Visitor Attraction Management: Tourism Impact & Strategies in UK

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This report explores visitor attraction management, focusing on different types of attractions, their importance, and the overlap between them. It evaluates the needs and motivations of various visitor types, analyzes the impacts of tourism on visitor attractions in the UK, and examines the effect of different tourist motivation theories on management practices. The report also discusses the processes and potential issues in developing visitor attractions, using The London Resort as an example. Furthermore, it analyzes different visitor management strategies and evaluates management techniques in relation to sustainability, drawing on case studies to illustrate key points. Desklib provides solved assignments and past papers for students.
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UNIT 20 VISITOR ATTRACTION
MANAGEMENT

1
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION
.............................................................................................................. 3
TASK 1- ARTICLE
...........................................................................................................4
1.1 DIFFERENT TYPES OF VISITOR ATTRACTIONS AND THEIR OVERLAP
.........4
1.2 IMPORTANCE OF DIFFERENT VISITOR ATTRACTIONS
...................................6
TASK 2- MANAGEMENT REPORT
.................................................................................7
2.1 EVALUATE THE NEEDS AND MOTIVATIONS OF DIFFERENT VISITOR TYPES

.....................................................................................................................................
7
2.2 EVALUATE IMPACTS OF TOURISM ON VISITOR ATTRACTIONS IN THE

UNITED KINGDOM
......................................................................................................9
2.3 ANALYSE THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT THEORIES OF TOURIST

MOTIVATION ON THE MANAGEMENT OF VISITOR ATTRACTIONS
....................11
TASK 3
...........................................................................................................................13
3.1 DISCUSS THE PROCESSES AND THE POTENTIAL ISSUES INVOLVED IN

THE DEVELOPMENT OF VISITOR ATTRACTIONS
.................................................13
TASK 4- MANAGEMENT REPORT
...............................................................................15
4.1 ANALYSE DIFFERENT VISITOR MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES
......................15
4.2 EVALUATE MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES IN RELATION TO SUSTAINABILITY

...................................................................................................................................
17
CONCLUSION
............................................................................................................... 18
REFERENCES
............................................................................................................... 19
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INTRODUCTION
In this assignment, the visitor's attractions importance and scope will be
determined that
are built for various purposes and helps in attracting new business to a visitor

destination of a country. Different types of the visitors with their impacts will also be

undertaken in this report that will be understood by categorising the visitors on the basis

of the market segmentation and visitor needs. There also persist some motivation

theories of tourists such as responsible tourism and the smart consumer theory which

will also be discussed creating an impact on the motivation of the tourists. Further, in

the assignment, the issues and the process of the visitor attraction management will

also be understood which will be faced during the development process of The London

Resort in Swanscombe Peninsula in 2030. At last, a management report will be

formulated considering the examples of three case studies which will be presented by

analysing the different visitor management strategies and the management techniques

which will ensure sustainability.

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TASK 1- ARTICLE
As a Junior Consultant for Visit Britain

that has a role of building England’s

tourism product and adding the value to

the exports of tourism in the Britain’s

economy this article will deal with the

visits to the British Museum, Greenwich

Park, The Queen's House and the

National Maritime Museum that will help

to discuss the overlap of these visitor

attractions and will help in unveiling the

importance of these attractions

(Vanhove, 2017).

1.1 DIFFERENT TYPES OF VISITOR

ATTRACTIONS AND THEIR

OVERLAP

TYPES OF THE VISITOR

ATTRACTIONS:

The main scope of the visitor attractions

includes the purpose with which they

are built and become a tourist attraction.

There are some major types of the

visitor attractions which includes the

following:

Natural attractions

Natural attractions are those that are

created and made naturally by the

environment and the nature that

becomes a valuable addition to an

economy and heritage of a country.

These attractions become attractive for

the visitors and local residents and thus

become a source of revenue within no

time. For example, Lake Windermere,

Lake District, seashores, caves and

Pembroke Shire Coast come under the

natural attractions of the UK (Vanhove,

2017).

Purpose attractions

The purpose build attractions are those

that are made and built for the sole

purpose of attracting the visitors is so

that the economy of the country can be

boosted and more visitor scan be

attracted to that destination. For

example, Eden Project, London Eye and

so on is the purpose builds attractions

that are prepared by the government so

as to render fun and leisure to the

tourists (Wang, et al. 2016).

