Understanding Visitor Attractions: A Comprehensive Report

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Understanding Visitor Attractions
Management
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Table of Contents
Introduction....................................................................................................................................................3
LO1 Understand the scope and importance of visitor attractions..................................................................4
LO2 Understand visitor types, impacts and tourist motivation theories........................................................5
LO3 Understand issues affecting the development process in visitor attraction management......................9
LO4 Understand the application of management techniques and their impact on sustainability................10
Conclusion...................................................................................................................................................13

List of figures
Figure 1: remuneration process......................................................................................................................8
Figure 2: motivation process..........................................................................................................................8
Figure 3: Maslow's Theory of Motivation.....................................................................................................9

Introduction
The report provides the learning of the management which plays an essential role in attracts the visitors
and makes the innovative changes in the service to maintain long-term customers in the company. The
report based on the scope and importance of the management which attracts the visitors in the company.
There are various types of important points which is the highlighted area of the visitor attractions. On the
other hand, the report presents the study of the various types of visitors and their behavioral pattern in the
field of organizational growth. There are numerous types of motivational theories which plays an
essential role in the tourism and attraction of visitors in an effective way. The report also based on the
knowledge that the management of the organization must follow the proper theory of the motivation so
that the company gets the proper financial benefits in the proper way. This gives the learning of the issues
faces by the tourism organization which affects the development of the organization and also give an
impact on the management of the attraction visitors. So, the report provides the proper solution to get rid
of the issues which harm the visitor attraction management and their working efficiency. Alternatively,
the report provides the learning of the various types of strategies that make the analysis on the visitor’s
management in an effective way. In the end, the report provides the study of the management techniques
which gives aid to support the sustainability in the relation of the visitors.

LO1 Understand the scope and importance of visitor attractions
The visitor attractions can be defined as some natural sites or appearances, man-made structure or things
that gain some special attention of tourists and the local residents of that area. The attraction can be act as
a motivation for some destinations and give respect as an appealing factor to the tourists for choosing the
specific destination. Let’s take an example of a visitor attraction place that is St. Paul’s Cathedral in
London. This is the place with a world-famous dome for London skyline as a visitor attraction place. The
St. Paul’s Cathedral is famous for artworks that are well-known as well as the complex mosaics. All the
visitors are highly mesmerized with the breathtaking over beautiful interior at the Cathedral. The people
who visit their must explore the crypt and also discover the tombs and the memorials of some famous
national heroes there. The people visit there must have a look up to the acoustic quirks of the famous
Whispering Gallery and keep visiting the Golden gallery too for the overjoy of a rhythmic panoramic
view of overall London. (Albrecht, 2018)
Also, it is considered as a religious attraction point for the tourists as it conveys a spirituality message
along with holiness vibes between the visitors who came to visit the Cathedral despite the Christian faith
in them. As the Cathedral is the place for Christians for worshiping as well as considered as an ancient
place over there that is highly used for locality and is marked as a heritage and cultural point for the
people and support the community surviving life over there.
The main purpose is the formation of visiting sites and to popular the heritage culture for attracting
visitors like Eden project, Thorpe Park, London Eye. The places like York Minster, Windsor Castle,
Goon hilly Downs are mainly built for the tourist attractions. Some of the natural attraction in Britain like
Lake Winder mere, Pembroke shire Coast, is also famous for tourist attraction. There are several festivals
and events are famous like Olympic Games, Glastonbury, Euro-vision Song Contest, are famous over
there. Some of the human-built attraction point like English country house was not designed as per the
attraction point but it may include an art gallery and possibly run several festivals and events and host
many of the conferences at the local, national and international level that can be considered as a visitor
attraction point.
The importance of visitor attraction must be analyzed with the consideration of St. Paul’s Cathedral. The
local area gets benefits from the visitor attraction as the St, Paul’s Cathedral provides both the positive
economic and social impact on the local area. The St. Paul’s Cathedral provides all possible facilities to
the school visits as respect for them for visiting the St. Paul’s Cathedral in that area. By providing trails,
workshops, tour facility to school students, they get to know more about the place that is beneficial in

