Analyzing Care Needs: Health and Social Care for Specific Needs

This report delves into the multifaceted aspects of health and social care, focusing on individuals with specific needs. It begins by defining key concepts such as disability, illness, and behavior, and then explores how perceptions of these concepts have evolved over time. The report examines the impact of legislation, social policy, society, and culture on the support available to individuals. It analyzes the care needs of individuals, discusses current support systems and available services, and evaluates various approaches and intervention strategies. The report also addresses challenging behavior, outlining potential impacts and effective management strategies. The report uses a case study of a woman named Hannah to illustrate the concepts, and it aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the challenges and opportunities within the health and social care landscape.

Understanding Specific
Needs in Health and
Social Care

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Concept of disability, illness and behaviour in relation to health and social care for service
users.............................................................................................................................................1
1.2 How perception of specific needs changed with time...........................................................2
1.3 Impact of legislation, social policy, society and culture on ways that available to
individuals...................................................................................................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
2.1 Analyse the care needs of individuals with specific needs...................................................3
2.2 Current systems for supporting individuals with specific need............................................5
2.3 Services available for individuals with specific needs..........................................................5
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
3.1 Approaches and interventions available to support individuals with specific needs............6
3.2 Effectiveness of intervention strategies for an individual with specific need.......................7
3.3 Potential impact of emerging developments on support of individuals with specific needs 8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................9
4.1 Different concept of challenging behaviour..........................................................................9
4.2 Potential impact of challenging behaviour on health and social care organisation............10
4.3 Strategies for working with challenging behaviour............................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
There are some individuals who requires extra care and help for conducting their
operations because they are suffering from disability and any other health issues. Hence it is
essential to understand their demand and provide them appropriate environment. People
suffering from mental and physical disorder requires special help through which they can
perform routine activities and can be competent to external market. This report is based on case
study of Hannah. She is lady suffering from fascial weakness and learning disability with
weakness in all limbs. There is requirement of special facilities through which she can achieve
good goals in future. In this report, there is discussion about different perceptions of health,
disability illness and behaviour of individual, impact of health and social care services support
individuals with specific needs, approaches and intervention strategies which supports candidate
with specific need, strategies which assist to deal with challenging behaviour.
TASK 1
1.1 Concept of disability, illness and behaviour in relation to health and social care for service
users
Concept is defined as a thought or ides which is drive from a particular occurrences or
instances that help in developing understanding (Thompson, 2015). Health is the stage of body
which is free from illness and injurious and able to perform their actions in better and effective
manner. Illness is the stage of mind which is not positive for the performing business operations.
Behaviour is the nature which is performed by individuals in front of others. When individual is
suffering from physical or mental illness, then there are possibilities that they do not perform
actions well and this makes challenging behaviour for individuals. It is important to
communicate with them politely and calmly, so they can perform business operations in effective
and relevant manner. Due to illness, candidates are not able to understand what is right and
wrong behind conducing specific operations. There are two standards of disability i.e. primary
and secondary standards of disability.
Primary standards of disability refers to some deficit which occur in functionality of
individuals because of permanent brain injury. This affects educational life of individuals
because they are not able to learn and implement in properly as per case of Hannah. This disease
is measured through general intelligence, reading, vocabulary, spelling, mathematics, etc.
1

Secondary standards of disability is not the result of brain disease. But this is important to
presume and make strategies through which prevention of understanding can be taken (Riekert,
Ockene and Pbert, 2013). There are different categories due to which secondary disability is
arised i.e. mental health issues, confinement, trouble with law, drugs or alcohol problem, etc.
Due to this problem, individual is dependent on someone other and not able to perform actions in
driving, employment, etc.
MEDICAL MODEL
Medical model is the model which is related to health which assist in detected through
systematic and relevant manner. This is the model through which business operations are
accepted and conducted as per standard format. There are three criticism of this model i.e.
 It supports false notion of dualism in health.
 This focus on biological and psychological issue and weaknesses. It assist paternalism rather than medication.
SOCIAL MODEL
Social model is disability which arise because of social reason. There is no reason of
individual's impairment in this model. In order to deal with this model there is requirement to
overcome with social issues. With dealing with it, there is positive impact on performance of
individuals and they get free from any disability.
It is recommended to that people must not be criticises despite of weakness they have as
it creates disability among them. Apart from this health care centres must provide a friendly
environment where patients can be kept with due care and feel happy while they are having
treatment in particular care centre.
1.2 How perception of specific needs changed with time
As compared to older days, there are more changes taking place in health and social care.
It is important to understand changes which are specific and relevant in accordance to current
environment. Perception refers to the mindset fixed for some specific topic or objective which is
developed through the process of memorising and then interpreting the sensory stimuli (Poteat,
German and Kerrigan, 2013). There are many different government policies such as establishing
different societies and organisations, making new rules and regulation for providing them
satisfaction. There are different NGO's and other organisations which works for uplifting
position of disable people. In 16th century, Christians have view that handicapped and disable
2

