Global Tourism Assessment: A Report on the UK Tourism Industry

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GLOBAL TOURISM ASSESSMENT
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................... 3
TASK 1..........................................................................................................................................4
TASK 2..........................................................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION........................................................................................................................... 15
REFERENCE.............................................................................................................................. 16
TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Statistical Data................................................................................................................7
Figure 1: Statistical Data................................................................................................................8
Figure 2: SNOWDONIA................................................................................................................10
Figure 3: Roman-era Bath.............................................................................................................11
Figure 4: Ancient Stonehenge and Medieval Salisbury................................................................11
Figure 5: Liverpool and Manchester.............................................................................................12
Figure 6: London Eye....................................................................................................................12
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INTRODUCTION
The tourism industry can be defined as inter-connected activities related to touring and traveling.
In the current scenario, the business of the tourist includes several activities and segments which
require proper coordination (Sigala, 2017). Tourism industry includes various sub-industries
which offer similar products and services which increase the demand for tourism. The
importance of the tourism industry has grown to such a dimension that it has converted the
biggest industry in the world. The tourism industry also provides crucial economic benefits to
different destinations. In this report, highlights the image of the tourism industry has changed to
be gentle and environmentally friendly. The economic and social changes also develop the form,
structure, and growth of the tourism industry. The tourism industry is growing at the faster rate
but till it faces many problems such as hygiene, safety and security, cleanliness, and many more
which needs quick attention for increasing the revenue of this industry. The tourism industry
provides several benefits to the economy of host and home country in terms of employment,
revenue, etc. on the other side, when the tourism becomes unmanageable in nature it will badly
affect the environment and economy of the country.
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TASK 1
The tourism industry of the United Kingdom is growing rapidly ad it also pull various substitute
components for betterment of tourism products. Some tour and travelling agencies are served
tremendous facilities to millions of customer annually.
In many parts of the world, tourism has caused problems. Explore the negative impacts
that tourism can have and illustrate these using examples from different countries of your
choice.
The tourism industry is one of the biggest and leading industries of the world and it contributes
to the majority of revenue in the GDP of the countries. It can be also said that it plays an
important role in the growth and development of countries even economically, technically and
socially. The tourism industry can be divided into several categories:
Inbound tourism: when the non-residents of host country entered in the home country is known
as inbound tourism and this brings foreign currency in the country (Saha et al., 2017).
Outbound tourism: when the residents of the home country visit other destination places is
called as outbound tourism.
Internal tourism: Internal tourism is the visit of non-resident and resident in the territory of a
specific region.
Domestic tourism: the visitor or traveler visits only one country and their contribution remain in
the internal economy of the country.
National tourism: National tourism can be defined as exploration or travel by the people in
different countries for any reason. It increases the funds of foreign exchange reserves.
The importance of the tourist industry can be viewed as a positive impact from the economic
point of view. The negative impact of tourism industry can be identified on the environment
(wildlife and vegetation), natural resources (water, air, minerals, etc.), local communities (native
customs and traditions, culture, lifestyle, etc.) The negative impacts of the tourist are as follows:
 Economic impact
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The economic impact can be calculated through economic retrogression of the society. Any
development in the infrastructure requires changes in nature. These changes damage the flora
and fauna of the country. Increase in the number of the population requires more resources which
mean the depletion of natural resources for meeting the needs of the different people. The
increasing population results in the requirement of more transport facilities, waste disposable
method and also the treatment of pollution which disturbs the ecological balance of the country.
There are some unforeseeable and uncertain events such as changing weather conditions,
terrorism, natural disaster, etc. negatively affect the inbound tourism of the particular region (Li
et al., 2017).
For example, the negative economic impact can be seen from the Pacific regions where the
employment opportunity is also shared with the population of other countries. In addition to this,
the political parties or terrorist organization influence the behavior of the job seekers.
Further, in recent years, the tourism industry of Mediterranean Sea affects the socio-cultural and
environment of the nation. These concerns sometimes affect the sustainable development and
economic growth of the region. Moreover, the development of sea-front and large scale beach
causes not only an ecological problem but also an economic problem. This development
damages the marine life, coral reefs, destruction of habitat, and hinterland forests. The number of
recreational activities such as jet skis, boats, etc. increases the burden on urban and rural life due
to which they decided to minimize the number of recreational activities.
 Environmental impact
Environmental impact means a negative impact on surroundings area or nature. The tourism
industry affects the human population, flora and fauna, natural resources, etc. Following are the
ways through which the tourism industry affects the environment are as follows:
The tourism industry and pollution
The polluted air is emitted from automobiles or airplanes when tourist travels from one place to
another which is the main source of air pollution. Loud music at the tourist places affects the
animals or wildlife living in that particular area. Waste disposal is again a big problem faced by
the tourism industry. The cruise ships of the Caribbean generate more than 70,000 tons of waste
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every year and if they were not disposed of properly it may disturb the life of marine animals
(Jarvis et al., 2016).
