Report on Understanding and Leading Change in Business Environments

This report delves into the multifaceted aspects of leading change within organizations, focusing on Marks and Spencer and PRIMARK. It examines the impact of changes on organizational strategy and operations, exploring how internal and external drivers affect leadership, group, and individual behavior. The report identifies various barriers to change and their influence on leadership decision-making, while also outlining different leadership approaches for effectively managing change. It covers the impact of market needs, customer demands, and environmental modifications on firm strategies and policies. Furthermore, the report analyzes how companies can adapt to challenges and leverage competitive advantages, ultimately providing insights into the complexities of change management in a business context. The report also examines how companies can adapt to challenges and leverage competitive advantages.

Understanding and
Leading change

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Impact of changes on organisation's strategy and operations................................................1
P2 Ways in which internal and external drivers of changes impact on leadership, group and
individual behaviour in an organisation......................................................................................3
P3 Measures which can be taken for minimising negative impact of changes in behaviour of
organisation.................................................................................................................................5
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................7
P4 Various barriers for change and the way which impact leadership decision making............7
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................9
P5 Different leadership approaches to deal with change............................................................9
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
For an enterprise, it is necessary for making and developing different changes in the
company according to their business surroundings. There are various factors of enterprise
environment which directly affect on structural and operational activities of the company. It is
essential for them, that several changes or alterations assist in leading towards in competitive
market place and also acquire different benefits in easy manner. This project is based on two
organisation and various practices can assist in adopting for making changes in their enterprise
schemes in effectual manner. The report is based on Marks and Spencer & PRIMARK which
have large stores and they are mainly dealing with clothing, luxury accessories, home products
and some more. Marks and Spencer is largest British multinational retailing company which is
situated in united kingdom (Alkahtani, 2011). This was founded in 1884 year by Michael Mark
and Thomas Spencer. In this report, understand various changes which directly affect on
organisation functions and activities in easy manner along with their different internal and
external factors that impact on individual behaviour and its leadership strategy at work place. In
this report, various barriers for change and its impact on leadership decision and different
leadership approaches to deal with changes.
TASK 1
P1 Impact of changes on organisation's strategy and operations
An enterprise will face different changes in their current policies, strategies, process and
firm's major goals and objectives at the time of changes taken place within business
environment. But this is required for company is to face various changes and challenges for
improving their working strategies in effective manner. All such things are assist in taken high
level of advantages for target large market place in easy way. There are two different
organisation which affect from different changes that are describe as under:
Marks and Spencer- It is the largest retailing organisation which is situated in united
kingdom and they offer clothing and other products in huge market place (Anderson and
Anderson, 2010). The main objective and mission of firm is to serve quality based goods to their
customers at reasonable and appropriate cost. An organisation market can directly impact on
their policies and strategies processes. So they mainly focus on their promotional and
merchandising activities for spread awareness of their goods and services in the front of desired
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customers. This is very essential for company is to given best quality based products and services
to their customers at reasonable price. With the help of this process, they can easily developing
and making different changes in the current market and evaluating their planning and strategies
in specific environment.
Example- In this industry, customers always demand and request for fashionable and new
trends products (Bingham and Main, 2010). Marks and Spencer require for getting appropriate
data and information refers to different changes which directly affect on their demand of
products in easy manner. With the assistance of this process, they can able for giving effective
services to their customers as per their personal demand and needs of market area. Marks and
Spencer is very famous firm which mainly deal in globally trading of their specific products
which attract large number of customers. They always work for doing operations and monitoring
strategies within target market for analysing demand of particular goods and services. On the
other hand, environmental elements can directly impact to their planning and procedures so they
required for developing and making effective strategies for dealing with negative factors in easy
way.
Effect of alteration on organisation's strategy and operations- There is change in
market such as market need, customers demand and modification in environment which directly
affect on firm strategies and policies. For doing this, firm can analyse customers as well as
market needs and demands that affect on their different activities or functions which help in
making appropriate planning in proper manner. All such changes will assist in reducing the loss
and additional cost from production and manufacturing services or facilities.