people have to controlled by spirits. So they are bind by rituals and religious factors of society.
In 19th century there was restriction over working of poor and disable people (D'andrea and et.
al., 2012). So they become dependent on their and their actions are not relevant in current market
trends. In 21th century, trend change and policies are framed to improve condition of disable
people. In this era, there is change and improvisation of legislation and legal aspects such as
change in beliefs and attitude.
(Source: Public health action model, 2019)
With change in time, there is difference in perception of individuals which affects quality
of services and other demand also gets changed. As per above mentioned diagram it is clear that
there are some drivers such as collaboration, innovative, etc. which affects perception of patients
and their relatives. There are foundation principles which are the reasons for change in
perception i.e. behavioural change, dissemination or implementation and lastly evaluation.
There are some recommendations through which different aspects performance of health
care organisation can be improved. There must be more friendly and familiar environment with
which individuals feel satisfied and they are motivated to learn different things (Connell, 2012).
There must be regular social activities through which they can learn about different culture and
ethical values. For future improvements, managers of disability trust have to create awarenesses
about external environment among employees, so they can educate clients.
3
Illustration 1: Public health action model

1.3 Impact of legislation, social policy, society and culture on ways that available to individuals
Legislation refers to the legal norms and code of conduct which has to followed as legal
bindings. There are different rules and regulations which has to be followed for considered by
health and social care organisations for betterment of candidates (Hayek, 2012). If health and
social organisation does not consider these aspects, then there are possibilities of legal
boundations. Some acts are discussed as under-
Equality act, 2010- Equality act was enacted in 2010 providing knowledge about
maintaining and getting equal rights to consumers at same designation. This is the act which
covers different aspects which is important to maintain equality at workplace (Moorhead and et.
al., 2013). This act assist in improving situation through which individuals can get equal rights
and have strengthening position in organisation. Advantage of equity act is there is equality
among workers and this makes environment of disability trust positive, hence consumers are able
to get friendly environment. While disadvantage is that in case of change in policies and features,
then this affects core organisations of non profitability organisation.
Data protection act, 2018- This is third generation act which was launched on 25th May
2018 for making policies for more modernisation of regulations. There are many patients at
health and social care organisation having different goals. So it is important to maintain proper
record of clients and use it for official purpose only. There must not be misuse of it.
With implementing this act at Disability Trust or Prince Trust Hannah feels satisfied and
she is able to achieve her goals without any problem of getting impersonal. While disadvantage
is this binds organisations to use personal information and they are not able to plan some
personal occasions for Hannah.
It is recommended that in case of implementing these polices and act, there is
requirement of expertise personnel who provides knowledge about up- gradations and then
making policies in order to understand complete task.
89105
TASK 2
2.1 Analyse the care needs of individuals with specific needs
Care needs refers to the treatment which individual requires through which treatment is
provided in order to deal with their physical and mental health. Hannah is the lady suffering from
4

