Understanding and Leading Change: Project Report on Organizations

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of organizational change, focusing on how businesses adapt to shifting environments. The report uses BT Group and DCSL as case studies to illustrate the impacts of change on organizational strategy, operations, and performance. It explores both internal and external drivers of change, such as political, economic, social, and technological factors, and their effects on leadership, team dynamics, and individual behaviors. Furthermore, the report examines barriers to change and their influence on leadership decision-making, evaluating various leadership approaches and change management models, including Kotter's 8-step model, to mitigate negative impacts and foster successful change initiatives. The conclusion offers recommendations based on the findings, emphasizing the importance of proactive change management for sustained organizational success.

Understanding and
Leading change
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Table of Contents
Table of Contents.............................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Project Part 1....................................................................................................................................3
Different organisational examples that have been impact of change on organisation's operation
and strategy..................................................................................................................................3
The ways in which internal and external drivers of change affect leadership, team and
individual behaviours within an organisation..............................................................................5
The measures that can be taken to minimise negative impacts of change on organisational
behaviour.....................................................................................................................................7
Critical evaluation of the long-term implications of drivers of change within each organisation
.....................................................................................................................................................8
Conclusion and recommendation................................................................................................9
Project Part 2....................................................................................................................................9
Different barriers for change and they influence leadership decision making............................9
Apply different leadership approaches to dealing with range of changes.................................10
A critical evaluation of different leadership approaches and models of change management to
dealing with change...................................................................................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCE................................................................................................................................12
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INTRODUCTION
Changes are the important activity for organization as it introduces new products and
services to the customers and increase the performance in competitive environment. All the
changes and innovation are needed for business industry as it fills the customer demand in
changing environment bring the new products as well as services that can help to attain the
competitive advantages. The world is changing everyday where population and customer trends
is also changing where management is responsible person to manage and organise all actions and
develop the higher performance. The report covers understanding about DCSL and BT Group
that are large size multinational company. Both companies are operating their business by
analysing the market situation and formulate the planning accordingly which can help to increase
the organizational performance in changing environment. The management understand the needs
of customers and bring the changes accordingly which develop higher productivity. The report
covers change impacts on an organization's strategy, drivers of change, barriers to change that
influence leadership decision making and leadership approaches that take change initiatives.
Project Part 1
Different organisational examples that have been impact of change on organisation's operation
and strategy
The changes in relation to organisation is defined as process that uses to increase the
organisational performance by accepting changes and brining something new. The management
is required to understand the trend and formulate strategies that can help to operate the business
and manage the activities by performing all task and functions. The form of changes covered in
different things such as new product and services, changes in technology, changes in climate,
environmental changes which are important to run and improve the business profitability. For
example, BT Group is the British multinational telecommunication holding company,
headquarter in London, UK. It has operations in around 180 countries as it is the largest provider
of fixed line, broadband and mobile services. The management bring the changes that has
impacts on operation and performance.
Another example is DCSL that is UK's leading software development company with
small size. This organisation design intelligent, cost effective and intuitive desktop application,
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web applications and mobile app that helps to run the business and increase revenues their
business. The management of such organisation are operating business by creating values and
delivering products accordingly. Changes are bringing by employees and management by
evaluating market that can help to operate the business successfully.
Comparison between changes in Blake Logitech and DCSL company and their responds
Basis BT Group DCSL
Structural
changes
The organization were followed the
Hierarchical organizational structure
for managing all functions and
activities that supports to work
effectively. But functions and
activities of company is continuously
increasing where management are
facing the difficulties to handle all
workings. This structure is not
accepting changes and interest of
employees remains same.
Geographical divisional structure is
followed by management after
brining the changes in their structure
that helps to establish more satellite
offices across the country and bring
changes effectively (Metz and
Bartley, 2020) (Smulowitz, 2020).
DCSL is software development
company that is operating business by
managing all activities and functions by
following the line and staff structure.
This is a kind of horizontal structure
where managers and employees are
communicating in horizontal ways and
get completion of task. In this, all
employees were not ready to accept
changes easily and have created
problems.