PRIMARK- On the other side, PRIMARK company offer various clothing, accessories
and food items. It is very popular firm of united kingdom and gives their products in all over the
world. Another is PRIMARK which is retailing store and it is established in the year of 1962 by
the founder of Arthur Ryan (Branson, 2010). An organisation also face tough and strong
competition against different company who also offer similar quality and featured products. For
this, they work for making powerful strategy and planning for attracting large number of
customers towards their effective services or stores. In such process, employees of such firm
assist in giving appropriate services to their desired customers and this is necessary to fulfilling
all needs and wants in specific manner. So for PRIMARK it is essential for managing and
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maintaining their whole business activities through conducting manageable planning and strategy
effectively.
Example- PRIMARK needs to manage and maintain all business functions and activities
as per their customers requirements and demands for offering quality based goods and services to
their buyers (Brown, 2012). They also conduct marketing activities which help in analysing and
examining overall functions of market place. For doing survey and analysing, it is helpful for
monitoring and supervising their customers demand towards company products. It will assist in
giving huge opportunities and benefits from target the large market place for maximising their
income and profitability in easy manner.
Impact of changes on organisation's strategy and operations- Changes is one of the
most essential factor which assist in improving firm's strategies and policies and understand
working approaches as per their market demand and requirements. With this procedures,
company can facing different challenges and danger that assist in acquiring various competitive
advantages in easy manner. There are various changes which provide risk taking abilities which
is not only for organisation as well as their employees. With the help of this process, company
making different decisions for various strategies that can help in performing particular activities
for an enterprise to analyse their future goals and objectives.
P2 Ways in which internal and external drivers of changes impact on leadership, group and
individual behaviour in an organisation
For an organisation leadership, team management and individual gives their services and
facilities for gaining desired goals and objectives in effective manner. In this procedures, internal
and external factor of business are directly affect on their decision making concept. For
requirement of business, they require to manage their activities according to their effective
strategy and planning process in effective manner (Carrington, Deppeler and Moss, 2010).
Business organisation like Marks and Spencer & PRIMARK both are essential for utilising their
resources and methods which can help in achieving desired goals and targets. Internal and
external factors of business will affect on leadership, teamwork and individual approach of
working in the firm. There are different factors of external changes which directly or indirectly
affect on their business activities and functions, leadership, teamwork and individual that are as
under:
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Customers led drivers – There are such changes which are based on customers needs
and modification in trends and fashion. For this, it is essential that an individual, group, team and
leaders of staff members perform work in effective manner which provide accurate services to
their customers as per their actual demand and wants.
Technology led drivers – For an organisation, it is necessary that they can use or adopt
modern technological methods and tools which assist them in gaining high level of profitability
in easy manner (Doppelt, 2017). With the help of this procedures, staff members of company
required training and development programs for using advanced technology in appropriate and
easy way.
(Source- Internal and External Sources of Changes, 2018)
Rivals led drivers – For Marks and Spencer & PRIMARK, this is essential for
developing and making their effective strategies and policies which help in facing with their
tough competitors in the market place. Also they can create various strategies such as cost
management, product promotion and quality based services or facilities which assist them in
improving their image in large market area.
Investor led drivers – An organisation has investors who will help in giving them
appropriate services which are related to money terms and also assist in improving their
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Illustration 1: Internal and External Sources of Changes

reputation within the firm. They also provide huge amount of capital and finances for leading in
large competitive market place in easy manner.
(Source- Rick, 2011)
There are different internal aspects which directly affect on their business functions and
activities, teams, leadership and individual that are as under:
 Strength – The major strength of company is their employees, methods, techniques,
products and quality which assist them in acquiring high profitability in proper manner.
