Obesity and Mental Health: A Public Health Study in Hounslow, UK

This report investigates the correlation between obesity and mental health within the UK, with a specific focus on Hounslow, London. It highlights the public health concerns, health inequalities, and various interventions aimed at managing obesity in the region. The report analyzes the impact of mental health challenges, emphasizing the roles of mental health nurses as educators and promoters in addressing obesity. It also critically evaluates the application of health promotion theories and models. The study highlights the interventions implemented such as population health management, community engagement, and strategies to promote healthy eating and physical activity, alongside NHS initiatives to provide healthier food options. The report concludes by underscoring the importance of addressing mental health repercussions to mitigate self-harm and emergency admissions, advocating for comprehensive support systems at individual and community levels. Desklib offers more resources for students.

PUBLIC HEALTH UK IN MENTAL
HEALTH: OBESITY

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
Impact of obesity in UK in mental health..............................................................................1
Public health concern in Hounslow London UK....................................................................1
Public health determinant and health inequalities associated with obesity in Hounslow
London,UK.............................................................................................................................2
An analysis of interventions to manage public health concern (Obesity)..............................3
Impact of mental health challenges in Hounslow UK............................................................4
Mental nurse’s health educator roles (Obesity)......................................................................5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Obesity is a disease in which involving accumulation of unwanted excessive amount of
body fat beneath the skin. It is not only cosmetic problem but also a very serious medical
problem, which increase the risk of other diseases and health related problem like, heart disease,
diabetes, cancer, hypertension and so on. It is calculating by the ratio of weight and square of
height of a person, which is known as body mass index(BMI) of that person. On the basis of
BMI obesity is divided into 3 class as, BMI of 30 to <35, BMI of 35 to <40 and BMI of 40 to <
45. class 3 obesity is also known as severe obesity (Brailean and et. al., 2020). Obesity is
basically occurring due to the absorption of excessive amount of calories in the form of food but
burn very few amount from that calories by less physical activity. In this report, the discussion
about the impact of obesity on mental health in UK. Major discussion is going to base on the
public health concern, health inequalities associated with Obesity, initiatives/interventions to
assess their impact on recognised mental health challenges, in the specific UK location
(Hounslow London UK). Also going to discuss about analysis of the mental nurse’s health
educator and health promoter roles within the inter-professional team in relation to the public
health concern (Obesity) along with a critical evaluation of the application of health promotion
theories/models within these roles (Faulkner and et. al., 2021).
MAIN BODY
Impact of obesity in UK in mental health
Obesity is the diseases which is associated with the accumulation of body fat and affects
the physical appearance of a person. According to modern scenario, peoples are more conscious
about their physical appearance so, it is found that in UK 55% peoples are facing the risk of
developing depression who were faced obesity. In UK people who were faced obesity is higher
the chances to face bipolar disorder, major depression, panic disorder or agoraphobia. It also
increases the chances of mood disorder, stress, emotional disorder. It is also noticed that people
who is suffering from these diseases, are lead to feel negative about himself (Flanagan and et. al.,
2021).
Public health concern in Hounslow London UK
The health profile of people in Hounslow London UK is not similar to the other places of
England. Higher the life expectancy of woman than the England average. Children about 13.8%
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lives in those families who have very lower income. Average line of men's is 5.1 years lower and
average life of women's is 5.7 years lower in most deprived areas of Hounslow than the least
deprived areas of Hounslow. In Hounslow, 24.3% children are classified as obese in 6 years,
which is worse than the average of England. According to report, in Hounslow there was
significant changing in the risk factors associated with the obesity, which is increased during the
period of 2017-2018. In 2020, UK government began the better health polices to reduce the
impact of obesities (Fond and et. al., 2021). In UK, tackling of obesity and diseases associated
with obesity's is the biggest challenge for government. Today, in UK two third people are live
with above the normal weight and out of these half of the people live with obesity. For
controlling the obesity in Hounslow London U.K, government release the policies like
empowering adults and children for living healthier life. Controlling the food consuming and
doing the sufficient physical activities. Include the legislation that all restaurant need to add the
calories value on food products. In UK, government spend more on the promotion of healthy diet
not for foods only. By the help these policies, government ensure that the specific health goals
related to obesity are met and promote the wellness. Due to obesity, $2 billion productivity
decreased in UK (Garrett and et. al., 2019).
Public health determinant and health inequalities associated with obesity in Hounslow
London,UK.
