Vulnerable People and Communities: A Literature Review Report

This report presents a literature review on the challenges faced by vulnerable people and communities. It explores various issues, including social difficulties, lack of access to resources, and health disparities. The report highlights the impact of factors like education, poverty, and social inequality on vulnerable populations. It examines how interpersonal connections, education, and access to technology can help improve the lives of vulnerable individuals. The review also addresses the importance of tailored interventions, such as public health programs and psychosocial therapies, to meet the specific needs of these communities. Furthermore, it discusses initiatives aimed at promoting equality and social justice within educational settings. Overall, the report emphasizes the need for comprehensive strategies to address the complex challenges faced by vulnerable people and communities to improve their well-being and social inclusion.

CSV2109 Vulnerable
People and Communities

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Vulnerability is refers to the degree to which an organisation, population or individuals
are unable to anticipate, resist, recover and cope up with the impact of several social, economic
as well as natural disasters. The community of vulnerable people found several type of issues
within the society due to the disadvantages that they mainly faces. The current report is based on
literature review over the vulnerable people and community which focuses toward major issues
they are facing and ways through which it can be further improved.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Introduction:-
Literature review is defined as the process of reviewing number of secondary sources in
order to gather the information regarding a particular area of study from the perspective of
different view point of scholars. This support in developing an understanding regarding the
nature of study so that appropriate points can be explained which can be used to proceed further.
The current study is based on vulnerable people and Communities as it help in determining the
changes that are being anticipated within this community due to changes that taken place in
world. The vulnerable people are the group of person or communities that are at higher risk in
term of poor health and lack of access to resources due to several barriers. As a result of which
people belongs to this community mainly experiences issues in term of political, social,
economic, environmental etc. and have certain limitations due to disability or illness.
Literature review :-
As per the view of Foster, C. E. and et. al., 2017, there are number of vulnerable people
who found social difficulties which have a direct influence to their life and well-being. But
young people who found such difficulties can be helped out when they get a interpersonal
connection with their parents and schools. This is so because youths that are having vulnerable
history also found several difficulties in their schools when they have less connectedness such as
bullying, isolation and loneliness which host several difficulties such as social anxiety,
depression, self harm, emotional or behavioural stress etc. But on the other side the young people
who remain connected with adults as well as their family seems to have lower level of emotional
as well as behavioural problems and maintains a higher level of adaptive functioning for the

people who are living within the low income, high crime urban area. This connectedness proves
to extract positive outcome with youth as it help them in gaining a better life. At the public
health level, programming which provides the access to parental support and education can be
consider as an under-resources community.
With the extension of this information, Muttarak, R. and Lutz, W., 2014, stated that the
people who are highly educated, reported to have a better preparedness and responses to the
disaster, suffer lower negative impact and able to have fast recovery. One of the fact that social
marketing approaches science have shown that not each people are equally vulnerable. The
vulnerabilities get varied from education, age, gender, level of income, location and many more.
Hence it is assumed that the future will see different type of vulnerabilities to the hazards
associated with climate changes. Poverty is consider to be a major cause behind vulnerability
and education is consider as a factor that can people to get out of these situation. Education is
consider to be a factor that plays a major role within minimising the extreme climate event in
direct as well as indirect ways.
This is so because it is consider as the formal way of acquiring the knowledge,
competencies and skills which support in influencing the adaptive capacity. There are several
benefits that education provide to an individual. Among them first one is that it help in
enhancing the cognitive, literacy and numerical skills which support people in implementing
better understanding and ability to process the risk information much effectively. Secondly,
education also support in developing the problem solving skills which support individual in
getting more capable of respondinmarketing approachesg to the event. Thirdly, the education
help in improving the acquisition of values, knowledge and priority that provide capacity to plan
for improving the allocation of resources and future practices. This can be done, as people that
are well educated tend to have better understanding regarding the nutritions and health practices.
Fourth benefit of education is that it support in developing the risk perception, as it is assumed
that people who are educated have a better awareness regarding the natural disaster like
earthquake, and have more understanding regarding the action to be taken in term of disaster
preparedness.
Despite of this, it can be said that vulnerable people have several challenges which
restrict them to get better access to their studies and other resources. From the study performed
by Correa-Velez, I., Gifford, S.M. and Barnett, A.G., 2010, it can be said that young people

having some traumatic past brings up several strengths to the challenges that they face at
Melbourne, Australia. These are those people who are highly optimised and having self esteem
which doesn't get diminished through course of study. There main purpose to get enter in this is
to get access to good education that help in improving their life. But the behaviour that they
experience during these educational years such as bullying, discrimination, criticism etc. affect
them badly and sometime it results into a lots of anxiety and stress them due to which some of
the students left their schools without completing their education.
Despite of all this, Groom, A.V. And et. al., 2009, there are number of issues that
vulnerable people have to face due to social differences and lack of access to resources. But in
order to effectively address the requirement of vulnerable population in tribe community, the
tribe leader and health officials must focuses toward identifying the specific vulnerable
population within their community and identify about the pandemic influenza preparedness
needs for the population. On other side the health officials should engaged the tribal health
officials as well as community leaders in preparing to assist the vulnerable people present within
the tribe community. The tribe as well as state leadership should try to cooperate with
responsibility that are consider to be cross jurisdictional lines, legal authorities should be
explained for specific public health activities which is required to assist vulnerable population in
tribe communities. This is so because most of the tribal communities have population group that
holds unique characteristics which place them at increased risk for the adverse health outcome in
case an influenza pandemic occurs. These people are considered vulnerable due to their
underlying health condition and due to lack of availability of treatment to their health issues.
This is the major cause which is taking the vulnerable people to other than general society as
they have less access to the resources to improve their living conditions which is a major cause
behind their quick spread of health issues badly. As a result of which they are treated differently
as compare to other people and health practitioners sometimes give less importance over others.
This is making the situation of tribe community worsen and due to which the frequency of
vulnerable people that are consider under the poor health category is continuously increasing.
On the other side, Vázquez, M.Y.G., Sexto, C.F., Rocha, Á. and Aguilera, A., 2016,
argues that mobile phones are becoming a major communication tool which is commonly used
by people throughout the world and it started adopting to the psychosocial therapies which
involve vulnerable people. It has been identified that the vulnerable people are those that remain

