UWB Communication: Transceiver Design & Implementation Project

This project details the design and implementation of a transceiver for ultra wideband (UWB) communication. The project explores the characteristics of UWB-IR, highlighting its advantages for wireless sensor networks and RFID applications. The primary objective was to design a software radio transceiver for impulse-based UWB, capable of transmitting data at 100 Mbps. The design incorporates reconfigurable digital receivers and utilizes software radio techniques for BPSK modulation and digital leading edge detection (DLED) receiver topologies. MATLAB SIMULINK was used for baseband processing analysis. The project involved generating 500 picosecond Gaussian pulses, simulating the system with an AWGN channel, and addressing issues related to UWB test simulation and data rate selection. The collaborative effort with the project supervisor ensured the effective completion of the project and testing of functionalities. The student effectively applied their knowledge of telecommunications networking, routing, switching, and MATLAB skills to achieve the project goals, contributing to a compact transceiver design for UWB communication.

CE 3.1 Project Information
Name of the Project Designing of Transceiver for Ultra Wideband
Communication
Location of the project Please fill
Project Duration Please fill
Organization Please fill
Role and Designation
during the time
Chief Networking Engineer
CE 3.2 Project Background
CE 3.2.1 Characteristics of the project
The ultra wideband impulse radio or UWB-IR comprises of some of the major
advantages and hence is termed as one of the greatest solutions to the future wireless sensor
networks or WSN as well as RFID or radio frequency identification. The technique of ultra
wideband impulse radio comprises of the core possibility to achieve the respective data rate
and hundreds of meter operation range and accuracy of the positioning. Moreover, the low
cost implementation is yet another important feature of this ultra wideband impulse radio.
During the execution of this project, I majorly focused on the software radio transceiver
designing for the core purpose of impulse based UWB and has the capability of transmitting
the data rate of around 100 Mbps; hence I encompassed the flexibility of the reconfigurable-
digital receivers. I generated the 500 picoseconds wide Gaussian pulse within the transmitter
by using the fast switching features of the step recovery diodes. I have also used software
radio designing to implement the BPSK modulation scheme as well as digital receiver
topologies of DLED or digital leading edge detection. For the software simulation of the
project, I have used MATLAB SIMULINK for analysing the baseband processing of

transceiver. Therefore, I have provided a compact design for the transceiver for the ultra
wideband communication.
CE 3.2.2 Objectives developed for the project
The ultra wideband communication was used since it comprises of extremely lower
energy levels for the shorter range as well as higher bandwidth communication. Moreover,
the UWB has several significant applications within the respective non-cooperative radar
images. Thus, while executing the project, the following objectives were developed by me:
 To design and implement the transceiver for the ultra wideband communication.
 To use the project for shorter range or the high bandwidth communication.
 To make the project capable for transmitting the raw data at the rate of 100 Mbps.
 To incorporate the adaptableness of the reconfigurable-digital receiver in the
transceiver.
 To utilize software radio designing for BPSK modulation scheme and digital receiver
topologies of DLED.
 To simulate the project with MATLAB SIMULINK for the analysis of baseband
processing of transceiver.
 To use AWGN channel for the 30dB signal to noise performance for making changes
in actual fabrication.
CE 3.2.3 My area of work
Since I was quite experienced during the execution of project, I was recruited as the
Chief Networking Engineer. I was selected by the supervisor as telecommunication network
was my major strength. Executing projects for ultra wideband communication was much
easier for me in comparison to other team members. Moreover, the channel and receiver

Head of the
Department
Project Supervisor
Chief Networking Engineer (Me)
Team Member Team Member
simulations were performed easily by me and thus I was able to execute my duties
effectively.
CE 3.2.4 Project Group
Figure 1: People involved in the project
CE 3.2.5 My responsibilities throughout the project
In this project, I had several important responsibilities. My major responsibility was
proposing a compact design for the transceiver for ultra wideband communications. I also had
to focus specifically on the design of software radio transceiver so that I could transmit the
raw data at the rate of 100 Mbps. I even had to encompass the adaptability of the
reconfigurable digital receivers. My other responsibilities included generating the 500
picoseconds wide Gaussian pulse after using the faster switching features of the steps
recovery diodes. I have also used the software radio designing with BPSK modulation
scheme or digital receiver topologies. I even had the responsibility of simulating the project
with MATLAB SIMULINK.

