A Policy Proposal on Pollution: Strategies for the UK Environment

This policy proposal addresses the critical issue of pollution in the UK, focusing on air pollution as a major concern. It examines existing legislation and policies, outlines general principles like 'polluter pays' and the precautionary principle, and proposes specific instruments for implementation, including information campaigns, permits, payment schemes, taxes, and fines. The proposal emphasizes the need for a comprehensive framework to ensure environmental sustainability, drawing on environmental, scientific, and economic evidence. It also reviews strategies adopted by UK institutions, such as the University of Cambridge, to reduce carbon emissions and promote a cleaner environment. The proposal considers the balance between economic development and environmental protection, advocating for long-term benefits and sustainable practices. Desklib provides access to this and similar solved assignments to aid students in their studies.

Running head: POLICY PROPOSAL ON POLLUTION
Policy proposal on pollution
Name of the student
Name of the university
Author note

1POLICY PROPOSAL ON POLLUTION
To avoid the problem of pollution some policies has been formulated which acts as
the best guidance to the problem of the pollution. However there have been certain problems
regarding the policy, apart from it the aims and the instruments of the structure of the
implementation of the policy can be studied in this context. It includes the problem context,
the general principles which includes the polluter pays and the precautionary, the formulation
of specific instruments and the implementation of the structure and the budget like the
information campaign, the permits, the payment schemes tax, the fines and the person who
administers all these and the reason behind administering all these. In dealing with all these
certain environmental and scientific as well certain economic evidences has been taken into
account.
Introduction to pollution
Pollution can be defined as the introduction of the contaminants that are harmful for
the environment and for every human being. It has adverse effects on the entire environment
as well as on the different habitat of species. There are different species that are present in the
ecosystem. The pollution might cause harm to the different species of the ecosystem. The
agents of pollution vary as they are present in different forms. They are in the form of air;
they are sometimes present in the form of water, sometimes in the form of soil and sometimes
in the form of sound. Each form of pollution has own way of adverse effects on the
environment.
With the passage of time and with the increasing pace of industrialization and the
economic development it has to be mentioned there has been an increase in the level of
pollution. The environmental pollution has increased to a great level and it has grown to a
dangerous and harmful level. With the development in the industrial sector and the economic
sector the level of pollution has increased to a larger amount. It has posed threat to lives of

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the larger amount of people. The problem of pollution has grown to such a level that it has
caused serious harm to the people of different cities and nations. According to the researches
it has been found that nearly 9 million of people have been found dead because of pollution
(Powell, 2017).
However it can be mentioned that UK like any other country has been found to be
severely affected because of pollution. The essay concentrates on the way that has been
adopted in order to solve the problems related to the pollution and the existence of the same
in different forms in the need of the overall UK environment to address with a proper
framework and roadmap in place through which the implementation of the policies and
measures ensures the sustainability of the environment. It further aims towards the betterment
of the environment on a more efficient and much advanced level.
Pollution in the UK
The entire UK faces the threat of pollution. The results of pollution in UK are grave
and they are faced by every individual dwelling in the regions of UK. The most prevalent
form of pollution in UK is air pollution. It is the mostly existing form of pollution in the
entire region. According to the report that was published in the year 2015, it was revealed that
more than 50,000 people die because of air pollution in UK every year. It has been further
found that the number of deaths because of pollution is higher in UK compared to the other
developed countries like the France, Germany and Spain.
Air pollution was found to be the major cause of death in UK as found in the reports.
It has been pointed out by the Chief executive of the British lung foundation, Dr Penny
Woods that the consequences of air pollution was left unchecked and this was the main
reason of the increase of the air pollution to a larger extent and it was increasing globally.

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Apart from this the other exert named Simon Gillespie who is the chief executive of
the British Heart Foundation added that in UK the air quality is poor and it therefore affects
some of the most disadvantages and vulnerable members of different communities. These
members include people having cardiovascular conditions, people who are young as well as
elderly. Some effective steps have been taken by some organizations in spite of that the
awareness level of the air pollution has to be increased. It should be taken into account that
the apart from the publishing of different reports and other initiatives related to the
awareness, it is important to outline the fact that soon some strong and effective steps have
been taken by the different departments of the administration of a particular country in order
to ensure the way of controlling the effects and the adverse conditions that arise in the
environment due to air pollution (Mosley, 2009).
One of such initiative that is related to the eradication of the air pollution is the form
of England Air Management. It consists of the fact that while any local authority is able to
find an area where the required volume and percentages of different environmental
components are not being met, the authority has been given the power to declare that
particular area as an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA). The result of this can lead to
the produce of a local Air Quality Action Plan which can measure the improvement of the air
in that particular area. If it is not improved, the plan will work on the improvement of the
same. The organizations like the DEFRA have been found to play an important role in this
context. All such environmental authorities have been formulated in order to ensure the safety
and security of every species that is possible only by keeping them away from any kind of
pollution. The policies are framed in order to make way of eradicating pollution from the
environment and to make the air of the environment safe to inhale for all the species in the
environment.

