Urine Formation Process: Biology Report on Kidney Function, Semester 1

This report delves into the process of urine formation, beginning with glomerular filtration, where solutes and water are filtered from the blood into the nephron tubule within the Bowman’s capsule. The report then discusses tubular reabsorption, highlighting how essential substances like proteins, glucose, and ions are reabsorbed into the bloodstream from the filtrate. It explains the secretion process, where waste substances move from the blood into the renal tubule. Finally, the report addresses the role of the antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in regulating water reabsorption in the collecting duct, emphasizing how blood concentration affects ADH release and, consequently, water excretion. The report references key sources like Field, Pollock, & Harris (2011) and Tortora & Derrickson (2018) to support its findings.

Running head: URINE FORMATION PROCESS 1
Urine Formation Process
Name
Institutional Affiliation

URINE FORMATION PROCESS 2
Urine Formation Process
The process of urine formation starts with the glomerular filtering solutes and water
from the blood and moving them into the nephron tubule through the capillary wall. The
process is called glomerular filtration and it occurs in the glomerular corpuscle or the
Bowman’s capsule. The blood pressure in the capillaries causes the water and other
substances too move the capsules through the filtration membrane (Field, Pollock, & Harris,
2011).
In the second stage, the useful substances and water are then moved into the blood
through the process of tubular reabsorption. The filtrate from the blood contains substances
required by the body such as proteins, glucose, ions and amino acids. The process takes place
as the the substances move from the peritubular capillary into the nephron tubule. The filtrate
moved into the renal tubule, and useful substances and water are reabsorbed into the adjacent
capillaries through the wall of the tube (Tortora & Derrickson, 2018).
The substances and water that is not filtered or reabsorbed into the blood are moved
through the renal tubule. At the same time, waste substances from the blood are passed from
the capillaries through the renal tubule in the secretion proces (Tortora & Derrickson, 2018).
The last stage entails the reabsorption of water from the collecting duct, which is controlled
through the antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which increases the permeability to water. The
increased concentration of the blood trigger the release of more ADH from the posterior
pituitary glands, and when the blood becomes less concentrated, the ADH production is
reduces. The increased concentration of urine reduces excretion of water (Tortora &
Derrickson, 2018).

URINE FORMATION PROCESS 3
References
Field, M. J., Pollock, C., & Harris, D. (2011). The Renal System E-Book: Systems of the Body
Series. Churchill Livingstone
Tortora, G. J., & Derrickson, B. H. (2018). Principles of anatomy and physiology. John
Wiley & Sons.