For accepting changes and attaining the
business goals matrix structure is
following by management that can help
to improve the quality and features of
software development business. This
also help to maintain good performance
by accepting changes.
Strategical The organization following the
planning, good communication,
coordination and participation
strategies which supporting to operate
the business and manage the
performance. After introducing new
When this organisation enter in to
market for running business of
developing software by adopting
penetration pricing strategy which have
created value and trust between
customers and organisation.
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changes in their telecommunication
organization management shifts in
technological process, creating
roadmap, effective pricing strategy
and setting a budget that can help to
operate the business and increase
number of customers.
After setting a business properly now
organisation is adopting premium
pricing strategy in which it charge high
prices of their software and other
services that attracts customers and
ready to pay to advance. This helps to
manage the task and operate functions
strategically that leads higher profits
(Weigend, 2018).
The ways in which internal and external drivers of change affect leadership, team and individual
behaviours within an organisation.
In business environment there are many drivers of change that should be consider by top
management while running their business and making the decisions. If all functions and activities
are proper managed then it will be opportunity to grow their business. In relation to BT Group
and DCSL are considering important factors which might be affect leadership and behaviour.
Thus, different model are described below:
External Drivers: This consider factors which are affecting the organizational business
as leadership, team, and individual behaviour that are as explained:
Political – This factor plays an important role on long term profitability of country where
business is operating. This focuses on political stability, level of corruption, intellectual property
protection, tax rate, trade regulation etc. that are formulated by government. BT Group and
DCSL can face the challenge in case of government of different country has been changes where
its is operating their business resulting negative impacts on team and leadership of organization.
On the other side, stability in tax rate and policies can be positive impacts for both organization
to operate their business by following the government regulation that can support to manage all
activities (Jones and Clarke, 2019).
Economical – The consist part of such factor are inflation rate, foreign exchange rate,
economic cycle, interest rate, and others that has impacts on operation and team behaviour. Due
to Pandemic (Covid-19) in whole country economy has been reduced as rate of employment is
continuously decreasing in environment which reduced the buying power. It has negative
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impacts on BT Group and DCSL as sale of organization has been decreased due to changing in
customer buying behaviour and employees are not ready to work in risky situation.
Social – This factor involves society culture, demographic and skill level, attitudes and
changing behaviour which has impacts on organizational behaviour and leadership. BT Group is
taking the advantage of such factor as it understand the customer of given market and design the
marketing message for telecommunication industry consumers which helps to operate the
business effectively. On the other side, negative impact is facing by DCSL due to changing
culture of organization and employees behaviour that limits to bring the change in their
performance as result less number of customers.
Technological – This is another factor which is related with innovation and technology
that are disrupting factor for some organization. BT group and DCSL organization as taking the
advantage of new technology as management analysis the market and bring the changes and new
process to reach the targeted customers which can help to retain the old customers and add new
one. By using new technology BT Groups has establish more satellite offices and DCSL has
produce more software that are beneficial for their clients and supports to manage the operation
effectively (Sharififardand Opong, 2019).
Internal Drivers : This means factors which are arising within the organization and can
be manage or control that can help to increase the organizational performance and profitability.
This is important for organization to focus on such factor and bring the changes if needed. The
SWOT analysis is defined below:
SWOT analysis of BT group
Strength Weakness
 BT Group is the British multinational
company that provides the
telecommunication services to their
customers.
 High level of customer satisfaction (De
Tuya and et.al., 2017).
 It has built a reliable distribution
network that reach targeted customers.
Facing challenges in moving the other product
segment.
The organization is needed more investment in
new technology.
High attrition rate in workforce that increases
spending power of company.
Net contribution and profitability ratio is
lower.
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 Getting good returns on capital
expenditure.
Opportunities Threats
 New trend in consumer behaviour that
provide opportunity to bring new
products and services.
 New customers from online channel
that provide the good business
activities.
 Low inflation rate bring more stability
in market.
 New technology and innovation in
telecommunication sector.