Events

In order to attract the visitors, the events

are also utilized by a country so that the

large visitors are attracted for the

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entertainment and leisure purpose. The
events and festivals thus create a base

to attract the visitors and thus add to the

economy. For example, the Olympic

Games, Glastonbury and so on are

those events and festivals that become

attractions for visitors (Zainul, et al.

2015).

Heritage attractions

These are those natural attractions

which form a source of the heritage and

culture of the visitors which attracts

them for the same. Like there are some

past culture and values of the visitors

that attracts the visitors towards these

places such as canals and battlefields.

These are the places and the attractions

that are appreciated due to the culture

and the history of the heritage attached

to them. For example, York Minister,

Goon Hilly Downs and so on (Wang, et

al. 2016)

OVERLAP OF THE VISITOR

ATTRACTIONS

THE BRITISH MUSEUM

It is the man-made attraction which is

purposefully built to attract the visitors

towards the historic work and art pieces.

This also keeps intact the human culture

and collections of scientist and

physicians which shares an overlap in

this way.

THE NATIONAL MARITIME MUSEUM

This museum is located in the

Greenwich which is one of the largest

museums in the world. It renders an

insight into the cultural, political and

social history of different cultures and

through exhibitions and events held by it

(Zainul, et al. 2015).

GREENWICH PARK

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It is a park located in London and is a
part of the Greenwich World Heritage

Site that renders views of the River

Thames, the City of London and Royal

Hospital (Mason, 2015).

THE QUEEN’S HOUSE

It is the royal residence and is one of the

important buildings that have British

architectural history in the county and

has been scheduled as the ancient

monument. It has a range of the

maritime paintings and portrait. These

collections are displayed and act as VIP

centre during the Olympics games held

at London (Moutinho, 2014).

1.2 IMPORTANCE OF DIFFERENT

VISITOR ATTRACTIONS

There is the underlying importance of

the different visitor attractions which

render its contribution towards the

economy of the country by attracting

many visitors. The visitor attractions

such as the British Museum, the

National Maritime Museum and

Queens’s house and many more render

much importance which is as under:

The country gains much popularity due

to these visitor attractions and thus

contributes much to the tourism industry

by attracting visitors (Mowforth and

Munt, 2015).

These attractions help in hiking the

standards of the local community and

their quality of life which boosts the

interaction of the visitors and the local

community.

These visitor attractions help in adding

value to the country in the form of the

revenues that it injects in the economy

of the country.

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These attractions also render many
employment opportunities to its local

community which helps in boosting the

standard of the local community as well

and enhance the lifestyles (Mason,

2015).

TASK 2- MANAGEMENT REPORT

As a Junior Tourism consultant with the Visit Britain on the basis of the visits and

observations at the National Maritime Museum, The Queen’s House, The British

Museum and the Greenwich Park the different needs and motivation of visitors and the

impacts of tourism on these attractions are underpinned. The different tourist motivation

theories are also analysed with their effects.

2.1 EVALUATE THE NEEDS AND MOTIVATIONS OF DIFFERENT VISITOR TYPES

There are different visitors which can be classified on the basis of the demographic,

psychographic and the geographic factors. On another hand, there also persist some

visitors which can be classified on their needs bases such as their interests and the

characteristics and profiles (Page, 2014).

The needs and the motivations of the different types of the visitors are as under:

Business tourists

These visitors have the business needs and the business goals motivate them to travel

and visit different places in order to attend a conference, meeting and the seminars

(Connell, et al. 2015).

Leisure tourists

These visitors are those that visit different places for recreation activities and for leisure

purpose. The motives are manly for comfort and enjoying a break from their daily life

(Page, 2014).

Health tourists

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These are the individuals that have the motive to get treatment and special care from
different places away from home so as to get fit and healthy (Yousaf, et al. 2017).

Youth tourists

These tourists are those that have a budget predetermined to travel and move out with

the group of young people and friends to enjoy their vacations (Leask, 2016).

Education tourists

These are those tourists that move out to different places to gain knowledge and

education and visit different cities so that they can enhance their education

qualifications (Connell, et al. 2015).

Religious tourists

The religious tourists are those that have the religious needs to travel such that they

visit their pilgrimages and the religious destinations which have a historic and religious

significance in themselves (Horner and Swarbrooke, 2016).

On the basis of the market segmentation these tourists can again be categorized

on the basis of their needs and motivations:

Demographics

Like there are children that love to visit the theme parks and events, the middle age

people are motivated to visit the museums and the parks and the old age people on

other hand visit the religious places and temples that motivate them to travel across

(Prayag and Del Chiappa, 2016).