in risk of abuse as their condition remains in disadvantage in term of social, economic and
cultural manner. This mainly includes women, children, migrant workers, political refusee,
sexual minority, indigenous people, developmental problem, poor interpersonal network,
degraded social environment etc. These are the factor due to which vulnerable people remain off
to the society and they get less access to the resources. But with the development of technology,
mobile phones has now become a tool for universal communication among the people. Hence, it
can be used to improve the condition of vulnerable people. This can be done by producing the
detail as well as personalised data in order to help in diagnose, providing treatment, preventing
issues or rehabilitating the vulnerable or people that are socially excluded. This support in
determining the areas where people require access to health treatment as they are founding
several issues. In addition to this it also provide a medium where vulnerable people can interact
with the other people in order to get access to a better life by gaining information and
maintaining a connection with other people within the society. This is so because it has been
found that the psychosocial therapies through mobile phone are consider to be more affordable
and accessible to the people that are finding difficulty in accessing the face to face traditional
therapy. People that belong to rural area, having less mobility, or people with some social
responsibility such as mother with children, dependents etc. sometime do not get a direct access
to face to face interaction as a result of which this get more difficult for them to wor5k over
improving their health condition by their own. So this communicational method can support
them in getting access to healthier advice through which they can manage their health by their
own.
The Ecclestone, K. and Brunila, K., 2015, the vulnerable community is facing issues
from years in term of getting a good life and access of several human benefits or rights that are
people within society are getting. In number of countries, pessimism regarding the social as well
as educational inequality brings up a new turn by regularly informing them about the rights they
hold within the society as well as understanding regarding social justice. For this there are
number of initiatives that are taken by the higher authority in order to provide equality to the
students in term of education. For this main emphasis has been put over the state-sponsored
initiative that are designed around the concept that emotional well-being as well as mental health
development should get importance in present so that future issues can be solved by the students
by their own. For this, several activities are being involved in educational settings such as youth

educational programmes, rehabilitation programme, adult and community education program so
that a positive perception can be made toward the society among it students who are the future of
society. These supplement act as a counselling-based peer mentoring as well as life coaching
which support in developing the positive psychology and also help them in performing an
individual based diagnosis about the emotional behaviour or need issues. In addition to this it
also brings up several strands such as develop a sense of self-help, mindfulness and
psychotherapy. These are mainly perform in the form of group activities which support
participants in understanding, exploring as well as managing the emotional effectively so that
they can manage the situation effectively. The similar approach of England is also being used by
Sweden and Australia. The main reason behind adopting this approach with educational systems
and their institutes in order to promote equality and social justice among the people so that
people belongs to vulnerable society get an equal chance in term of education as well as social
place as other people get.
CONCLUSION
From the above performed study it can be said that vulnerable people faces so many
issues in their living due to difference in term of their access to health care, social, economic,
environmental and other factors. This in turn restrict them to get a better life and they also have
to face several type of discrimination at from the other people of the society. Throughout this
study it has been identified that education is most effective way to deal with such issues and
reducing the vulnerabilities throughout several areas of society. This is so because it help in
developing several skills or capabilities that provide an idea to a person about manner in which
they must deal with a particular situation and actions to be taken.

REFERENCES
Books & Journals
Foster, C.E., Horwitz, A., Thomas, A., Opperman, K., Gipson, P., Burnside, A., Stone, D.M. and
King, C.A., 2017. Connectedness to family, school, peers, and community in socially
vulnerable adolescents. Children and youth services review, 81, pp.321-331.
Vázquez, M.Y.G., Sexto, C.F., Rocha, Á. and Aguilera, A., 2016. Mobile phones and
psychosocial therapies with vulnerable people: A first state of the art. Journal of
medical systems, 40(6), p.157.
Correa-Velez, I., Gifford, S.M. and Barnett, A.G., 2010. Longing to belong: Social inclusion and
wellbeing among youth with refugee backgrounds in the first three years in Melbourne,
Australia. Social science & medicine, 71(8), pp.1399-1408.
Groom, A.V., Jim, C., LaRoque, M., Mason, C., McLaughlin, J., Neel, L., Powell, T., Weiser, T.
and Bryan, R.T., 2009. Pandemic influenza preparedness and vulnerable populations in
tribal communities. American Journal of Public Health, 99(S2), pp.S271-S278.
Muttarak, R. and Lutz, W., 2014. Is education a key to reducing vulnerability to natural disasters
and hence unavoidable climate change?. Ecology and society, 19(1).
Ecclestone, K. and Brunila, K., 2015. Governing emotionally vulnerable subjects and
‘therapisation’of social justice. Pedagogy, Culture & Society, 23(4), pp.485-506.