 Changes in government regulation and
political stability.
 Shortage of skilled workforce in global
market
 The demand of highly profitable
products and changing in climate.
The measures that can be taken to minimise negative impacts of change on organisational
behaviour.
Organizational behaviour is defined as values, attitude and culture that showing how
employees are behaving towards change management and how it is operating their business in
changing environment. If all functions and activities are properly managed then change can be
accepted which can help to increase the organizational performance as well as profitability. To
operate the all functions and activities management conduct the proper research and bring the
change in their organizational performance that can help to get the competitive advantages. To
reduce the negative impacts of change Kotter 8 step model has been used that are as explained:
Create a sense of urgency – This is stage which uses by organization to in case of
feeling the requirement of change in relation to increase the performance that can help to build
new ideas and thoughts. Such as management of BT Group uses this stage by creating the
urgency of change as new telecommunication services is provided by organization that can help
to increase customers (Smith, 2020).
Building a guiding coalition – This stage is uses to maintain strong leadership and
visible support from key people in organization by managing all functions and activities. In BT
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Group, management introduces new changes and build the good relationship with people by
managing all activities that can help to operate the business.
Form a strategic vision and initiative – This stage is uses to changing the vision of
organization and getting the success by communicating with all employees. Such as vision
statement of BT Group is to become the leading organization in telecommunication which is
shared between all members and bring the changes in their planning.
Enlist a volunteer army – In this stage, management and leader of BT Group become a
leader of their organization as they maintain the good relation and communication with all
members that can help to operate the business and develop the performance (Nagorny-Koring,
2019).
Enable action by removing barriers – Once changes has decided by setting the vision
of organization then leaders are responsible to found barriers that comes while operation and
make efforts to remove them. In relation to BT Group, leader formate the effective strategies
which can help to remove the barriers and negative impacts of change.
Generate short term wins – In this, management of BT Group sure the projects by
targeting short term wins which can help to manage the all functions and activities in changing
environment (Stowe and Hwang, 2017).
Build a change – This stage is related to adopting of change and implementing that
provides the higher results and profitability. In relation to BT Group, management launch the
new telecommunication services at affordable price which attracts the huge number of customers
and provide the higher benefits.
Institute change – This stage is related to ensuring that changes are implemented for
supporting the change by providing training and development programme to employees which
provides good results. BT Group is using this stage for the purpose of getting good outcome by
analysing changes and managing the performance which can help to increase the organizational
productivity and profitability (Grove and Gray, 2018).
Critical evaluation of the long-term implications of drivers of change within each organisation
Different drivers to change are available in environment that should be adopted by
organization which can help to increase the sales and profitability. For example, changes in
governmental regulation and instability in political governance can be challenging situation for
BT Group as it cannot continue its business activities further and affected the profitability
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negatively. To bring the new technology and new process in organization can be impacts
posiutive which helps to increase the sales by managing all functions and activities. Threats and
weakness of organization can be turn in to opportunities by managing all activities and
implementation of strategies which develop performance.
Conclusion and recommendation
From the above discussion it has been concluded that BT Group and DCSL is large size
organization that is operating their business by following all regulations and bringing the change
in their practices which can help to operate the business and increase profitability. The PESTLE
model states how factors are affecting business operation and team behaviour. The SWOT
analysis stating that what are the strength, weakness, and opportunities of business industry as it
bring the changes and increase geographical location that supports to operate the business
effectively (Byers, 2017).
It has recommended to chosen organization to bring the changes by analysing current situation
and needs of consumer behaviour which helps to make right business decision. Moreover,
change are need which introduced new products and services for getting higher success.
Project Part 2
Different barriers for change and they influence leadership decision making
Barriers to change is defined as problems which are arising while running a business and
create the challenge in operation and management activities. The management and leaders of
organization is responsible to decide the change and remove all barriers that might be affect the
leadership decision making. The barriers which are facing by BT Group in accepting the changes
are as explained:
Lack of staff involvement - Whenever organization has decided to bring change and
new services then it should be concern with all staff so that they can involve in each activities
and supports to increase the performance by accepting changes. BT Group can face this barrier
as employees of organization has lack of involvement that create the problem in accepting new
changes (Eling, Morgan and Marioni, 2019).
