Visa Restrictions, Tourism, and Hotels: An Annotated Bibliography

This annotated bibliography examines the impact of visa restrictions on the tourism and hotel industries. It analyzes five articles that explore various aspects of this relationship, including the effects of visa policies on tourist travel, economic globalization, and the economic impacts of restrictions. The a...Read More

Management

Annotated Bibliography
Article 1:
Lawson, R. A., & Roychoudhury, S. (2016). Do travel visa requirements impede tourist
travel?. Journal of Economics and Finance, 40(4), 817-828.
In this article, author has given focus on the impact of visa policies on the hotel industry. By
collecting the database of different countries, it has carried out the discussion on this area. It
has stated that the visa restrictions are increasing due to the globalisation. It has also said that
the requirement of visa allows the state to exercise some control in the sense that tends to
encounter between the border crossers and control agency. It has also explained that the visa
restricted also proves to be harmful for the trade flow and foreign investment. Due to this, it
has seen the visa policies as problematic as well as ineffective sometimes.
The information contained in the article is relevant, as it has also included the data of several
countries where visa restriction has affected the growth of hotel sector. Besides this, it has
also included the viewpoint of different points on the negative effects of visa requirement.
Several facts and figures are also presented by the author that tends to affect the growth of the
hotel industries. In this way, authors are able to clarify the information contained in the
article.
Article 2:
Czaika, M., & Neumayer, E. (2017). Visa restrictions and economic globalisation. Applied
Geography, 84, 75-82.
In this article, author has undertaken the research on the visa restrictions for traveling
the world. It has outlines that the tourists face difficulty in order to obtain the visa. Due to
such restrictions, there are times travellers do not bother in order to obtain the visa. Due to
such issues, they do not want to travel and it furthers reduce the demand of hotel sectors.
Several bigger countries also do not able to attracts more visitors due to the visa requirement.
The author also discusses results by stating that the travel visa policies has affected the trade
flows.

The reliability of the article is based on the secondary research that author has done
by collecting from several countries. It has also supported the reliability of the article by
explaining the viewpoint of different people. The examples of different countries are also
provided. In this way, it has effectively carried out the research on the visa restrictions. It has
effectively collected the data from around 188 countries by examining that the visa is
required or not.
Article 3:
Li, S., & Song, H. (2013). Economic impacts of visa restrictions on tourism: A case of two
events in China. Annals of Tourism Research, 43, 251-271.
The article has discussed the economic impacts of the visa restriction on the tourism.
It has followed the step by step procedure in order to explain the problem. At the starting
point, it has begun to know the impact of political, social, economic, as well as natural events
on the tourism. It has effective come to know the five sources of the crisis named
technological accidents, natural disasters, food safety, and terrorism. It is seen in the article
that visa restrictions are developed in order to enhance the appeal, profitability, as well as
awareness of the tourism destinations. Due to this, it has undertaken the study in regard to
favour of the tourism policy makers. By stating this, it has explained that the visa restriction
helps the countries in preventing the entry of terrorists. Due to this, in spite of the negative
impact on the hotel sectors, it tends to help the countries positively.
In the articles, authors have undertaken the effective research by presenting the
different viewpoints of the author. Besides this, it has also explained the articles with the help
of real life examples. The undertaking of different examples tends to ensure the reliability of
the article. In this way, it is clear that the visa do not always affects the hotel sector
negatively. There are times it tends to serve the hotel industry from several terrorists.
Article 4
Artal-Tur, A., Pallardó-López, V. J., & Requena-Silvente, F. (2016). Examining the impact of
visa restrictions on international tourist flows using panel data. Estudios de
Economía, 43(2), 265-279.
Authors in this article have undertaken the study on visa restrictions in order to limit
the entry of unwelcome travellers. It has also stated that visa also presents the several hurdles

for the travellers. By collecting the several databases, it has also stated that the restrictions on
visa also reduce the number of tourist each other. As a result of this, hotel sectors also get
negatively affected because of the decrease in the demand of their hotels. At the same time, it
has also identified that the high income countries are enjoying the decrease in the number of
visa impose to the emerging as well as less developed countries.
The reliability of this article can be evaluated by the presence of several data
regarding the number of tourist. It has also supported each of its information with the data
and secondary research. Therefore, author has done the secondary research in order to
support its study.
Article 5:
Mau, S., Gülzau, F., Laube, L., & Zaun, N. (2015). The global mobility divide: How visa
policies have evolved over time. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 41(8),
1192-1213.
In this article, author has identified that the importance of visa policies for controlling
and regulating the global flow of people. it has also presented the challenges that are present
due to the changes in the visa policies. It has stated that the resources are also scarce that also
presents the visa restrictions. It states that the prevention of unwanted people presents the
threat to the wealth, security as well as identity of the country. Due to the increasing visa
restrictions, people started taking it as waste of time, due to this, hotel industries are affecting
on a huge basis. In addition to this, it has also underlined the significance of visa for
improving the status of country.
Author has done the secondary research on this article by presenting the viewpoints of
different authors regarding the visa restriction. It has also provided the evidence in regard of
the visa policies. In addition to this, it has also provided the several examples where
usefulness of visa policies can be found.

References
Lawson, R. A., & Roychoudhury, S. (2016). Do travel visa requirements impede tourist
travel?. Journal of Economics and Finance, 40(4), 817-828.
Czaika, M., & Neumayer, E. (2017). Visa restrictions and economic globalisation. Applied
Geography, 84, 75-82.
Li, S., & Song, H. (2013). Economic impacts of visa restrictions on tourism: A case of two
events in China. Annals of Tourism Research, 43, 251-271.
Artal-Tur, A., Pallardó-López, V. J., & Requena-Silvente, F. (2016). Examining the impact of
visa restrictions on international tourist flows using panel data. Estudios de
Economía, 43(2), 265-279.
Mau, S., Gülzau, F., Laube, L., & Zaun, N. (2015). The global mobility divide: How visa
policies have evolved over time. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 41(8), 1192-
1213.