their classroom learnings. The local area get benefit by providing education to the students for similar
types of subjects and is considered as a strong learning way for the students ( Čakovská, 2018).
The St. Paul’s Cathedral also provides a sector for adult learning programs that include guides and
volunteers that will help in the development of skills for guiding people about the place. The St. Paul’s
Cathedral offers the English Choral culture sustaining that results into the benefits and profits for the local
area as the adults and the children get involved so that the local area get some experience in education via
cathedral music help and they keep helping in developing several transferable abilities for the local area.
The St. Paul’s Cathedral’s workspace gives employment to a large portion of the resident craftsmen that
have some conversation skills and ability that can be measured as a carpenter, glass specialist as well as
stonemasons ( Ivanova, et. al., 2018).
For the revitalizing of an area, visitor attraction is needed. This can help in attracting new business in the
local area to the best destination that contributes to all possible destination services and products and
gives employment to local area people. It provides revenue, several multiplier effects to the tourist
attraction business and enhances the popularity of local heritage and culture at a worldwide level. The
main aim of visitor or tourist attraction is to make all the possible profits and benefits for locality and
make a possible contribution for the preservation of heritage and culture and enhance the conversation
among tourist and visitors (Kebete, et. al., 2019).
LO2 Understand visitor types, impacts, and tourist motivation theories
Various requirements are found in a different type of visitors as well as each and every visitor has a
motivation for a visit to a visitor attraction-
1. Sea Life London Aquarium- General tourists can visit this place for entertaining themselves with
different marine species as well as this place has importance for education and research purpose as for
the marine management it’s one of the prominent centers of excellence.
2. St. Paul’s Cathedral- General tourist can visit this place as they are motivated for the sight of the
excellent interior of the cathedral and the religious tourist visit this place to take the essence of
spirituality and holiness (Li, et. al., 2019).
3. Coca Cola London Eye- General tourist can visit this place as they get the chance to take the glance
of different attractions of London by riding it.
4. British Museum- General tourists can visit this place as visitors get the opportunity to experience the
pre-historic times to modern time’s works of man from across the worldwide and the major
attractions of British Museum include the Pantheon sculptures, mummies of ancient Egypt and
Rosetta stone.

5. Tower of London- General tourists can visit this royal palace to know more about its history.
The tourism has both the good and bad effects on visitor attraction some of them are-
Good effects:
1. Economic effects- Currently, tourism is the sector which is generating a high amount of
employment opportunities. It also indirectly supports sectors like retail, transportation, etc. There
are so many people who earn their livelihoods by working under this tourism sector (Litvin, et.
al., 2018)
2. Environmental effects- Basically tourism supports wildlife conservation by nature tourism and
eco-tourism. Sometimes many new species are discovered under nature and eco-tourism which
are hidden from the world and are really beautiful when discovered.
3. Social effects- Tourism promotes and preserves traditional items like handicrafts and different
customs as well as festivals. It also improves the infrastructural facilities which ultimately
benefits the local communities (MacLeod, et. al., 2018).
Bad effects:
1. Economic effects- the employment opportunities that tourism creates varies from seasons to
seasons i.e., they are seasonal and so the pay is very poor. Sometimes the destinations which are
on tourist’s list to visit are impacted by several events like natural disasters, terrorism, and
economic depression which ultimately effects the tourism sector of Britain. It’s not necessary that
the local communities benefit from tourism as nowadays there are various MNCs that look out for
the tourism facilities which in turn benefits them but not the local communities.
2. Environmental effects- Tourism also creates the pollution as in there are lots of garbage and
leftovers left behind by the tourists on the beaches which are then taken away by the water in the
sea which ultimately threatens the marine life.
3. Social effects- Sometimes the tourists have their own way and behavior of doing things which
aren’t in accordance with the host community and so it ultimately creates a mess amongst all and
so affects the quality of life of host community (Milman, et. al., 2018).
The motivation can help to fulfil the required needs of people. Further, people should work on their needs
so that people will be satisfied with their needs. This process can possibly change with the needs that are
primary and it can result in a rise of actions or outputs for further proceedings actions. A remuneration is
placed between the satisfaction and behavior that results in the rewards and need satisfaction that
motivates the people for the repetition of the same process.

