Understanding and Leading Change Report - RQF Unit 17

This report, prepared for RQF Unit 17, explores the complexities of understanding and leading change within organizations. It begins by identifying and comparing change drivers, such as human resources, customers, competitors, and political stability, affecting British Airways and KLM. The report then examines how internal and external factors impact leadership, team, and individual behavior, along with techniques to mitigate negative impacts. A force field analysis is used to identify driving and resisting forces, and their influence on leadership decision-making. Finally, it discusses different leadership approaches, with a focus on the transformational approach. The report provides recommendations and justifications for planning, offering a comprehensive overview of change management strategies.

Understanding and leading change

Table of contents
Introduction...................................................................................................................... 1
Task 1.............................................................................................................................. 1
Part a....................................................................................................................... 1
Drivers for change................................................................................................... 1
P1 Organizations comparison on the bases of responding changes.......................3
Part b................................................................................................................................5
P2 Internal and external driver's change impact on leadership, team and individual
behaviour................................................................................................................. 5
P3 techniques that minimize the negative impacts on organizational behaviour.....7
Theories and models .............................................................................................. 8
D1 Recommendations and justification for planning .............................................10
Task 2............................................................................................................................ 10
P4 Force field analysis for identify driving and resisting forces..............................10
Barriers in business growth ...................................................................................11
Driving and resisting forces influence on leadership decision making...................12
Force field analysis used to achieve organizational goals and objectives ............13
Task 3 ........................................................................................................................... 13
1. Different leadership approaches........................................................................13
2. Transformational approach used in organization...............................................13
Conclusion..................................................................................................................... 14
References..................................................................................................................... 15

Introduction
Understanding and leading change prepares organizations to meet the issues
that come with implementing change and initiating. During this program, firm focuses on
evaluating change process and political, psychological or organizational problems.
Organization need to understand the inside environment changes and considered for
resolving the issues that impact on business growth (Doppelt, 2017). This report
explains the various drivers for change in the organizations such as British Airways and
KLM and then compare it on the bases of respond by them both, considering
similarities. In this study measure the ways in which external and internal factors effect
leadership and team behavior. It also defines such measures that decreased the
negative affect of change on company.
Furthermore, booths organization is also included within whole report which is
located in Northern England. There are only 2,870 number of employees are working
under the firm and make their business more successful. In the present report will
discuss about the force field that analyze resisting and driving forces and various
leadership approaches. In addition to this the resisting force which is influencing
decision making power of leadership is also included within the current report.
Task 1
Part a
Drivers for change
Change driver is an external and internal pressure that forms modify to
companies. It included change to plans, strategy, designs, facilities, goods and services
and management. Most of the changes' driver begin with internal drivers and developing
to external force (bertram, blase and fixsen, 2015). Human resources, customers,
competitors and changes in legislation are such drivers that change British Airways and
KLM organization.
British Airways is the largest airlines in the UK based on fleet size and second
biggest behind easy Jet. This organization is located in Waterside near main hub at
London Heathrow Airport. They serve their effective work activity to customers that
attract towards their business.
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KLM Royal Dutch Airlines which is located in Netherlands. There headquarters is
based on Amstelveen nearby Amsterdam Airport. It is the part of Air France KLM group
and also member of Sky team airline.
 Human resources: In British airways there are many employees working and
give their effective performances which increased firm business. But on the other
side there are some problems in relationship between workers and organization
which make changes in British Airways and their entire work performances. Such
drivers also change environment of KLM they face problems between their
leaders and workers.
 Customers: Consumers is the most effective factors that pressure British
airways to change in their service plans, products and facilities. Organization has
huge number of clients that connect with them by giving good services and make
them comfortable during the time of traveling. But on some points firm need to
make changes according to the people needs and demands that developed their
business more. KLM has to modify their service chart on the bases of people
requirement that is very important for making good image in marketplace.