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The other concern that is important is the fact that the formulation of the laws and the
policies by the government of UK is basically the outcome of the lesson that the country has
gained from the past. One of the major lessons includes the past incident that occurred in the
year 2014 and 2015. The overall environmental situation was not conductive for the people
who suffered from any kind of heart diseases or any kind of disorders.
Later the supreme court of UK urged the government of the country to formulate
certain strong and concrete policies through which the level of air pollution that has been
occurring and that is present in the city could be brought down to a lower level. This
formulation was the result of the event that occurred in the year 2014. In the immediate year
this decision was taken by the Supreme Court. This was responded by the government of UK
in the year 2017. The government decided to ban the sale of the new petrol and diesel motor
vehicles in the country by the year 2040. The government also took the decision of
announcing the incentives and special room for the companies who are looking forward
towards investing in the automotive sector of the country through and environmentally
friendly approach and objective.
The essay further includes the objective, policies and the strategies that have been
formulated by different institutions of the UK in order to look into the fact that the pollution
level might not increase or they might remain in the level that might not pose any harm or
threat to any species that are present in the ecosystem.
Approach towards environmental sustainability
There are multiple approaches and models that exist on the topic of environmental
sustainability and the different ways in which the problems can be tackled and they can be
rectified. This will ensure in the smooth running of the environment and the continued
economic progress. The policy should be formulated in such a way so that it can provide

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chance of long living and long lasting benefit of all the species. The sustainability of all the
species can be increased only by forming appropriate policies that can regulate the air
pollution. The short term benefit should not be thought of rather the long term benefit should
be taken into account.
The major debate and area of contention arises when there is a need of counterbalance
the commercial and the economic needs with respect to the environmental development. This
needs to be considered in case of long run. However while addressing this particular area,
there are certain perspectives which cannot be overlooked and it is necessary to consider
those issues. For the same purpose it is important to have a look at the language that has been
used by the World Commission on Environment Development (WCED). This particular idea
was formulated to define the term `sustainable development`. This is defined as the process
of meeting the present needs without compromising the ability of the future generation to
meet their own needs.
This approach has been put forward by WCED that emphasized firmly on the bottom-
up- notion. The model states that the idea of sustainable future can come into formation in the
requirements on the biophysical as well as social conditions that are fulfilled and that are met
to the expectations.
There is need for the above mentioned conditions to support with the nature of the
economic activity that is being carried out in order to confirm the flourishing of the humans.
It can be carried out from one generation to other. It focuses on the concept of meeting the
needs. It is different from the promoting the growth or working towards the satisfaction of the
choices of the customers. It acts as one of the major components of the process of
development (Lomborg, 2001).

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The natural and the other kinds of resources are exploited in a faster pace in the
present world. They are industrial sectors are consuming the energy resources in an
increasing pace. This is heading the entire world towards the loss of the global economy. It is
making the survival and the sustenance of the human beings difficult on earth. The increasing
use of the resources are making the resources limited and they are lives of the human beings
are therefore becoming less inevitable. It is because of this reason important to develop an
understanding of the ways in which a country like UK intends to address this issue through
which they develop their own vision towards the problem and form strategy and policy
related to the environmental pollution.
Strategy 2015-2020
There are few strategies that have been adopted in order to eliminate the above
mentioned. The major purpose of the strategy is to reduce the problem and to formulate ways
to control the reasons that are responsible for the growth of the problems. The strategy that
has been developed by different institutions and administrative units of the country include
the work that has been conducted by the universities and the educational institutions. The
educational institutions include the University of Cambridge. The different policies and
strategies related to the mission of having a clean environment and to have a clean country
are formulated. The first and foremost phase of the strategy includes the focus on energy and
carbon management.
Vision
The vision include the reduction of the scope of 1,2 ad 3 carbon emission while
ensuring the sustainable measures that are designed for the development as well as the
improvement of the environment that can be ensured at the same time.

