This report, crafted for an Economics for Business course, delves into fundamental microeconomic principles, focusing on supply and demand dynamics. It meticulously examines the movement along and shifts in supply and demand curves, illustrating these concepts with real-world examples. The report then shifts its focus to market failures, specifically analyzing UK government interventions in the food supply and demand during 2020. It evaluates the effectiveness of these interventions, considering the context of contemporary economic changes from the 20th to the 21st century, and contrasts these with modern inequality theories. The report also explores the government's responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on the food supply chain, drawing conclusions on market resilience and the effectiveness of implemented policies. Furthermore, the report investigates the government's actions, the sector's responses, and the findings from the EFRA Committee to provide a comprehensive analysis of the economic landscape.