change.(Shaw, and Chadwick 2018.)
Laws related to pollution are control of pollution Act enacted in 1974 encompasses issues
related to ambient air, water and land pollution standards. The Environment protection Enactment
of of 1974 encompasses issues related to managing the waste and discharge of various pollutants
including air.
For wildlife protection wildlife and countryside enactment of 1981 was to protect wild bird
population the enactment of 2004 related with hunting prohibits using canines to hunt provided
certain conditions are met. for the purpose of conserving the environment countryside and right of
way enactment of 2000 gives people right to detour areas which aren't cultivated .
For the Climate change related factors climate change enactment of 2008 is aimed at
reducing the carbon dioxide in the UK further Planning and energy enactment of 2008 places
certain guidelines for efficient energy use. The energy enactment of 2013 requires the enterprises to
full fill certain conditions regarding efficient use of energy when it is sold to the customers thus
introducing targets of limiting carbon emission of energy companies.
Marines and coastal act 2009 has provision for setting up of marine organisation for
management related issues and entails coming up with conservation initiatives of marine
biodiversity.

The Water Act 2014 Was enacted for safeguard of supply of water which can be hampered
by natural occurrences such as excessive rains or droughts and introduced an scheme for insuring
those households which are at a higher risk of flooding.
REGULATORY BODIES FOR PROTECTION OF ENVIORNMENT
Joint nature conservation committee performs advisory functions for the government
regarding conserving the nature and conducts the analysis and research. Department for
environment food and rural affairs is tasked with development of various environment related
aspects sustainably.
The local authorities are endowed with powers when it comes to conserving nature for instance they
are responsible for managing and setting up of nature reserves. The marine management
organisation is responsible for issuance of licences and plans and makes rules regarding
conservation of marine biodiversity in waters surrounding England.(Shittu, Williams,. and Shaw,
2021)
For protection of wildlife there are various enforcement bodies such as police which has
investigative powers regarding crimes in which wildlife is concerned such as trading species which
are endangered and killing of those animals. The customs and revenue office is tasked with
enforcement of laws which pertain to illegal export and and import of critically endangered species.
Then there is United kingdom crime division for protection of national wildlife which gives
aid to variety of agencies to stop crimes related to wildlife aid can be in nature of crucial
intelligence, or analytic assistance .The Agency for environment can look after crimes against
wildlife or harm to habitats of wildlife. The forestry Commission is the wing tasked with protecting
and possibly expanding the areas of forests and woodlands the commission can investigate cases
which pertain to cutting down trees illegally in which case the commission can insist on planting of
the trees efforts it also prosecutes case related to timber which is illegally cut.(Tahir, A., 2020)
The latest organisation to have come into existence is office for protection of environment
which shall audit all policies of government to make sure that the environment is kept in
consideration very importantly it can run investigations and enforce the different laws related to
environment even when it includes suing the government and other authorities of government if it
find that necessary. Courts in turn can fine the government for lapses in its policy. The office will
also have a system for filing complaints against public authorities if they are in contravention to
environmental law (Hawke, 2018)
The office for protection of environment has all of the climate change laws within its
enforcing directive to act in place of European commission and to make sure that no contravention
by government takes place with regards to enactments for tackling climate change.(Haque, and
Ntim,, 2018)
CONCLUSION:
The preceding report examines what are the different challenges to various aspects of
environment such as land, coasts and biosphere in conjunction with the dangers posed to marine
ecosystem and wildlife after that it examines what different enactment have been passed by the
United kingdom parliament in lieu of European guidelines and how they are they going to operate
post Brexit and the supervisory regulatory body which has replaced the European commission.
Further an account of various regulatory and enforcement bodies responsible for different spheres
of environment is provided and their respective powers and duties are examined.

REFERENCES
Books and journal:
Aebischer, N.J., 2019. Fifty-year trends in UK hunting bags of birds and mammals, and calibrated
estimation of national bag size, using GWCT’s National Gamebag Census. European
Journal of Wildlife Research, 65(4), pp.1-13.
Forchtner, B., 2019. Climate change and the far right. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate
Change, 10(5), p.e604.
Haque, F. and Ntim, C.G., 2018. Environmental policy, sustainable development, governance
mechanisms and environmental performance. Business Strategy and the
Environment, 27(3), pp.415-435.
Haque, F. and Ntim, C.G., 2018. Environmental policy, sustainable development, governance
mechanisms and environmental performance. Business Strategy and the
Environment, 27(3), pp.415-435.
Hawke, N., 2018. Environmental policy: implementation and enforcement. Routledge.
Shaw, I. and Chadwick, J., 2018. Principles of environmental toxicology. CRC Press.
Shittu, O.S., Williams, I.D. and Shaw, P.J., 2021. Global E-waste management: Can WEEE make a
difference? A review of e-waste trends, legislation, contemporary issues and future
challenges. Waste Management, 120, pp.549-563.
Tahir, A., 2020. International Environmental Enforcement. IELR, 36, p.309.

CPD PLAN
Area of
Learning
Reflection of Learning Future
Implications
Action
Environmental
facets
impacting
business
decisions after
the United
Kingdom
leaving the EU
and the
resultant power
vacuum related
to oversight of
various
environmental
agencies
I have learnt that the UK has a
whole plethora of enactments
related to environment and they
were predominately derived from
the laws of EU. Further these laws
were meant to protect every
sphere of environmental concerns
like climate change, waste
material management, protection
of wildlife biodiversity and their
respective habitat so that both
flora and fauna can be protected
from increasing needs as a society
which needs to be balanced with
our need to grow sustainably, in
addition to to environmental laws
for the ground I have learnt about
various laws that exist to protect
the diversity of species underwater
which has suffered severely due to
trawling and overexploitation by
the fishing industry.
This knowledge shall
assist me when in future
I work for a company or
the public sector then
the impact of action
taken by the
organisation will need
to be in harmony with
the various laws related
to the environment and
contravention of those
laws will result in losses
to the organisation that I
work for in the future.
I shall make my
colleagues aware
of the various
enactments and
inform my
company about
the various
implication these
laws can have
and make
business plans
while being
compliant with
the codes related
to environment.
Powers of
environmental
agencies in
ensuring
compliance to
the codes of
environment.
I have learnt that prior to the
United Kingdom leaving the
European single Market the
European commission was the
body which used to have
supervisory functions over the
various authorities in the United
Kingdom after the united
Kingdom left the union for the
oversight of these various
authorities there has been a new
organisation set up by the
parliament which is called as
Office for the protection of
environment which performs
advisory functions for the
government when it comes to
legislation and their impact on the
environment further the office is
responsible for conduction of
independent investigations into
matters where there is
The information about
various agencies shall
assists me in future
when I work for a
business or start a
business of my own I
shall have have an
overview of all the
agencies which I have
to liaise with for
obtaining proper
licenses or for
conduction business
operations.
I shall make
complaints to the
office for
protection of
environment
whenever I see
ant harm being
done to the
environment by
the public
authorities ot the
various
businesses
enterprises.

contravention to various
environment laws and can take
the government to the court by
itself or when the complaint is
made to the office by a citizen. In
addition I have learnt that there
are various authorities set up to
protect the various aspect to
environment which have set up
various standards for
organisations which are
conducting business operation in
that sphere for the smooth
functioning of businesses as well
as caring for the environment.