Tourism and natural resources
The tourism industry negatively affects the ecosystem of the country if they were not having
sufficient resources to meet the demand for tourist. For instance, there will be a large
requirement of water to swimming pools, hotels, etc. Their requirement will deplete the water
resources and availability of water for local people, animals, and plants.
Tourism and degradation of ecosystem
In the ecosystem, every species has its own importance and any disturbance in the ecological
system creates a disaster for the entire ecosystem. For example, it is very common practice that
several hotels or resorts construct their business near the sea, beach or even inside the forests.
They cut the forest or disturb the life of water animals for building their construction. Such
unsustainable practices lead to sand erosion, damage to the life of habitats, deforestations,
changes in the coastlines, etc. deeply harm the nature and environment (Boniface et al., 2016).
For example, the Caribbean is known for its clean water in the beaches and even the tourist
industry of this region contributes to 14% of its GDP. But the tourism industry also negatively
affects the environment of the region. It includes marine degradation and pollution and an
increase in the demand for energy and natural resources. It can be said that the tourism industry
damage the environment and environment is degraded due to the tourism industry. This can be
proved by the degradation of coral reefs due to environmental degradation (Bramwell, 2004).
 Social and cultural impact
Social and cultural impact indicates the change in the lifestyle, the living pattern of the local
people, enhancement in infrastructure, etc. In order to increase the revenue of the destination
places, the tourist department advertises, provide quality services to people, etc. but this
negatively affects the social and cultural life of the people. This is because there are several
destinations which cannot deal with overcrowding due to lack of infrastructure facilities. As a
result, this leads to diseases to tourist and local people. The chances of losing the custom and
traditions are high as the local people try to copy the culture, dressing style of the tourist. It can
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also be said that local people may engage in criminal or anti-social activities to realize the money
from tourist ( Hall and Lew 2009).
For example, the tourist industry negatively affects the socio-cultural of Cyprus i.e. tourist
companies emphasize on developing various casino on the island that builds the habit of
gambling among the local people. This practice ruined many families and government are taking
necessary steps to stop this practice in Cyprus. It also affects the local employment level as it
provides employment opportunity to the people at the peak season but these people remain
unemployed when they are unable to find an alternative job during the off-season. In addition to
this, it also affects the lifestyle, social behavior, traditions, customs as well as moral standards of
the younger generation.
The tourism industry helps the country in preserving the custom, traditions, and cultures of the
country. While at the same time it can be used as a way to commercialize this as a business. An
advertising company advertises the home of local people as a part of the hotel. The advertising
message shows that this hotel arranges the nightly staging of an internal Hawaiian luau
presenting acrobatic fire dancers which were a fake new effect the image of the Vegas Strip.
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TASK 2
Travel and tourism industry of the United Kingdom is at their high level and this industry
providing various facilitates to their people. In this report, highlights the detailed market analysis
which provides different information about the traveling and tourism sector of the United
Kingdom; which has been rapid, increases their resource and customer base (Theobald, 2012).
TRAVEL AND TOURISM VISITORS MARKET OF THE UNITED KINGDOM
The United Kingdom cook the record of a maximum number of tourist visited in the previous
year. The community Visits Britain has made a prediction that in 2018 the number of tourists is
not more than 27 billion but the figure was reached to 40 billion (Theobald, 2012). The traveling
and tourism market continuously booming and providing benefit in a different form to the United
Kingdom.
Figure 1: Statistical Data
Source: Statista, 2019
British travel and tourism rapidly growing and it pushes the United Kingdom economy structure,
as we can see that in given figures every year country increase their visitor ratio which enhances
the capital and taxes by the help of Overseas travels (Swarbrooke and Page, 2012). This
numerical figure represents that the GDP of the United Kingdom has been pulling up in these 6-7
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years from 2011 to 2012. The United Kingdom is more attentive to build such famous tourist
places and these are the main center of attraction for visitors (Statista, 2019).
Figure 2: Statistical Data
Source: Statista, 2019
This chart represents the statistical information about the growth of the travel and tourism
industry of the United Kingdom. In this chart contain all the analysis of GDP in between the
(2012-2018) which provides the detailed analysis that the market of tourism has been boomed
and provide effective benefits to the pulling up to country's economy (Swarbrooke and Page,
2012). For addition, the forecasting to 2028 which represent the difference of 9-10 year and the
increases ration more than 45points. With these figures, it has been very easy to understand that
the United Kingdom market is rapid increases (Statista, 2019).
INTERNATIONAL UK TOURISM PRODUCTS FOR VISITORS
The travel and tourism industry of the United Kingdom has been provided several attractive
products to the traveler and visitors. There are various tourists' products and services which
attract them to stay in the United Kingdom (Morrison, 2013). This tourism sector has been
survived because of these tourism products and services. This industry is more dynamic so that
the demand and the requirement of the visitors have been varying in a different form (Richards,
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2016). There are various products and service provided to the visitors by the United Kingdom to
the travel and tourism industry. There are various tourism products for visitors are the following:
Accommodations: tourist select different types of accommodation to say for the particular time
period, and these stays are different types which are Motels Hostels of backpackers, Apartments,
Holiday Homes, Homestays and many more (Morrison, 2013).