CE 3.3 Distinctive Activity
CE 3.3.1 Comprehending the Theory of Project
Regarding the theoretical study and concepts in the project, I have considered the ultra
wideband system, which has 10 db bandwidth and this was larger than 20% of the centre
frequency. I have understood that the system of UWB occupies the fractional band width of
around W/fc≥ 20%, in which W would be the specific transmission band width and fc is band
centre. I selected absolute bandwidth of 500 MHz and hence proposed a proper fractional
bandwidth.
Figure 2: UWB Signal Designing Points
Since, UWB has various advantages in both indoor and outdoor applications, I
selected this communication spectrum. Moreover, the ultra wide band antennas are eventually
modelled as the front-end pulse shaped filter for affecting the overall detection of baseband.
For the impulse response, I changed it with angle in both azimuth and elevation.

Figure 3: Spectral Mask for the Indoor Applications
I checked the paradigm shift that was required for the new concept within the new
domain and envision the signals of UWB within frequency domains. After comparing with
the time resolvable multipath, I noted that range was only 3 to 4 dB for the UWB after
contrasting with the 30 to 60 dB for narrow bands. I have obtained the multipath model on
the transient physical mechanism directly from the Maxwell equation.
For simulating the system, I have used MATLAB SIMULINK to complete the
simulation hypothesis. The simulation transceiver majorly combined the blocks that were
perfect and had some measures like error correcting method, antennas and filters.
CE 3.3.2 Engineering knowledge and skills applied in the project
My core engineering knowledge as well as skills related to the telecommunications
networking were applied by me for the proper execution of this project. Amongst them,
routing and switching are the core skills. With these skills and understanding, it was quite
easier for me to execute the project. Moreover, for the software designing purpose, I have
also applied my skill of MATLAB and completed the simulation properly. For modulation, I
have used my knowledge of QAM and BPSK as well as UWB transmitter.

CE 3.3.3 Accomplishment and Task Performed
For completing this project and accomplishing the task, I have identified the critical
points, which are required to be met by the UWB antennas. I have covered the bandwidth
band of 3.1 GHz to 5.1 GHz. Moreover, I selected pulse generator and non-dispersive ringing
to effectively preserve the pulse shapes. I even compared the radiated field and transmitted
pulse.
Figure 4: Comparison between Radiated Pulse and Transmitted Pulse
For the receiver design architecture, I have used impulse based UWB the range of 3.1
GHz to 5.1 GHz with the centre frequency of 4.1 GHz. I even completed the threshold
detection within Gaussian noise.

Figure 5: Threshold Detection in Gaussian Noise
For simulation, I used MATLAB to offer the modelling, simulating as well as
analysing of the dynamical systems. MATLAB was helpful for me for QAM/BPSK
modulation model.
CE 3.3.4 Identified issues and their solutions
3.3.4.1 Issues
UWB test simulation was quite difficulty for me. This was the first time when I have
done this simulation and thus was facing some of the major issues. I have selected other
software for simulation process. However this was providing erroneous results. The
subsequent problem was while selecting the appropriate data rate. I had selected the rate of
data transmission of 50 Mbps. This was much slower than expected and I was not getting
proper results.
3.3.4.2 Solutions

For solving each and every above mentioned problem, I suggested relevant solutions.
For the first issue, I gave the solution to use MATLAB SIMULINK for proper simulation.
After the proper utilization of this software, I was able to complete the project simulation and
obtain proper results. For the next issue, I provided the solution of using data rate
transmission of 100 Mbps and hence was able to resolve the issues.
CE 3.3.5 Plan to produce creative and innovative work
My chief plan was for to produce an advanced along with original effort by
effectively working with my project supervisor. I also subdivided my works perfectly and
then significantly ensured that I have completed every individual part with higher efficiency
and effectiveness.
CE 3.3.6 Collaborative Work
I as well as my supervisor of project have completed this work collaboratively. I have
tested the project functionalities repeatedly for the identification of the errors in this project
and finally completed the work perfectly. Besides, I also arranged various meetings for the
work with my head of the department.
CE 3.4 Project Review
CE 3.4.1 Project Overview
I have effectively ordered all the materials required for this work. I also have
documented and noted the results while integrating my experiments. I have even utilized my
understanding of analog circuit designing for making the design appropriately and perfectly. I
have also used MATLAB to simulate the software architecture in this project.

CE 3.4.2 My Contribution to work
I have effectively proposed the design of temperature controller system, since I was
the chief networking engineer. My other contribution to this project was to propose a design
for this system properly and efficiently. I also found the various flaws of the project with
proper solutions. I also compared my results with the desired results.