 Competitors: Competitors in business world is the most comm on drivers that
pressure KLM for make changes in their business strategies or plans. KLM is
Netherlands airlines which serve their services to many people and give them
proper satisfaction of traveling. Thus, for their business success there some
competitors that give them tough competition in business, so for that they need to
make modify its business plans and strategies which help to maintain their
position in market. Competitors of British Airways give cheaper price tickets for
attracting consumers that impact on organization. Thus, for that they need to
change their business objective and goal strategies.
 Changes in Political stability: Government is the biggest driver that force KLM
to make changes in their policies, services, designs and operations. Legislation
get change on the bases of local and national authority that directly impact on
firm policies. According to these changes KLM need to recreate or modify its
strategy which can be sudden downward for business which can impact trading
results from present business structure. The biggest reason of KLM changes is
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Brexit that highly affect on whole functions of organization. In British Airlines
some changes has been done by government new policies and strategies that
impact on operations' management function of the firm.
P1 Organizations comparison on the bases of responding changes
Similarities between British airways and KLM
British airways and KLM both provide the best experience for overnight flights
within one connection and their tickets costs are the same. They both used new
technology or developed it more for increasing their business growth and success (van
der voet, 2014). British airways and klm structure is managerial which help to give better
services for people. Both organizations' vision and mission are same which they have to
achieve in business world and make their brand image more popular. British Airways
deal with the changes by modifying their business strategies and plan which is very
necessary for organization to run their services effectively. On the other side KLM
respond give their work performances by adopting Brexit environment changes and
make some new ideas for betterment.
Differences between British airways and KLM approach to deal with changes
Bases British airways KLM
Human resources British airways concentrate
on their employees'
satisfaction for needs and
demands that they want in
workplaces. Organization
make changes in their work
areas according to people
culture and beliefs. British
Airways try to resolve
relationship conflict between
employee's and
management by listing
effectively.
KLM is used different
approach to deal with
changes in firm. They
understand employees’
beliefs by arrange training
and development session
and employing leading that
is the best way to get
connected with their staff
members. KLM use
communication and
collaboration approach for
resolving problem among
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their leader and staff
members.
Customers British airways serve their
best service to many
customers effectively by
knowing their needs and
demands through feedback.
Consumer is the most
important part of business
so for that firm need to give
them better facilities like
cheaper ticket prices and
superior goods to manage
competition and attain
business goals.
On the other side KLM also
focused on customers
wants and deal with
changes by using different
approach. KLM need to give
best offers that attract their
consumer's towards
services more than the
other Airlines.
Competitors British airways change in its
business strategies for
giving tough competition to
competitors. Thus, for
dealing with this change
they using market research
technique which help them
to understand current
market situation and after
that they make their
business strategy much
better than its business
rivals. Organization makes
new pricing policies an
implement in their business
KLM face many issues by
changing their policies for
the reason of new entrance
in marketplace. Thus, for
that they need to make new
strategies that develop
more opportunities for
increasing their business
profitability.
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functions. By applying
management theory in their
activity they operate
business effectively.
Changes in Political
stability
Government make changes
in laws or legislation that
impact on business success
and productivity. Thus, for
that British Airways deal
with these problems by
following all the policies and
rule according to
government and also make
changes in their service
supply procedures.
KLM also deal with
changes in policies or rules
after Brexit. They adopt all
things in its business
structure and strategies
which is very important.
Part b
P2 Internal and external driver's change impact on leadership, team and individual
behaviour
External
driver's change
Leadership in an organization Team and individual
behavior in an
organization
Political Political changes impact on British
Airlines business polices and other
functions. It also affects KLM
procedures activity that highly affected
on their growth.
Thus, if the political
changes impact on
organization it Oslo affect
on team and individuals
behaviour that increase
employee's turn over.
Economical In British Airlines their business rivals
make new policies and attract people
It also impacts on pay cost
for employee's of the British
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that impact on organization pricing
structure.
In KLM business also impact by new
entrance in marketplace.
Airlines. New entries in
business world has impact
on workers pay policies.
Legal Government makes new polices that
impact on British Airline they need to
make changes in their trading policy.
In KLM organization also influence
after Brexit.
According to new rules and
regulation staff suffer at
workplaces. KLM team and
individual also impact after
Brexit many people are
unemployed.
