Understanding Race and Racism: Intersectionality and Social Inequality

This essay delves into the multifaceted issues of race and racism, highlighting how these concepts are socially constructed and contribute to various forms of discrimination. It examines the intersectionality of race with sexuality, gender, and class, illustrating how these factors combine to create uni...Read More

Race and Racism

‘Race’ and Racism – any respect related to module
The UN human rights experts group reject the support of UK government report into racism
and ethnic disparities within the country. In regard of this, the commission on race and ethnic
disparities was set up by the government after the black lives matter anti-racism protest erupted.
The human rights experts also said that in their report that dubious evidence tends to make
claims to rationalise white supremacy by considering the familiar arguments which they always
justify the racial hierarchy.
Racism has been raised from the concept of race as it the historical context that has suitable
benefits over the certain categories (Byrne and et. al., 2020). It is the social construction that
represent the form of classifications considering the skin colour, ethnic background, traditional
values and so on. This terms are undertaken as the curse that impact the conflicts, slavery, wars,
legal codes and many more. For example, the New Zealand massacre is considered as the
notorious example of hateful racism in west. Further, Australian terrorists has committed the
massacre in New Zealand at the mosque in which weapons like writings, symbols and so on
represent the extreme hatred of Australians against Muslims. Apart from this, race has been
classified on the grounds of sexuality, classes and gender that are discussed as:
Sexuality: It is related with sexual orientation in which one person chooses things as there
are several countries that does not provide legal protection to this factor and also undertake it as
illegal. An individual who is homosexual who is attracted towards the same sex is also neglected
and consider themselves socially unacceptable (Adebowale and Rao, 2020). They are also
deprived of the suitable fundamental rights that has been homosexual and also consider as the
taboo in several developed nations.
Gender: It is the biological factor of an individual that make them different in terms of
males and females (Gao and Sai, 2021). Presently, transgender is also given as the legal factor in
which the third factor comprising suitable features of both man and woman. For this, most of the
nation provide suitable significance to male in which the areas of male dominating. For this,
female is being neglected in several sectors of economy and transgender are not considered by
many organisations and the society.
Class: In this an individual is judged and categorised on the grounds of upper, middle and
lower class. It is undertaken as the suitable result of unequal distribution of income and low
employment rate within the country. Moreover, the influence is that people who belong to the

lower level are treated as very badly meanwhile, the upper classes are treated as the most
influential and powerful that makes them socially acceptable.
Sexuality and gender discrimination is the part that comes under race. For this, the
intersection among the gender, class, sexual orientation and other factors are at risk of poor self-
rated health. It also identifies at the one category within the society that have salience over each
and every person that increases the axis of inequalities among human beings. Because of these
interaction, people face race, gender and other discrimination.
On that basis, their social location and biological features that depict the structure of living
standard of people in the society. For instance, the person belongs to the same race that may
experience race in a different manner because of the difference in location in the class structure
as professional managerial class, unemployed and many more (De Noronha, 2019). Despite from
this, the gender identity of an individual has several dimensions of identity that reflects every
single part of several societal groups. By which these process, intersectionality is considered as
the first time when they use feminist movements for grasping the experiences of people who
were discriminated because of colour and so on.
This term has been conceptualised in the sense of intersection of suitable meaning and
consequences like discrimination, privilege and so on that are concerned with the membership
and several societal groups. This factor leads to impact the systematic factor of individuals and
also undertake their cultural background that undertake race, ethnicity and capability of class,
gender, sexual identify and so on (Phillips and et. al., 2020). Further, the overall structure of
sexuality is different because of heterosexual, bisexual or homosexual and the intersection of
these terminologies depict the overall experience of gender that are sexualised, racialized and
classed undertaking the overall experience of class.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Adebowale, V. and Rao, M., 2020. Racism in medicine: why equality matters to everyone.
Byrne, B and et. al., 2020. Ethnicity, Race and Inequality in the UK: State of the Nation (p. 316).
De Noronha, L., 2019. Deportation, racism and multi-status Britain: immigration control and the
production of race in the present. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 42(14), pp.2413-2430.
Gao, G. and Sai, L., 2021. Opposing the toxic apartheid: The painted veil of the COVID‐19
pandemic, race and racism. Gender, Work & Organization, 28, pp.183-189.
Phillips, C and et. al., 2020. Dear British criminology: Where has all the race and racism
gone?. Theoretical Criminology, 24(3), pp.427-446.