Health inequalities is known as the systemic differences in health which can be avoided
by the intervention of appropriate policies and deemed the effect of unfair and unjust. To take
effective action for devise the effect of inequalities first of all it is necessary to understand the
cause of that inequalities in health. According to long term NHS research obesity is playing an
important risk factor for type 2 diabetes, approx. 12 type of cancer, cardiovascular diseases and
premature death. There are several risk factor which causes the obesity like dietary factors as
nutrients, foods, and beverages, genetics factors, environmental exposer and less physical
activity, more screen time, short sleep duration and shift wise working habit. Dietary pattern and
diet quantity also play an important role for obesity like women who have habitual to western
pattern food habit like eat red processed meat, sweets, desert and so on gained more obesity then
others. In Hounslow London, UK childhood obesity in 2018 -2019 was 27% in most deprived are
and 18% in least deprived area. The gap of the result of obesity in children is regularly increasing
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in the most deprived area and least deprived area, which is increases from 8.9% in 2006-2007 to
18% in 2028-2019 (Haines, and Scheelbeek, 2020).
An analysis of interventions to manage public health concern (Obesity)
In 2019-2020 there were more than 1 million hospital admissions linked to obesity in
England. There has been an important increase in obesity in most underprivileged communities
in England in recent years, leading to a broadening gap between the most and least
underprivileged areas. There is a higher risk of those who are overweight to experience pathetic
health and life outcomes (Pierce and et. al., 2020).
 Taking a population health management approach is one such intercession; behavioural
perception investigation to inform future commissioning – talking and listening to their
communities; lessons learnt from COVID 19 to redesign helped a lot to link it to
psychological services (Baker 2020).
 By creating brand-new posts to aid business and school’s health offers; by distributing
new role to the team that assists healthy environment, intelligence and Geospatial health.
 By heavy and deep diving into Joint Strategic Needs Assessment. Addressing childhood
obesity is one of the top precedence of the Hounslow Joint Health and Well-being
strategy 2013-2016. Under the first plan of action, a range of innovative work was started
to support a healthy weight and they continue under the new strategy. A Hounslow
Obesity Task Force was later set up by the Hounslow Health and well-being Board to
convey together partners and help take forward the National Plan of Action on childhood
obesity. Work interpreted to date by a range of partners and backed up by the council has
included and continues to include:
 The council is fetching part in accomplishing and covering to promote healthy eating,
oral and physical health and early psychological feature development.
 Renovation of target play areas with community participation for new designs.
 New enhanced Health Visiting component added in 2018 which includes a healthy eating
focus (Robinson and et. al., 2021).
 One You Hounslow established in 2016, which provides healthy eating political
campaign which boost healthy eating advice for parents, and weight management
services for children and teenagers and promotion of local physical activity opportunities
for all ages.
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 Physical activity opportunities on housing estates in coaction with Brentford Football
Club Community Sports Trust.
 Targeted activity for physical activity opportunities for children.
 Physical eating and healthy eating promotion can also intervene the risk.
 Healthy walking curriculum in parks across the borough, stipulation of outdoor gyms and
a range of free park based exercise programmes for all ages.
 Inputting into the Local Plan reviews to request that the new plan aids good health
including healthy weight (Solmi and et. al., 2018).
 Council, commissioned services, NHS hospitals and centres, leisure time and other
partners to lead by an example in stipulation of healthy and clearly tagged food on
premise with food provision (reduce provision of foo with low vitamins/fibre/protein etc.)
 Considering opening up schools and school holiday community use of play and sports.
 Looking at opportunities within existing resources to support women stay active during
the antenatal period.
 The NHS will continue to take action on healthy NHS premises. In 2016, NHS England
acquainted a financial incentive for hospitals to promote healthier food options to be
available for staff, confining the proportion, placement and promotion of foods high in
fat, salt and sugar (HFSS).
Impact of mental health challenges in Hounslow UK
Approximately 1 in 4 people in the will experience a mental health problem each year. In
England, 1 in 6 people report experiencing a common mental health problem (such as anxiety
and depression) in any given week. People's psychical health can change as circumstances
change. These changes to our mental health can strike us all in different ways, for example some
people might feel low in mood or feel emphatic one day at work, but these emotions are
maintained on an impermanent or temporary basis. Once work has finished, these feelings step
by step pass and the next day after their emotional wellbeing in work might be entirely the
opposite. For others these feelings can be very hard to ignore, and they battle with being able to
modulate their feeling and this can lead to people needing to seek medical help from specialists.
Mental health can affect anyone, at any time, in different ways in their lives. When a family
member has a mental illness, it can affect everyone. Some types of illness can cause ample
changes in the family's schedule, activities and finances. Different people in a family will react
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differently to these changes. Mental health has also an important impact on repercussion to
external stressors. Supporting mental health repercussion on an individual and community level
may assist to reduce the high levels of self-harm emergency admissions to hospitals for both
adults and young people aged between 10-24, which are importantly higher than London
(Vallgårda, 2018).