Geographical

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On the basis of the geographic differences, the location, cultures and the behaviour of
the tourists also differs so as their motivation also varied to travel (Horner and

Swarbrooke, 2016).

Behavioural

This is another basis where the interests such as fishing nature, food and dining

motivate the visitors to travel to specific places (Leask, 2016).

2.2 EVALUATE IMPACTS OF TOURISM ON VISITOR ATTRACTIONS IN THE

UNITED KINGDOM

The tourism impacts on the visitor's attractions may be positive and negative which will

be discussed by categorizing the impacts under the economic, environmental and

socio-cultural impacts. The tourism in the UK creates several impacts on the visitor

attractions that are discussed as under:

Socio-cultural impacts

Positive

The tourism creates positive impacts in terms of the protection rendered to the cultural

heritage of the country which allows the enhancement of the quality of the life and to

keep intact the cross-cultural exchange. This will also help in saving the local culture of

the country and preserve the pride as well (Leask, 2016).

Negative

The socio-cultural factors impact the tourism development due to the overcrowding of

the tourist's places which hinders the authenticity and can add to the crime rate as well.

Environmental impacts

Positive

Due to the tourism, there have been many developments in the environment through

the development of the infrastructure and the protection of the natural resources for

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future generations. This thus helps in enhancing the preventive measures for the future
(Yousaf, et al. 2017).

Negative

The tourism also creates negative environmental impacts such as it increases the

congestion issues and the pollution concerns due to the noise pollution. There has been

a wear and tear due to the many tourists visiting the sites which creates many issues

regarding the environment.

Economic impacts

Positive

The tourism influences the visitor’s attractions and creates a positive impact on the

economy of the country as due to the tourism many employment opportunities are

generated and thus the foreign exchange issues are also resolved (Yousaf, et al. 2017).

Negative

On other hand tourism also renders negative economic impacts due to the leakages of

the national currencies and the inflation rates due to the rise of tourism which ultimately

impacts the GDP of a country (Leask, 2016).

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2.3 ANALYSE THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT THEORIES OF TOURIST MOTIVATION
ON THE MANAGEMENT OF VISITOR ATTRACTIONS

There are different tourist motivation theories which affect the management of the visitor

attractions.

Responsible tourism theory

According to this theory, the focus of the government and the local community lies

completely on the enhancement of the tourism places so that they become better so as

to ensure sustainability (Tang and Qiu, 2015). The focus lies completely on the

mitigating of the negative economic, social and environmental impacts. This theory thus

helps in focusing on management of the visitor’s attractions by conserving them and

ensuring the conservation of the heritage and the culture of the country (Mihalic, 2016).

This thus helps in rendering a satisfying and enjoyable experience for the visitors

visiting and thus working for effective management of visitor’s attractions by ensuring

sustainability. This theory minimizes the effects of the tourism on the local community,

ecology and on people and thus rendering benefits to the environment and the local

community (Heinrichs, et al. 2013).

:

Fig: Responsible tourism theory

(Source: Thielin, 2016)

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Smart consumer theory
According to this theory, the tourist's motivation effects are analysed which creates

impacts on the consumer’s needs. The smart consumer theory renders motivation and

inspiration on the basis of the cultural needs of the consumers that boost the

satisfaction and motivation of the visitors. This theory helps in the betterment of the

experiences of the tourists which are due to the fulfilment of the UNWTO rules. Thus,

aims to minimise the damage of the visitor attractions as well (Connell, et al. 2015).

Thus, there are various visitors which differ on the several bases in terms of the needs

and the motivation. The impacts of the visitors on the tourism have been depicted in

term so of the negative and the positive impacts. The responsible tourism theory and

the smart consumer theory helps in minimising the negative impacts of tourism and

helps in ensuring sustainability and management of the visitor attractions (Heinrichs, et

al. 2013).

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TASK 3
In order to establish a theme park in Swanscombe Peninsula, Kent named “The London

Resort” by London Resort Company Holdings Limited as a Junior Tourism Consultant of

Visit Britain the different processes and issues that will be encountered in the

development will be discussed.

