A Comprehensive Essay: The Big History of the Universe

This essay presents a comprehensive overview of the Big History of the Universe, commencing with the Big Bang and tracing the evolution through various stages. It explores the initial conditions of the universe, the formation of stars and galaxies, and the emergence of life from non-living matter. The essay details the development of Earth and the conditions that supported the evolution of life, including the Eoarchean period and the earliest forms of life. Furthermore, it addresses the challenges facing humanity in the present era, such as pollution and diseases, while emphasizing the constant changes within the universe and the importance of proactive measures to ensure a sustainable future. The essay draws on scientific concepts such as stellar nucleosynthesis and nebular theory and references key academic sources to support its arguments.

Running head: A BIG HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSE
A BIG HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSE
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1A BIG HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSE
The world is constantly changing. Change is considered to be one of the major patterns of
theme, which is being followed by the history of the world as it is constantly changing, without
being fixed. The main purpose of the essay is to understand the change that took place on the
earth from the time before the emergence of life, the effect on the earth after the development of
life and finally, about the human world.
Before the formation of life on the universe, the universe was considered to be an
unlimited extension of a material which is characterized by being ultra-hot. It was persisting in a
consistent state until the formation of the big bang (Downes and Nunes 2013). It can be said that
the universe emerged from the singularity before which there was no existence of space and that
of the time. Since nothing happened before the big bang, the big bang is considered as the
standard from which the time originated. The emergence of life from that of the non-living
matter is not a result of a single process; it is a result of an evolution of enhancing complexity
that tends to incorporate the molecular self- duplication, self- assemblage, the autocatalysis and
the occurrence of the cell sheaths. A various scientist is of the idea that various forms of pre-life
chemical reactions are the reasons behind the emergence of life. It is being said that before the
emergence of life on the earth, it consisted of mainly the hydrogen, helium, lithium, which
together helped in the formation of the stars. These stars came together to form the stellar
nucleosynthesis. These stars rejected heavier materials like carbon dioxide, which together
formed the rocky spheres and other forms of surfaces. However, according to the nebular theory,
the creation and that of the development of the solar system began of about 4.6 billion years ago
with the gravitational breakdown of the small sector of a giant molecular cloud. It is being said
that the majority of the failing mass got composed in that of the middle, which helped in the
formation of the sun. On the other hand, the rest compressed into a protoplanetary floppy out of

2A BIG HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSE
which the spheres, moons, asteroids, and other forms of the planetary system were being formed.
On the other hand, it is to be noted that about 4.5 million years ago, the earth was very much
inhospitable to any living organisms. It is on the basis of the various observations that have been
conducted and even of the studies related to the geological scale of time; the Hadean earth is
assumed to have a subordinate form of the atmosphere that is formed through the degassing of
the mainstays that collected from the planetesimal impactors (Brown 2012). In the beginning, it
was being thought that the atmosphere of the earth consists of the compounds of the hydrogen-
like that of the ammonia, methane, and that of the water vapor. It was being believed that life
began under such limited circumstances which are favorable to the development of the particles
which are organic in nature (Finkelstein 2013)The existence of life existed of about 3.5 billion
years ago during the time of the Eoarchean period when the adequate amount of the crust had
solidified in accordance with the molten Hadean Eon. The evidence of the earliest form of life
includes the microfossils in the Nuvvuagittuq Greenstone Belt of Northern Quebec (Jheeta 2017)
However, since the changes are constantly progressing, humans are facing great problems in the
present situation like that of air pollution, water pollution. Various diseases have also emerged.
Since the universe follows the pattern of change, the human is most likely to go through
various changes in the upcoming future. However, the right steps must be initiated in the present
times so that the future generation can live happily without any disturbances.

3A BIG HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSE
References
Brown, C.S., 2012. Big history: From the big bang to the present. The New Press.
Downes, L. and Nunes, P., 2013. Big bang disruption. Harvard business review, pp.44-56.
Finkelstein, S.L., Papovich, C., Dickinson, M., Song, M., Tilvi, V., Koekemoer, A.M., Finkelstein, K.D.,
Mobasher, B., Ferguson, H.C., Giavalisco, M. and Reddy, N., 2013. A galaxy rapidly forming stars 700
million years after the Big Bang at redshift 7.51. Nature, 502(7472), pp.524-527.
Jheeta, S., 2017. The landscape of the emergence of life. Life, 7(2), p.27.