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Target
The objective can be fulfilled by setting up the target for the same. The two major
targets need to be acquired in order to achieve the strategy that has been formulated. The
targets are:
 Firstly, initiative should be taken to reduce carbon emissions from energy by 34
percent by the year 2020 against a baseline of 2005.
 Secondly, efforts should be made to aspire an ambition that should have a long time
ambition in order to develop a carbon neutral approach from the use of the energy by
the year 2050.
Key performance Indicators (KPIs)
The key performing indicators are framed in order to achieve the desired
goals. The major components that will be used ad that will be included as KPIs include:
 The carbon emissions should be removed that is the result of the use of different
sources of production of energy that are produced in tones.
 The carbon emissions through the use of materials that are water-related and in case
of other water related substances.
 The carbon emissions should be reduced that are emitted from the use of energy per
total income which is calculated in the form of tones per pound.
 The carbon emissions are observed from the use of water per total income which is
calculated in the form of tones per pound.
 It includes the amount of percentage of energy that is generated from the onsite
renewable or the even sources that contain low carbon content which is measured and
which is expressed in the form of a percentage.

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Implementation mechanism
The major idea of the implementation plan and the mechanism includes the assurance
of the goals and the vision that have been included in the strategy. It includes the review of
the carbon management plan in the year 2015 in order to include a proper roadmap and
framework through which there is a chance for the reduction of the carbon emission. The
appropriate target and the chance achieve the desired goal and targets of having a pollution
free environment can be achieved through the application of the plan.
The other major implementation level mechanism that can be addressed as well as
incorporated in this strategy is to increase to the level of focus as well as attention towards
the implementation of the energy that is efficient and the development of the project that are
focused towards the reduction of the emission of the carbon within the future projects that
they develop, as well as with their existing ones. This can therefore be stated that a budget of
2 million pounds has already been approved by the Energy and Carbon Reduction Project
(Sneddon, 2006).
Apart from the above observations another consideration that can be added is the use
of the Electricity Incentivisation scheme. The financial incentive is provided to the financial
institutions with the help of this scheme. The financial scheme intends to provide awareness
as well as it intends the introduction of reforms that aims at helping the reduction of the
unnecessary use of the electricity.
The project has been found to initiate by the University of Cambridge and therefore, it
is important to point out that the implementation of the mechanism will include the
investigation of all the possible opportunity on a strategic level that will include the
utilization of the renewable resources of energy that are environmentally friendly and that
causes no harm to the environment.

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The further initiatives that have been taken at a massive level cannot be addressed
alone. The project has been designed at an enormous level therefore, it cannot function alone.
It has been formulated to change the entire landscape of a country. Therefore, it requires help
and guidance from the relevant people. In such case it is necessary to seek the input and the
guidance from the experts who are knowledgeable in such cases. This process can be applied
in order to solve the difficult processes in the hassle free manner (Baker and Ekins, 2004).
The information that is collected related to the issue should be shared with other
institutions that can be of great help. It is because the universities are an effective means of
sharing information and lending knowledge to the society. They will serve as a proper
roadmap and they will serve as a proper execution plan through which they are able to
conduct and supervise all the operations related to the project effectively.
Water management
The vision of the water management for the sustainability is based on the effective use
of water which ensures the efficient water management.
Targets
One of the most important targets that have been set for the water management is the
reduction of the consumption of the water and the optimization in the overall management by
20 percent against the baseline that was initially set for the year 200.
Key performance Indicators
Some of the essential key performing indicators that can be associated with the aims
and the objectives that are formed in order to achieve through the initiative of water
management include:

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 The total water consumption should be measured and the water should be stated in
meter cube.
 The total consumption of water on the individual basis should be measured and they
should be measured in the form of meter cube per FTP.
Implementation mechanism
The effectiveness of the policy can be determined through the process in which the
implementation has been conducted in an effective manner. The water consumption data
should be formulated though which the usage of water can be accessed in any particular area.
This would help in identifying the potential areas through which the conservation of the water
can be ensured and implemented in an effective manner.
There is a severe need of the promotion of the ways of using the water. It includes the
management of the water in an efficient way and this serves as an important role in ensuring
the proper use of water and program related to the promotion of the same (Karen, 2013).
The other major component of the implementation program is the plan to seek and
explore opportunities through which the installation of different water management measure
such as rain water harvesting and other sustainable urban drainage system can be
implemented in an effective manner. It is important to highlight the issues related to the
conservation of water as well as the protection that has been referred by the states as a serious
threat.
Conclusion
While concluding this can be stated that the world currently is facing with some
serious environmental issues and problems. It is the air pollution, water pollution, soil
pollution and sound pollution. This is creating harm to all the species of the environment. The

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key priority at this stage is to find proper and environmentally sustainable solution for the
problems. The implementation of the policies and the strategies must be immediately done in
order to save the large geographical area and the global atmosphere.