facial weakness and weakness in limbs. So they requires services and facilities to deal with it
(DePoy and Gitlin, 2013). There are different needs of clients at Disability Trust and Prince's
Trust such as Hannah has interest in cookery and other handicraft work, so these needs has to be
evaluated by management of health care, then policies has to be framed accordingly (Foust,
Vuckovic and Henriquez, 2012).
Mobility needs- There is requirement of support and care when individual is suffering
from physical injury. As per case study of Hannah, she is suffering from weakness in limbs due
to which individual face issue in walking from one place to another.
Learning need- Learning needs refers to the requirement through which individual is
able to understand what is wrong and right for them. With this need Hannah is able to perform
actions in better and effective manner.
Physiological needs- These are the needs which are required by individuals to survive. In
this needs, basis needs i.e. food, shelter, water are included which is provided to individual who
are suffering from physical or mental health issue.
Psychological and emotional needs- Psychological is the need in which something is
required in particular mindset of individual. With considering this, satisfaction can be achieved.
As per case of Hannah, she also wants to have good living standards with understanding changes
taking place in society. Emotional needs refers to emotional attachment of individuals from
others. Hannah is suffering from physical ill- health, so in this case they requires love and
affection from family and friends.
Care needs:- It is defined as the treatment that a particular person require in order to
deal with their mental as well as physical issue that they are facing. Hannah requires care need as
she is a busy lady and suffering from facial weakness and weakness of limbs. The care need
further includes needs like:
 Felt need:- It refers to the changes which are deemed necessary for some people in order
to correct the deficiencies that they are perceives within the community. Hannah is facing
weakness of limbs which make it deficient in front of community and she requires to
changes.
 Comparative need:- This type of need is present when two groups with similar
characteristics doesn't receive similar product or services. In case of Hannah, she is
5

suffering from weakness of limbs and as a result of which she is not getting a healthier
life as compare to others as a result of which her comparative needs are relatively higher.
 Expressed needs and Normative needs:- Expressed need is one where people put what
they want to achieve into action fro its accomplishment. On the other side normative need
refers to the normative need is one which get identified according to the norms or set
standards. As per the case of Hannah, she expressed her need of getting improvement in
health and for this she get connected with two institutes.
Maslow's Need of Hierarchy can be used to evaluate needs of individuals. In this model
different needs are evaluated on the basis of levels of needs. These levels are discussed as under-
(Source- Maslow's Need hierarchy Theory, 2018)
Physiological need- This is the need which is basic such as home, shelter, food, etc. At
Disability trust and Prince's Trust, there must be proper basic facilities so they are ready to reside
there.
6
Illustration 2: Maslow's Need hierarchy Theory

Safety and security Need- After satisfaction of basic need, Hannah's safety need has to be
consider such as in the health and social care centres, Hannah should be provided with due care
and safety such as safety in the premises from any type of danger (Moldan, Janoušková and Hák,
2012).
Social need- In the following level of need, Hannah could be provided with a good
environment that will not make her to feel alone (Bourke and et. al., 2012). For example, the
employees of Disability Trust and Prince's Trust should be of friendly nature that create positive
feeling in the mindset of patients.
Esteem need- In this level of Maslow's theory, the consideration is taken about the
respect to be provided at the health and social care premises to patients. For example, Hannah
should be treated like all other patients in the health care centres as all the patients are given
equal and due importance.
Self- actualisation need- At last in hierarchy there is need of self actualisation. This is
the need which is different as per individual. As per case of Hannah, she uses wheel chair but her
dreams never assorted due to it. Hence this need gets changed with time to time after achieving
some specific needs.
With the help of Maslow's Need hierarchy theory, it is easy to know which level of need
has to evaluated. With understanding level of need, it is easy to make policies and then make
policies which are specific to make them satisfied and achieve goals. Hence it is recommended to
the employees of disability trust and prince trust to understand demand of consumers and
accordingly provide them best. As services are provided according to demand of consumers, then
their family members are satisfied and there is positive impact on their health as well.
2.2 Current systems for supporting individuals with specific need
System is defined as set of things that are working together as a part of an interconnected
network by following a set of principle and procedures (Korda and Itani, 2013). There are many
changes which is specific and relevant in context of health and social care. With considering
different rules and regulations there are some system which assist to make policies in order to
satisfy specific needs.
Governmental policies- There are different policies such as education, travelling
facilities, etc. through which disable people get equal rights and they can take their stand. These
policies has to be abide by health and social care centres.
7