3.1 DISCUSS THE PROCESSES AND THE POTENTIAL ISSUES INVOLVED IN THE

DEVELOPMENT OF VISITOR ATTRACTIONS

Processes involved in the development of The London Resort:

In order to develop a theme park in Swanscombe Peninsula, Kent named “The London

Resort” by London Resort Company Holdings Limited the process will be to conduct a

feasibility study which will evaluate and analyse the feasibility of the development of the

project with its positive and the negative aspects involved with it. The next process will

be to conduct an analysis of the design and the planning of the project which will add to

the success of the project by carrying it out effectively (Connell, et al. 2015). For the

development, there is also essential to gain the involvement of the local community

which will help in supporting the development and gaining cooperation so as to avoid

the conflicts with the local community. For ensuring the success of the development of

The London resort another important process to gain the access and permission of the

construction period and the funds which will help to ease the visitor’s experiences

(Heinrichs, et al. 2013). For the opening event, a particular date will be decided and the

event will be organised by effectively training and recruiting the people and the staff so

that the efficacy can be maintained.

In order to effectively manage the crowd at The London Resort, the steps will also be

taken to establish and develop the spacious ticket and reservation counters so that the

crowd management could be effectively gained.

Potential issues in the development of The London Resort:

Some of the potential issues involved in the development of the London resort will

include the problems of the access to funding which should be gained through effective

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means and sources so as to cut the costs. Another problem is of the crowd
management which may lead to the chaos and lack of comfortable experience to the

visitors of a theme park that should be resolved by proper signposting and increasing

the visitor’s time during the peak seasons (Connell, et al. 2015).

Thus there can be witnessed many processes that can be utilised to effectively manage

the development of the Theme Park named The London Resort by considering the

various potential problems that may emerge while developing. This will help in deriving

solutions in advance to solve these issues and ensuring the effectiveness of the

development of this attraction (Heinrichs, et al. 2013).

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TASK 4- MANAGEMENT REPORT
As a Junior Tourism Consultant, the different techniques to achieve sustainability will be

analysed and evaluated that will ensure the sustainability of the various attractions like

The British Museum, The National Maritime Museum and the Queen’s House in the

United Kingdom.

4.1 ANALYSE DIFFERENT VISITOR MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES

Visitor management strategies form a crucial role in the tourism sectors which ensures

the sustainability as a result. Some of the visitor’s management strategies include the

one that effectively balances the demands and supply of the tourists and fulfils the

expectations of the visitors ensuring sustainability (Thielin, 2016).

Some of the different visitor management strategies are analysed as under:

The crowd management strategy will help to effectively manage the crowd in the
peak seasons and will accompany the tourists in their comfortable experience.

Through the flexible hours and extended visit times, the tourists can be better

satisfied and the crowd can be better managed.

Another strategy to manage the visitors is to set up effective food and
accommodation spaces so that the place can be kept tidy and clean and the

visitors can better get facilities so as to stay satisfied (Bond, et al. 2015).

When the demand is low in such times the visitors can be attracted by supplying
the attractive packages and discounts so that the balance can be formed

between the two and the management can be ensured effectively.

Through the effective use of the signposting and the other tourist guides, the
access to all places and the attractions can be ensured which will boost the

satisfaction and accessibility level of the tourists.

The effective surveillance and the security facilities will also help in effective
visitor management by meeting the safety and security of the tourists and

ensuring their repeated visits in the future (Bond, et al. 2015).

Thus effective follow up of these visitor management strategies can boost the

satisfaction level of the visitors and enhance their experience level which will help in

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ensuring sustainability in long run and reaping repeated visits of the visitors (Sharma
and Singh, 2015).

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4.2 EVALUATE MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES IN RELATION TO SUSTAINABILITY
In order to ensure the sustainability of tourism, the needs of the customers should be

met effectively that will help to meet the desired level of expectations and ensure the

sustainability. The management techniques that will lead to sustainability will include

striking a balance between the demand and supply of the visitors by managing

effectively the time slots so that the crowd can be managed (Dewhurst and Thwaites,

2014).

Another management technique is to increase the hiring of the staff and training them

effectively so as to meet the desired standard to control and manage the visitors by

satisfying their needs and guiding them (Vanhove, 2017).

Through the cooperation of the local community, the balance can be gained in the

demand and supply of the market and thus the natural and cultural resources can also

be managed with an ease that again ensures sustainability.

Effective staff and arrangements at the visitor’s attractions will help n boosting the

involvement of the community members as this will help in better meeting the

expectations of the visitors in form of the corporation (Dewhurst and Thwaites, 2014).