These are provide valuable and effective services for reaching with firm's current and
future goals. It is required for company is to improving their services of quality and price
of each goods for attracting large number of customers towards organisation products and
commodities (Fagerström and Salmela, 2010). Both firm like Marks and Spencer &
PRIMARK, it is essential for maintaining and managing their enterprise values and
reputation in the huge market for attaining huge opportunities. This will also assist in
expanding their structure of business in internationally and offer services to global level.
 Weaknesses- For removing and eliminating all weakness, it is necessary for company is
to maintain their firm image in the large market place which lead towards competitions.
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Illustration 2: REASONS WHY PEOPLE RESIST CHANGE

In this procedures, effective policies and strategy, appropriate working of leaders and
team work assist them in facing all major challenges in easy manner. Sometime,
unskilled and untrained employees which became company weakness which directly
affect on their policies in negative manner (Fullan, 2014).
There are different external factors which affect on their business activities in positive
and negative manner such are as:
Political factors – Political factors are mainly depend on authorities factors and their
developing policies and process must be followed by companies. Such factors are including
various locations such as tax policy, environmental affect, tariffs, labour laws and trade
restrictions. Any type of business who need to expand their business in another location so
political factors have given major impact on them and they required to follow all rules and norms
in proper manner.
Economic factors - This that factor which are related to economic growth, interest rates,
inflation price. All such elements will create major impact on their business growth. So
economical factors assist in making appropriate decisions. On the other hand, exchange rate
directly affect on exporting products, supplying and rate of exportation goods in the economy.
Social factors - This includes population growth rate, health consciousness, cultural
factors, career attitude and age distribution. With the help of some social factors, organisation's
products will be impacted. Therefore, firm requires to changes in their administration strategies
and policies for gaining attention of large number of customers.
Technological factors – This will ascertain technological aspects such as automation,
technology inducement and rate of change in techniques and methods (Hallinger and Heck,
2011). Technological factors will find out obstacle of entry, effect of outsourcing decisions, lead
towards innovation. While firm can getting updating themselves at technological level, they have
opportunities or chances for grow internationally and improving in their business productivity.
P3 Measures which can be taken for minimising negative impact of changes in behaviour of
organisation
Sometime, modification in organisation can directly affect on their process and specific
working surroundings. In such procedures, it is the main duty and responsibility of company
manager is to manage and maintain their business activities for employees and their customers.
For this, they can easily eliminate their negative impact in easy manner. So changes will affect
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on their different business functions in positive and negative way. Positive alteration giving them
higher growth and movability and negative changes required for reducing and overcoming by
managers strategies and developing effective planning (Malenfant, 2010). There are different
factors which can minimise or reduce the negative impact of changes that are described as
follows:
Creation of direction – It is an essential factor which can reduces the barriers and
conflicts in an organisation. So they provide effective communication abilities and skills and
various learning concepts for resolving negative effects of changes within an enterprise. At some
time, leaders and teamwork of firm will provide effective path for their staff members which face
such changes in proper manner. Also such directions of company managers assist in providing
skills and knowledge to their employees for facing different firm's issues and accept changes in
better manner. This will help in improving the company productivity and profitability from target
the market.
Describe about plans – Plan and objectives is only that thing which assist in improving
their company demand and needs from their employees to getting higher success and growth in
effective manner. So company manager develop and create desired goals and objectives which
assist them in building strong image in the large market place. With the help of this procedures,
they are acquiring high competition benefits in easy manner. All such planning assist in
identifying accurate path and guidance which required to be followed for reaching with business
targets and goals. It is one major which help in giving appropriate strategies and planning for
various challenges from huge market and in competitive company.
Involvement in meetings and conference groups – This is that method and technique of
lifelong learning where a person learn various things and other factors related to different people.
An individual have their personal point of view which help them in thinking in some different
manner (Parsons and Cornett, 2011). With this procedure, an individual learn various things for
improving their knowledge and developing attributes for professional lifestyle to face different
situation easily. It is one of the best and core part of the firm because it render strength to their
base. The technology and design is the main reason behind their brand equity.