Figure 1: remuneration process
In tourist case, the needs of tourist are transformed by the motivation process and this is known as the
motivation process. It can be presented as a diagram given below-
Figure 2: motivation process
There are motivational theories which are helpful to inspire the management team in an effective way and
also build the understanding to make the employees satisfied. There are various motivation theories that
define the factors and elements that motivate the people and the people motivation process.
1. Maslow’s need hierarchy theory
2. Alderfer’s ERG theory (Existence, relatedness, and growth)
3. Herzberg two factor theory
4. Equity theory
Maslow’s need hierarchy theory is the very first theory for motivation that is proposed by Abraham
Maslow. He said that each and every person have their own types of needs and all the high demand needs

are the needs of topmost need hierarchy of the pyramid that is visible after all the lower needs in a
hierarchy that must be satisfied. Let’s take an example of safety and security needs that will be followed
by the tourists when their psychological needs have been accomplished and satisfied (Olsen, et. al., 2019).
Figure 3: Maslow's Theory of Motivation
In the case of tourism destination, this theory is used in order to completion of tourism destination, first of
all, the base needs must be accomplished and satisfied. The tourist destination firstly needs to provide the
safety and psychological needs of the tourist for gaining the attention of tourist and then fulfill their
additional needs such as self-esteem, self-actualization, or social needs. There are many disadvantages of
this theory and most importantly that the needs may be not following the hierarchical pattern of Maslow’s
Theory.
Alderfer’s ERG theory is very much similar to the Maslow’s theory and has a single difference that in
Maslow’s the needs are separated and served at different levels and in Alderfer’s ERG theory the needs
are categorized in mainly three categories. (Paraskevaidis, et. al., 2019)
Herzberg two factor theory says that the opposite of word motivation is not the de-motivation.
According to Herzberg, the opposite of motivation is no motivation so he described two factors set in this
context one set is of hygiene factors and the other one is motivating factors. As per the Herzberg, the
availability of hygiene factors doesn’t need in motivation but the unavailability of these hygiene factors
results into demotivation and the availability of motivating factors results into the motivation and the
unavailability of these motivating factors does not result into demotivation.
By applying this theory in tourist destinations several factors like safety, food, transportation considered
as hygiene factors. And other available attractions can be considered as a motivating factor. So the basic
needs of the tourist are to have all the basic amenities in their traveling for a tourist destination that will
motivate them instead of demotivation.

Equity theory says that the motivation of tourist varies in ratio. According to this theory, the tourist
compares the ratio of the amount of effort-reward to the ratio of similar measures that is applicable for
many other tourists as per their thinking.
LO3 Understand issues affecting the development process in visitor attraction
management
There are several elements and factors that give the success of visitor attractions. The above-mentioned
theories described that there are several factors that motivate the tourist for a visitor attraction attempt and
for attending specific attractions instead of another one. According to the theory of Herzberg that is
Herzberg two factor theory, not each and every elements and factor are motivating factors. Some of the
hygiene factors are outlined below that when are unavailable demotivates and also their availability does
not affect the motivation of tourist. All the necessary factors are discussed below-
Availability of resources- It is an important element and factor for visitor attraction development. There
are many resources available around the visitor attraction that impacts visitor attraction. All the attractions
that are situated at remote locations ensure the availability of the resources that are considered as a
necessary criterion and is the most difficult part for the resource availability.
Professional management skills- It is considered to be the most important element and factor that is
responsible for the completion and accomplishment of visitor attraction and supports in the visitor
attraction development that is considered as a professional management skill. by achieving the
professional management skills properly by the leader and the staff members the attraction can be
managed in a proficient manner. (Park et. al., 2019)
Product offering and type of attraction- Previously used factors such as professional and personal
management skills along with resources availability considered as a hygiene factor that is highly used for
motivation for the purpose of visitor attractions for a specific destination or location is a type of attraction
it is considered for the tourists. It is necessary for the discussing of several numbers of attractions such as
natural attractions, theme-based attractions, man-made attractions, etc. all these several types of
attractions are responsible to attract the visitors and it is necessary to accomplish all these attractions to
attract the visitors with the help of motivational process as shown below-
For attracting several visitors, the visitor must need to succeed all the needs of visitors for the satisfaction
of tourists.
Ease of access- One more necessary factor that finds out the popularity of a specific destination for
tourist is the ease through which it’s easy to measure all the routes that are major and the centers for the