Lack of training and communication - Effective communication and training
programme is the part of change and getting success which can make confident to people as they
are performing well by managing all functions. In case of BT Group, management and leaders
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are facing this barriers at the time of accepting changes that has negatively impacted on
leadership decision making and other process within organization (Neumann James and Vince,
2019).
Uses of Force Field analysis - This model is given by Kurt Lewin in order to manage the
all functions and activities. The model is uses for identifying, discussing, and documenting the
factors that supports or oppose the change initiative. This can help to increase the organizational
performance in case of forces are driven. This is explained in relation to BT Group that are as
defined:
Driven force - This means activities and forces which can be use by organization for the
purpose of increase business performance by developing the changes. The driven forces for BT
Group are Web-based platform, 24/hours available, incorporate best practices, providing new
communication services, reduced implementation of changing time, and satisfying the customers
that supports to operate the business regularly and increase the business performance in
competitive market (Boyatzis and Cavanagh, 2018).
Resisting forces – This means forces that works against the change, creating resistance to
business as they create the problems in accepting new process. In relation to BT Group cost,
business disruption, staff afraid of changes and not providing training to employees are resisting
forces that can create the challenge for organization in operation.
Apply different leadership approaches to dealing with range of changes
Situation leadership approach: This approach is showing the relation with condition
and situation within organization that has impacts on team and individual behaviour. This mainly
focuses on skills and capacities that uses by individual to catalyse, enable and support which
helps to solve the problems. BT Group is applying situational leadership approach by mobilizing
innovation, decentralised network and building the good relation in the changing environment
which can help to operate the business and increase the performance by targeting more
customers (Wong and et.al., 2019).
Lewin change model – This refers as change model which uses by different organization
by analysis the situation and condition of business that can help to bring the changes and manage
the all activities. In relation to BT Group, new changes can be taken by management by
following the change model that are as defined:
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Unfreeze – This is the first stage where organization thinks what change should be bring
by organization and how it can share with all so that it can be accepted by all. In comparative of
BT Group there are many organization who are also providing telecommunication services due
to which customers are switching other brand. To solve this situation management has decided to
introduce new service and products which can help to attracts large number of customers.
Change – This stage is related to sharing with all workforce who are working in
organization about change which are company is planning to introduced that can help to increase
business performance. The management of BT Group uses this stage for sharing the changes
about new services as establishment of more satellite office that can helps to attracts more
customers and increase business performance (Yukl and Lepsinger, 2006).
Refreeze – Herein, management, leaders and employees of BT Group accept the all
changes by delegating work and responsibilities between staff that can help to manage all
functions and activities. This can help to increase the organizational productivity.
A critical evaluation of different leadership approaches and models of change management to
dealing with change
Thus, after using the situational leadership approaches management of BT Group deals
with changes properly and increase profitability in changing environment (Hassink, Grin
and Hulsink, 2018). The model of change such as lewin change consider freeze, change
and refreeze stage that can help to adopt changes effectively and maintain higher
productivity.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that organization is mainly focuses on
situation of business in changing environment and thinks about what changes should be
introduced that vcan help to operate the business regularly. Force field analysis is uses to know
what are the driven and resisting force in relation to change that supports to bring new ideas for
accepting changes. The internal and external drivers are main aspects of organization that uses to
get understanding how it affects team, and individual behaviour. Lewin change model supports
to accept the change step by step which increases profitability.
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REFERENCE
Books and Journal
Yukl, G. and Lepsinger, R., 2006. Leading change: Adapting and innovating in an uncertain
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Evidence-Based Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Nagorny-Koring, N. C., 2019. Leading the way with examples and ideas? Governing climate
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Smulowitz, S., 2020. The Communication Solution: Leading Successful Change in Higher
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Weigend, A.S., 2018. Time series prediction: forecasting the future and understanding the past.
Routledge.
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