Mental nurse’s health educator roles (Obesity)
Nurses act as role exemplary by educating patients and families on nutrition, the health
care system, and obesity- related sickness. NP can act as personalized supervisor by helping
patient determine their health goals and create plans to achieve them. Nurses act as role models
by educating patients and families on nutrition, the health care system, and corpulence or obesity
related illness. NP cat as personalized supervisor by helping patients identify their health goals
and develop their plans to achieve them (Westwood and et. al., 2020). A healthy diet is a key
component to reducing weight and overall health. Nurses can work closely to help people to
provide education on their healthier choices that help patients feel they have options for nutrition.
They are also able to work with individuals on the health challenges they face, which may be
different for everyone. All forms of exercise compliment a healthy diet in maintaining a weight
that minimizes adverse outcomes. The CDC recommends regular physical activity of most days
of the week. The most important characteristic of any physical exercise plan to maintain a
healthy weight is that it is done consistently. Nurses can furnish support to help a patient identity
a safe and effective activity plan that they will stick with. These personal interactions and
individual care can be even more beneficial as family and communities get involved. Helping
teach one patient some healthy selections can in turn help an entire family. Nurses also know the
risks that base from obesity, and can educate how turn into diabetes, heart disease, and even
cancer, they are better able to see benefits of making better and healthier choices (Wang and et.
al., 2020).
CONCLUSION
From the above discussion it is concluded that obesity is a one of the chronic diseases
being faced by 58% to 65% population of Hounslow, London UK. People living with obesity are
suffering from a numbers of mental disorders. Usually lack of exercise and eating excessive
amount of calories gives rise to obesity. Different polices regarding obesity in have been also
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discussed above. Health inequalities and public health determinant with obesity in Hounslow has
been enlisted. In addition, the discussion as also carry different aspect of interventional approach
that is helpful in order to reduce the rising issues of obesity and their impact on mental health.
The discussion also follows an appropriate evaluation and analysis of intervention or ways that is
functional for the minimisation of health issue.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
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Faulkner, J., O’Brien, W.J., McGrane, B., Wadsworth, D., Batten, J., Askew, C.D., Badenhorst,
C., Byrd, E., Coulter, M., Draper, N. and Elliot, C., 2021. Physical activity, mental health
and well-being of adults during initial COVID-19 containment strategies: A multi-
country cross-sectional analysis. Journal of science and medicine in sport, 24(4), pp.320-
326.
Flanagan, E.W., Beyl, R.A., Fearnbach, S.N., Altazan, A.D., Martin, C.K. and Redman, L.M.,
2021. The impact of COVID‐19 stay‐at‐home orders on health behaviors in
adults. Obesity, 29(2), pp.438-445.
Fond, G., Nemani, K., Etchecopar-Etchart, D., Loundou, A., Goff, D.C., Lee, S.W., Lancon, C.,
Auquier, P., Baumstarck, K., Llorca, P.M. and Yon, D.K., 2021. Association between
mental health disorders and mortality among patients with COVID-19 in 7 countries: a
systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA psychiatry, 78(11), pp.1208-1217.
Garrett, J.K., Clitherow, T.J., White, M.P., Wheeler, B.W. and Fleming, L.E., 2019. Coastal
proximity and mental health among urban adults in England: The moderating effect of
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Haines, A. and Scheelbeek, P., 2020. European Green Deal: a major opportunity for health
improvement. The Lancet, 395(10233), pp.1327-1329.
Pierce, M., Hope, H.F., Kolade, A., Gellatly, J., Osam, C.S., Perchard, R., Kosidou, K., Dalman,
C., Morgan, V., Di Prinzio, P. and Abel, K.M., 2020. Effects of parental mental illness on
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Psychiatry, 217(1), pp.354-363.
Robinson, E., Boyland, E., Chisholm, A., Harrold, J., Maloney, N.G., Marty, L., Mead, B.R.,
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Solmi, M., Köhler, C.A., Stubbs, B., Koyanagi, A., Bortolato, B., Monaco, F., Vancampfort, D.,
Machado, M.O., Maes, M., Tzoulaki, I. and Firth, J., 2018. Environmental risk factors
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Vallgårda, S., 2018. Childhood obesity policies–mighty concerns, meek reactions. Obesity
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Wang, Y., Min, J., Khuri, J., Xue, H., Xie, B., Kaminsky, L.A. and Cheskin, L.J., 2020.
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management: systematic review of systematic reviews. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 8(4),
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Westwood, S., Willis, P., Fish, J., Hafford-Letchfield, T., Semlyen, J., King, A., Beach, B.,
Almack, K., Kneale, D., Toze, M. and Becares, L., 2020. Older LGBT+ health
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