Non- governmental policies- there are some non governmental policies which are framed
by Disability trust or Prince's trust through which they can provide more satisfaction to clients.
This assist in uplifting living standards and make them independent (Hankivsky, 2012).
Apart from these policies, there are some systems as well such as police, national social
service authorities, etc. Police is the legal authority which is bias in case of Hannah because they
are bound by legal regulations to reduce chances of crime and criminal activities. National Social
Service is the legal association which works for social growth and development of disable people
and fight for their rights (Beard and Bloom, 2015). With the help of these centres and their
policies, disable and mentally ill people get full right in society. So it is recommended that
managers of health and social care organisations must have complete and relevant information
about different policies. When there is change in official policy, then they it has to be
implemented to maintain positive working in organisation.
2.3 Services available for individuals with specific needs
Specific Needs or Services could be defined as the special services which are not
provided to other individuals are considered as the specific needs. These are provided to the
individual looking upon the condition whether the patient requires and special treatment or not
(Bisschoff and Clapton, 2014).
The health and social care services are evaluated in the Greenwich Borough in London. It
is a borough of England situated on the banks of river. This borough is known for its National
Maritime Museum and the Classical buildings of the Old Royal Naval College.
As compared to other borough of London, the health care services provided in this
borough are relatively good as compared to other service provider. These health care centres not
only look on their physical and mental condition but also focuses on the environment in which
they are dealing. When consumer get services such as basis education to do their routine work,
medication facilities, familiar environment, etc. With getting proper medication facility,
consumers are able to deal with their issue and conduct operations properly. When positive and
familiar environment is maintained at Greenwich then there is development of confidence among
consumers and they are able to represent themselves in front of others (DePoy and Gitlin, 2013).
These services are considered better as the consideration about the environment which
impacts the most on the health of an individual or patient is taken into care. This advantage could
8

not be seen in other health care centres. The disadvantage is related to the lack of availability of
staff in these health care centres.
The possible improvements could be made in the number of staff availability in the health
care centres which will improve the working of these health care centres. There are many
changes which are specific and relevant for Hannah in order to make her in competent to other
individuals. Hence when there are innovative activities through which they can communicate
with other with same confidence and able to make their living standard raised.
TASK 3
3.1 Approaches and interventions available to support individuals with specific needs
Approaches are the wider term which are used in order to decide about the ways with the
help which the a work could be accomplished by an individual or group of individuals (England
and et. al., 2012).
Interventions can be defined as the term which works as an act of inserting in between
two things. For example, it can be said that an individual coming in between two or more
individuals is working as an “intervention”. In health care, is is the act performed on behalf of a
person in order to make improvement in the health or body functioning of an individual (DePoy
and Gitlin, 2013).
There are many approaches and interventions which are used in order to help out the
suffering people by fulfilling their needs and requirements.
Looking upon the condition of Hannah, who is suffering from cerebral palsy in which the
movements of the body becomes hard and stops at the initial stage itself which creates problem
for the individual who is suffering from this disease. Additionally, the disease was also related to
the fascial weakness of Hannah along with the learning disability with weaknesses in all limbs.
This has created much problem for Hannah in completing the day to day activities. However,
Hannah did not stopped working at all but still these problems by her are faced regularly and on
daily basis. So for the improvement in her condition, she needs proper support so that her health
could be recovered (Beard and Bloom, 2015). The soft approach to providing support to
fulfilling the need and requirements of an individual could be applied in this situation which is
described as under:
9

Community Care: In the following approach, the individual gets proper care and support from
the community or society in which he or she is living. The neighbours could make sure about her
health so that the improvement in her condition could be made.
Self Help Groups: There are also some self help groups that provides services to the needed
individual who needs health and support care. So Hannah could also take help from those
groups.
The Intervention available to support individuals to support individuals with specific needs and
help are discussed as under:
Physical Interventions: The focus is on the suitable activities and therapies that helps the
patient. In this intervention, the individual is provided with the needed help which could help in
the improvement of her health.
Psychological Intervention: In this intervention, the focus is made on the mental
condition of the individual as the patient is provided with metal care in order to make
improvement in the mental health of the individual. This will help in making improvement in the
condition of Hannah such as recovery from the Cerebral Palsy.
Professional intervention:- In this type of intervention the main emphasis put on the
advancing the professional preparation which suits the level of inability involve in current
practices. It serves for suiting the working and procurement of vocation for an autonomous life.
Hence it would be helpful in improving the current situation of Hannah so that patient would be
able to recover from Cerebral Palsy.
It is recommended to Hannah to take services of the self help groups so that they could
provide Hannah wit the best services in order to make improvement in her mental and physical
condition.
3.2 Effectiveness of intervention strategies for an individual with specific need
Intervention Strategies could be defined as the combination of program elements or
strategies designed to produce the behaviour of changes or improve health status among
individuals or an entire population (Bachmann and et. al., 2013). However, these are very
effective in order to provide the individual or patient wit the long lasting improvement in the
health. Every intervention has its own importance as the physical is needed in case of any
external injury to the patient, psychological intervention will be helpful in case of medical
treatment to provided to the patient. In the disadvantages of these interventions, these are not
10