Internal driver's
change
Leadership in an organization Team and individual
behavior in an
organization
Strength British Airlines apply all changes in
their business. And KLM also improve
their performance according to market
changes.
Organization team and
individual give their effective
performance.
Weakness The entire process take long time. Employee's take a lot of
time to adjust themselves in
environment at workplace.
Opportunity Both the organization grab the
opportunity for increasing their
business by implementing all the
changes.
By all these changes they
develop their skills more
and more.
Threats New entries is the biggest threat of
British Airways and KLM organization.
All the change impact on
team behaviour that reduce
their effectiveness.
Internal and external drivers change impact on leadership behavior
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British airways give their effective services to customers by its huge number of
employees that help to develop their business more than the other airlines. All the
people have its different beliefs and also they are related with another country or state
that affect their working performances in workplace. Thus, for that organization make
changes according to their comfort that help to adjust workers in firm. On the other side
raising competitors and increasing customers demand also pressure British airways to
make changes in its business plan, strategies or management which directly affect
leadership behavior. Manager of the organization also has modified its plans and
structure of management that help to run business smoothly. Thus, because of the
changes in legislation it impacts on leadership behavior. Customers and employees
changes may impact negatively on leadership behavior because for these changes'
manager need to modify whole function plans.
Internal and external driver's changes impact on team and individual behavior
All the drivers of changes may impact on British team and individual behavior
that also affect its business. Competitors and legislation changes may affect individual
or group behavior because of this external factor organization need to modify its overall
management structure that impact on workers. Through these changes team and
individual work pressure will increase more and for that they need to give their working
performance much harder in way. According to the change in legislation or law team
has to adopt the rules and regulations in their working style that help organization to run
services smoothly. Individual and team members faced problems in making
compatibility with the other employee who belongs to different culture and also used
different languages that may be difficult to understand it betters.
P3 techniques that minimize the negative impacts on organizational behaviour
Such methods will use by the British airways to decreased negative affect in
leadership behavior that developed by drivers of changes in organization.
 Equal opportunities: organization need to provide equal opportunity for
understanding behavior, culture and belief of other team members. This will help
in reducing workplace conflicts among workers of British Airways. Further,
implication of leadership strategy within organization will also assist the airways
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in understanding employees’ problems and managing shared culture among
workers regardless of their differences.
 Transparency: Transparency help organization to understand business
fucntions and explain with employee's (etzioni, 2016). It is the best way to
remove negativity and increased positive environment that developed British
airways business more productive and progressive. Through this method they
build strong relationship with employees which help firm in any difficult situation.
Theories and models
Lewin's change management model
Lewin's change management model is based on three stages:
 Unfreeze: In this stage ba determined what exactly needs to be changes and
requires support of which department and employees. In this stage firm
developed the need of managing equality and diversity at workplace to align
employees activities into one direction to manage internal driver of change.
 Change: at this stage British airways changed the whole structure of business
process and strategies that adopted and accepted by employees. Thus, process
of making changes in workplace is completed that modify entire environment of
work. these modifications are completed on the bases of resolving issues of
workers that give them proper job satisfaction.
Source: Lewin’s change management model. 2015
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Illustration 1: Lewin's model

 Freeze: Employees of British airways are now adjusted to new work area
process and accept new way of performing their duties. Leaders are assigned
according to team of BA which will assist in managing smooth flow of business
operations. This stage organization make all the necessary changes that cannot
be modify now. All the people will acclimate in new business environment that
help to improved firm position more than the other airlines.
Kubler-ross five stage model
 Denial: KLM make changes in its business process and strategies that impact on
employees. Employee's give their negative respond toward these changes they
do not accept this process effectively which developed fear of doing something
wrong.
Source: Kubler ross five stage model. 2015
 Anger: After feeling of denial, anger is develop at next level. KLM focusing on
making new plans that increased anxieties which impact on employees work
performance. They get frustrated which low down its interest for working at work
area in organization.
 Bargaining: In the third stage people get compromise and give their support
toward changes which organization has made to run their business effectively.
Individuals and team bargain or agree to exchange its comfort at some points.