Manage planning and its execution – It is that process which help in guide their
decision maker for analysing differentiate between what is right or wrong for organisation as
well as individual. After that they required for selecting or choosing better alternative between
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them and as this result evaluate what is right for each person. This principle attempt for creating
and generating brand value for them and gives them large ration in the company which assist in
enhancing their productivity and services in effective manner. Planning of specific strategy by
company manager will assist in providing accurate guidance to their staff members related to
their upcoming goals and targets (Salmela, Eriksson and Fagerström, 2012). Such decisions are
take major duty and responsibility for protecting their employees in emotions and other damages.
It is necessary for decision maker should have very wise and smart for observing and hearing
every factors and related to particular situations after taken particular decisions as per such facts
and illustration.
Execution of way with appropriate goals and objectives – An organisation targets and
goals provide effective guidelines which required to be followed by staff members for getting
higher level of accomplishment and development in easy manner. For this, company manager
need to given them suitable training and learning for developing their skills and abilities in
proper way. An organisation major strengths is their employees who provide effective services
and contributions for achieving desired targets and goals. In this procedures, accurate skill and
knowledge will assist in providing them broad level of profitableness and productiveness.
TASK 2
P4 Various barriers for change and the way which impact leadership decision making
Changes within an organisation assist for making and creating new strategy for different
tasks. In this procedure, firm leaders help in giving appropriate direction and path to their staff
employees. Leadership is that quality of single person who provide them effective services to an
organisation for achieving future and current goals or objectives in easy manner. An enterprise
leaders will making positive modifications in the present working environment for motivating
their colleagues towards effective goals and objectives in proper way (Suchman, 2011). Decision
making procedures is based on positive changes in their staff members and on its working
concepts, so that they can reduce conflicts and barriers within large working place.
Lack of employees participation- This is negative factor of firm where all level of
employees does not show the interest for involve in various activities and functions of the
business. It is that process which affect in negative manner regarding their organisation's
working approaches. It is necessary for company is to show their interest in different working
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concept due to this managers acquired new thoughts and ideas of staff members for specific task
or work. This can be seen as working approach of employees which assist in developing and
building positive image of organisation at large market place. With this process, they can easily
facing various strategies and policies within an enterprise that related to their business activities
and functions in proper manner.
Lack of effective communication- For leaders of an organisation, it is essential for
developing and building positive relation with their employees as well as their customers. In
such procedure, effective and creative communication abilities assist in developing and making
employees interaction with each other. It will help them in making effective teams for reducing
workload with the help of a person and communicate their creative ideas and thoughts to each
other in easy way (Anderson and Anderson, 2010). After this approach, company employees can
easily face different negative and positive changes in the company and dealing with effectively
manner. With the assistance of this process, it is the main duty and responsibility of firm and
their leaders for providing accurate data and information regarding different changes which they
are adopted or used.
Bad civilisation planning- In an business enterprise, it is essential for developing and
building positive working environment for their staff members who willing for doing work and
also help in making improvement in productivity in easy manner. A leaders require to make
different decisions and improving working approaches in effectively. In this procedures, they
need to conduct effective communication skills, training process of their attribute development
which face various challenges. In an organisation, team and management provide operational and
functional performance of the firm so they require for building efficiency with the help of
training and development process in effective manner.
Complexities- It is that factor which can directly affect on organisation in negative way
because different decision of manager and leader will create and make difficulty in their decision
that can hard to be understand by staff members. In such procedures, firm need to use and adopt
various strategies for minimising and overcoming them from staff members and administration.
Such difficulties and troubles can negatively affect on their business functions and activities at
working place.
Self efficiency perception and resistance to modification- For an enterprise, it is
important for reducing disputes and barriers from heir firm which can take lot of time for
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