Reservations: reservation of different activities arranged by tour operator according to the
visitor's interest. Some places in the United Kingdom which have been requiring making a
reservation in advance (Richards, 2016).
Guided tours: Guide tour is a facility and the tourism product which has been arranged by the
tour operator for visitors. A guide is a person who has knowledge about the places and provides
detail information about different places (Witt et al., 2013).
Transport facilities: transportation facilities are the common tourism product of the United
Kingdom which has been provided benefit to traveling one place to other places.
Dining facilities: the most interesting services provided by the tour operators are providing food
which has been famous and delicious. Every traveler wants to enjoy their meal in sitting
luxurious dining is the attraction point of the United Kingdom (Richards, 2016).
Sport tourism: various places in the United Kingdom which have been provided some
adventurous and sports tourism, which gives the different perception on different places and the
reason of attraction in the United Kingdom (Witt et al., 2013).
INTERNATIONAL SUPPLY AND DEMAND OF THE UNITED KINGDOM TOURISM
In the tour and traveling industry, the demand and the supply play an effective role to attract
visitors. As per the observation, the government of the United Kingdom is increasing the places
to visit by the visitors and it would be attractive among the visitors (Gösslinget al., 2012). It
increases the demand of the visitors and the supply stands for the places, objects, hotels, hidden
places, entertainment activities are to be enough provided or not. International demand and
supply of various tourism products are to be fulfilled or not, that the analysis organizes by the
government and make response according to that (Gösslinget al., 2012).
The demand for tourism can be defined in various ways just like economic, psychological,
geographic and political. The geographic analysis represents the data of the number of tourist
visit, a number of tourist willing to visit and also represent the various facilitates are used by then
and the demand of the tourism fluctuates from that point (Ghimire, 2013).
The tourism supply has been effective by the promotion and advertisement of the tour packages
among the visitor. Government plays an essential role to maintain the supply of visitors by
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providing effective facilities and services to the visitors and also take initiative for their health
and safety factors to enhancing visitor's base (Ghimire, 2013).
TOURIST CHARACTERISTICS
Domestic Tourism
These travelers and visitor make their plans and tour in their own country, the domestic tourism
has not required to do any formalities for traveling different places in their own country (Alegre
and Cladera, 2012). Example: Domestic tourism means, a local residence family visited
Birmingham in the Midlands for a little halt to the coastal resort of Blackpool (Page et al, 2012).
Inbound Tourism
Visitors and traveler are come from abroad to visit several famous places in the United Kingdom.
For these people, the government of the UK applies a certain amount of tourism tax and it has
been paid by tourist and also they have to do various legal formalities to move from one place to
another place. Example: A family coming from the USA to visit several places likes Liverpool,
Manchester, and London Eye (Page et al, 2012).
Outbound Tourism
Some people are traveling from different country to country to visit or for vacations. Some
businessman usually traveling for their business meeting but they also visit different places.
Example: a family belongs to the United States of America visit the United Kingdom for
vacation (Alegre and Cladera, 2012).
UNIQUE PLACES OF THE UNITED KINGDOM CREATING EFFECTIVE TOURIST
EXPERIENCES
SNOWDONIA
Figure 3: SNOWDONIA
Sources: Reza-Jalilvand and Samiei (2012)
This place Snowdonia is famous for their forest and mountain region which has been located in
north-western Wales and there is a national park which is spread in 823 square miles (Reza
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Jalilvand and Samiei, 2012). It has been the center part of Wales and famous among the visitors.
This place has a record that it has the highest peak point in the United Kingdom outside of
Scotland (Reza-Jalilvand and Samiei, 2012).
Roman-Era Bath
Figure 4: Roman-era Bath
Sources: Govers and Go (2016)
Bath is the United Kingdom's one of the smallest cities, this beautiful city attracting visitors by
the flowing healing water from 2,000 years. As per the observation which has been conducted by
the government and the results say that the water has more than 43 minerals which are good for
the body. There are several spas guest house which provides Thermae Bath Spa to visitors and
visitors enjoy the bath from this famous water (Mason, 2015).
Ancient Stonehenge and Medieval Salisbury
Figure 5: Ancient Stonehenge and Medieval Salisbury
Sources: Govers and Go (2016)
Ancient Stonehenge is one of the oldest world heritage sites, this place belongs from the time of
excursion and more than 4,500 years ago. People have assumptions that this place belongs to god
and they usually do worship of this place. Nowadays, increase the number of visitors shows that
this place is actually attractive among visitors and travelers (Reza Jalilvand and Samiei, 2012).
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