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Illustration 2: Kubler ross five stage model

 Depression: Depression is the most common stage that lower the potential of
employee working style. Due to the changes in KLM organization their staff
people working level goes down and they do not feel comfortable in workplace.
 Acceptance: Thus, after the darker respond in second or third stage of
employees, more enthusiastic and optimistic mood begins to emerge. Workers
accept that changes is inevitable and begin to work according change that help
to perform its work effectively. Through accepting all the modification people grab
the best opportunities in developing its career more than now.
M1
Human resource, costumers and competitors are the drivers that changes each
and every organizational function and other activities. Due to these drivers it impacts on
business process and organization decision making activity.
M 2
Kubler ross five stage model and Lewin’s change management model both helps
organization to response with the changes which has been modified through different
drivers.
D1
In this section has been concluded different drivers that impact on firm business
and other functions effectively. Thus, for overcome with this issues company make new
plans and strategies. British airways make planning for change the business
environment effectively that increased its growth and success. Organization should
adopt transparency in their planning process effectively for change entire process of
work. Thus, British airways succeed in that planning through understand employees’
culture and beliefs that is very helpful in the process of transparency. To improve their
business position and reputation in market place KLM also need to make some new
plans that help in developing their organization business more. Some internal and
external drivers impact on KLM services, planning and financial budgets that decrease
their productivity. So for that they need to flexible in their services and quality that make
them adjustable in any business environment.
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Task 2
P4 Force field analysis for identify driving and resisting forces
Force field analysis using in business for communicating and making decisions.
To maintain difficult situations between employees that is developed through drivers
changes and others resist change force field analysis should apply (Cameron and
green, 2015.). It is very useful tool for making any decision by identifying the force for
and communicating the thinking behind Booths decision and against change.
Force field analysis deals with evaluating and analyzing forces that bring a
change in organization business mostly driving and restraining forces. Thus, by
identifying force that are increasing the change firm run its business successfully. It is
common tool for systematically identify factors that found in complex issues. Force field
analysis has two factors such as restraining forces and driving forces that impact on
business.
Thus, by using this technique booths organization can identify its restraining
stages that decreased their business growth and also analyze driving points which
developed its business more successful.
Driving change in Booth
Booth are not static landscape, but are constant formed and shaped by
competitive actions and moves of strategic activity such as customers, suppliers and
competitors in organization. Thus, make changes in their business strategy and plans
they give their effective work performance that develop its business more and improve
their services quality.
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Source: (Driving and Resisting forces, 2018)
Resisting change in Booth
Resisting force work to keep status quo and equilibrium in Booth. This force only
occurs at changes in marketplaces and customers demands that develop business
more and some time might be affect negatively.
Barriers in business growth
Booths is a small supermarket that run their business by supplying good quality
products and services to customers (barber, metcalfe and porteous, 2016). In their
business process there are some barriers that change its function and activities.
 Switching prices: In the process of running business successfully costs
switching is the biggest barriers that impact on organization growth. Thus, if the
customers buy products to the other supermarket which is new in marketplace
and serve their products in attractive prices that affect Booths business
negatively. Thus, for minimize buyer switching process they need to low down its
goods prices which decreased its business profitability and productivity.
 Government policy: Government sudden changes in laws make barriers for
booths business development. Organization need to perform their work
according to these changes which is difficult to do.
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Illustration 3: Driving and Restraining forces

 Rising competitors: Booth serve good services and products to customers that
make them happy. But some new entrants in marketplace make barriers in their
business growth that directly impact on its profitability and productivity.
 Lack of strategic planning: If Booth need to develop their business more they
need to make an effective plan that increase their budget more than the other.
Lack of strategic planning is one the biggest barriers which affect organization
success and reputation. It is one of that factors that resistance business growth
and profit margin.
Driving and resisting forces influence on leadership decision making
Driving forces support booths organization to run its business actively that
increased profit margin more than the other supermarkets. It also influences on
leadership decision making process effectively. Employees contribution and flexibility in
workplaces will help manager to take any decision about the work that improve workers
performances in firm. Booths will make any strategy and apply it effectively with the
support of its people. Planning in business must be successful when workers and other
staff members will give their support. Another driving force is economy that influence
leadership decision making activity because of this factor firm can serve its products
without any barriers in delivery process.