From the effective surveys and the monitoring systems, the information about the

residents and their attitudes and behaviours should be monitored and undertaken so

that the tourism activities can be planned accordingly. This will also help in discovering

the red flags and the areas of improvement in the locality which needs attention and

improvements.

Through the proper monitoring and rendering facilities to the visitors, the risks can be

minimised and the economic, social and the environmental concerns can be mitigated

ensuring the sustainability of tourism (Vanhove, 2017).

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CONCLUSION
Thus from the above assignment, it can be connoted that the visitor's attraction

management forms a vital area which needs to be developed and focused on in the

tourism industry. There exists many visitor attractions based on their purpose and the

background which helps in understanding the needs of the different visitors as well.

There were witnessed some needs of the visitors such as leisure, educational, health,

business, cultural needs and youth needs that motivates them to visits certain places.

These visitors’ needs have been the motivation for visitors which has been also

understood with the help of the motivational theories of tourism which boosts the tourist

experiences and attracts visitors. The effects of these motivational theories have also

been marked by the visitor’s attraction management. In the later part, the process and

the issues that may emerge for the development of a theme park names The London

resort has been undertaken and analysed which helps in its effective development

within time. At last a management report has helped to depict the different visitor

management strategies and techniques that help in ensuring the sustainability in the

tourism industry and managing the visitor attractions effectively.

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REFERENCES
1.
Bond, N., Packer, J. and Ballantyne, R., 2015. Exploring visitor experiences,
activities and benefits at three religious tourism sites. International Journal of

Tourism Research, 17(5), pp.471-481.

2.
Connell, J., Page, S.J. and Meyer, D., 2015. Visitor attractions and events:
Responding to seasonality. Tourism Management, 46, pp.283-298.

3.
Dewhurst, P.D. and Thwaites, E., 2014. Visitor attraction management.
Entertainment Management: Towards Best Practice, p.272.

4.
Heinrichs, K., Oser, F. and Lovat, T. eds., 2013. Handbook of moral motivation:
theories, models, applications (Vol. 1). Springer Science & Business Media.

5.
Horner, S. and Swarbrooke, J., 2016. Consumer behaviour in tourism.
Routledge.

6.
Leask, A., 2016. Visitor attraction management: A critical review of research
2009–2014. Tourism Management, 57, pp.334-361.

7.
Mason, P., 2015. Tourism impacts, planning and management. Routledge.
8.
Mihalic, T., 2016. Sustainable-responsible tourism discourse–Towards
‘responsustable’tourism. Journal of Cleaner Production, 111, pp.461-470.

9.
Moutinho, L. ed., 2014. Strategic management in tourism. CABI.
10.
Mowforth, M. and Munt, I., 2015. Tourism and sustainability: Development,
globalisation and new tourism in the third world. Routledge.

11.
Page, S.J., 2014. Tourism management. Routledge.
12.
Prayag, G. and Del Chiappa, G., 2016. Antecedents of Heritage Tourists’
Satisfaction: The Role of Motivation, Discrete Emotions and Place Attachment

13.
Sharma, O.P. and Singh, M.P., 2015. Psychological aspects of tourism. IAHRW
International Journal of Social Sciences Review, 3(1).

14.
Tang, J. and Qiu, C., 2015. Research on motivation, experience, satisfaction and
behavioural intention of museum tourism—A case of Macau Museum. In Tourism

and hospitality development between China and EU (pp. 137-153). Springer,

Berlin, Heidelberg

15.
Thielin, F. 2016. Sustainable Tourism Providers? Marketing Challenges?. Online
available at (
http://hopineo.org/en/sustainable-tourism-providers-marketing-
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challenges/) last accessed July 2018.
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Vanhove, N., 2017. The Economics of Tourism Destinations: Theory and
Practice. Routledge.

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Vanhove, N., 2017. The Economics of Tourism Destinations: Theory and
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Wang, X., Li, X.R., Zhen, F. and Zhang, J., 2016. How smart is your tourist
attraction?: Measuring tourist preferences of smart tourism attractions via a

FCEM-AHP and IPA approach. Tourism Management, 54, pp.309-320.

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Yousaf, A., Amin, I., Santos, C. and Antonio, J., 2017. Tourist's motivations to
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management, 24(1), pp.1-15.

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Zainul, M.Y., Ismail, N., Ibrahim, N., Heddemi, M. and Amirah, S.N., 2015. The
understanding motivation of visitors at dark tourism site: a case of Penang war

museum (Doctoral dissertation, Faculty of Entrepreneurship and Business).

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