residents and tourists. Hence it really not be considered as a far destination point and the remote point that
are not responsible for the tourist attraction. And in such cases, the number of tourist and visitors fall
down in high quantity. And it can be illustrated through Equity theory of motivation. A tourist can always
compare the reward amount that is collected to the number of efforts he or she put into it for reaching out
to the destination.
Product demand in the market- It is all about the services and products demanded by the destination
point. It’s not only the demand by the destination for the visitors and customers but also for the market as
the market also demands the trending services and products that destinations are demanding for the
visitors and tourists. So the popularity of any destination can be increased when it accomplish the target
of specific services and product as per the requirement of destination for visitors and tourists that
accomplished by the specific factors to complete the user needs. (Pham et. al., 2019)
Admission policy- For a destination, the admission policy must be considered as an important factor. All
the visitor attraction points are capable enough for receiving all the types of visitors and are capable
enough to distinguish all the visitors at any platform.
Health and Safety- It is also considered as an important element and factor for the tourist destination
development. As per the Maslow’s theory, before all the high demanding needs of a customer and visitor
like self-actualization, self-esteem, social, etc. the health and safety needs must be on a priority. So in the
case of tourists destination, the health and safety must be on top most priority
LO4 Understand the application of management techniques and their impact
on sustainability
The different visitor management strategies are responsible for maximizing visitor attraction. There are
several industries that are busy in products selling that is considered as experience components. Possibly
only one company is responsible for the dependence of the customer and visitor experience. The better
understanding of the marketplace is needed for the creation of opportunities through the tourism planner
components to experience the particular desires of visitors and customers, and also the requirements of
specific segments of a marketplace for the visitor and customers. The tourist experience is categorized
into four types of phases that are outlined below-
Phase 1 is the dreaming of travel that is responsible for designing the holiday plans and start researching
about travel detailing’s and plans at the time of their dream accomplishment and they continuously
describe the destination list for traveling. (Weaver, et. al., 2019)

Phase 2 is about choosing the destination for travel that is affected by following factors like packaging,
cost, the atmosphere surrounding and fist selected contacts for traveling.
Phase 3 is taking the trip where the visitor and tourist sense a special feeling for traveling and gives the
review about the satisfaction, dis-satisfaction, transformation, and feelings.
Phase 4 is the last phase of reviewing the trip for the post-trip where all the visitors and tourists share
their photos and videos and their traveling stories with all their friends and relatives and suggest them for
the specific destination point to others.
For designing the management strategies to make an attractive tourist destination, the visitor is the most
important key component. The visitor profile has a different characteristic that includes details about the
psychographics, demographics and the patterns and behaviors of spent that forms a specific visitor or a
group of a visitor. By analyzing the visitor information the tourism products and services were designed
and simultaneously the strategies were designed that are applied to the whole chain of values. (Yang,
2018)
By defining the visions and objectives for a tourist destination, the tourism destination of stakeholders is
unified that results in the cluster formation and increasing the competitiveness for the destination points
instead of other destination points. For increasing the competitiveness, the cluster that is a working group
is responsible for a specific tourism destination. The number of values of participants varies in this
cluster. There is an availability of lots of products and services in the market for making the tourism
destination more beneficial for tourists and visitors. There are simple four stages in the succession of
brand management for the tourism destination that is research, personality identifying and positioning,
brand implementation and maintenance of long-term brand.
This is very necessary to confirm that travel and tourism have its own impact on the local community or
group and tourism destination that has its own impacts. It is very important to know about the tourism
perception between community members along with the demand and supply of products demand for
tourism. This gives the learning of the issues faces by the tourism organization which affects the
development of the organization and also give an impact on the management of the attraction visitors. A
remuneration is placed between the satisfaction and behavior that results in the rewards and need
satisfaction that motivates the people for the repetition of the same process. The team members of the
management team should inspire in the proper way to understand the various types of visitors and build
the proper relation accordingly. The local area people are the one who gets affected by the tourists. If
tourism is carried out in an efficient and better way than the natural and cultural resources can be
preserved for the future aspects and there is a possibility for violation by the visitors and tourists of the