Competitors in marketplace is the one of that factors which drive business
towards success. Thus, for that they make changes in their plans or strategy that
increase business profitability and productivity.
But on the other side resisting forces act oppositely of driving forces. Resistance
forces like Lack of strategic planning low down profit margin of business and make
barriers in booths growth in marketplace. That make changes in organization business
plans or minimize their income source assist. Thus, according to all these things firm
need to make changes in its process, policies or strategy structure that influenced its
leadership decision making process. They have to make decision accordant to changes
in planning which is very important to run business effectively. All the plans has to
modify regarding employees satisfaction and equality that given by the manager of
organization.
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Force field analysis used to achieve organizational goals and objectives
Booths using force filed analysis that help in their business growth and achieving
goals and objectives (swanson and creed, 2014). Through this technique firm can
identify resistance force and improve in much better way that helps in their business
more and more. According to this tool organization get information about their
customers and suppliers demands that grow their business and develop its reputation in
marketplace.
M 3
Force field help organization to analyses which drivers impact on their business.
It also helps firm for resisting force and driving their services and products effectively.
D 2
Thus, by using force field analyze tool firm operate business and run other
activities successful. Through manageable way they meet their organizational goals
with employee's goals and achieve their objectives.
Task 3
1. Different leadership approaches
Transformational leadership Approach
Transformational theory concentrate on connections between leaders and
employees as it is driven by purpose in British Airlines. According to this theory
organization leader support and motivate worker by helping or developing their work
performances more effectively. They inspire them to do their job which is very important
for career development process. Thus, regarding this process people take interest in
others work and help them to in any difficult situations that create strong relationship
among them.
Behavioural Approach
Behavioural approach of leadership is based on believe that organization leader
are made by effective working style. It focuses on leaders actions and activity which
they perform in workplace. Thus, according to this theory leader can developed their
learning skills more by teaching or observing other behaviour in organization.
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2. Transformational approach used in organization
Booths organization manager adopt Transformational leadership theory that
create health environment in workplace that get changed by leader or manager
behaviour. According to this theory firm manager thought or ideas exchange process will
affect employees interest positively and develop their working style more effectively.
Through motivation and support by manager worker adjust in any environment during
changes in policies and strategies which has to be done by firm for making business
more powerful and successful. This theory is not substitute for transnational leadership,
thus it is an auxiliary form of leadership with add on impact performance beyond
employees expectations. Manager will operate their workers daily task in manageable
way that develop more success. But on the other side through applying
Transformational leadership theory in Booths organization business affect leadership
behaviour negatively that minimize productivity and profitability.
Manager give reward to people for their hard working performances in workplace
which make them more adjustable. It minimizes negativity and increased positive ways
which indicate business toward success and progress (Van der voet, 2014). This theory
is not substitute for transnational leadership, thus it is an auxiliary form of leadership
with add on impact performance beyond employees expectations. All these changes
has been developed through motivation and support that affect business more than the
other things. This theory is not substitute for transnational leadership, thus it is an
auxiliary form of leadership with add on impact performance beyond employees
expectations.
M 4
Transformational and behavioral leadership is the best approaches that helps
organization to deliver good quality services and support during changes effectively.
D 3
Transformational leadership approach is very essential for Booths company that
they using in their business. This theory is very effective firm manager make their
thought or ideas by exchange process will affect employees interest positively and
develop their working style more effectively.
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Conclusion
It has been concluded that understanding business environment develop
opportunities that help in their procedure process. In this study explain various drivers
that pressure organization to make changes in their business process. By using
different leadership theory this report explain its effectiveness in business growth and
development. In this present report explain about the effectiveness of employees that
help organization for developing their business. It, also explains about internal and
external factors that impact on leadership, individual and team behavior and more about
theories and model that explain organizational respond about changes. Furthermore,
explain the similarities and differences between two organizations.
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References
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